32 research outputs found
M-charts as a tool for quantifying metamorphopsia in age-related macular degeneration treated with the bevacizumab injections
Impacts of birds of prey on gamebirds in the UK: a review
The influence of predators on the distribution, density and dynamics of their prey species has long been of interest to ecologists and wildlife managers. Where the prey population is also utilised by humans, conflicts may arise through competition for a limited resource. Because gamebird shooting in the UK provides employment, recreation and income, the impact of birds of prey on gamebird populations has been the subject of intense debate for many years. A variety of approaches has been used to assess the impacts that raptors have on gamebird populations. Here we review the applicability and limitations of the methods used and assess the scientific evidence for population-level and economic impacts of raptors on gamebird populations in the UK. Raptors may, in some situations, take large numbers of gamebirds and may be an important proximate cause of mortality, although few studies have assressed the impacts of raptors on either breeding or pre-shooting densities. Two exceptions are studies of Hen Harrier and Peregrine predation on Red Grouse on moorland in Scotland and Sparrowhawk predation on Grey Partridge on farmland in England. Both these studies suggested that raptors could have population-level impacts when their gamebird prey was already at low density. Studies on predation of captively bred gamebirds suggest that numbers taken by raptors at release pens vary considerably and in a few cases raptors have been documented killing relatively large numbers. On the whole, however, it appears that raptors account for a relatively small proportion of mortality among released birds and the impact on subsequent shooting bags is unknown. We summarise important gaps in current knowledge and recommend specific areas for future research
A randomised controlled trial to assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of alternative treatments to Inhibit VEGF in Age-related choroidal Neovascularisation (IVAN)
A clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal Anti-VEGF therapy in treating macular edema due to retinal venous occlusions
Saving money on the PBS: ranibizumab or bevacizumab for neovascular macular degeneration?
Asian age-related macular degeneration phenotyping study: Rationale, design and protocol of a prospective cohort study
10.1111/j.1442-9071.2012.02765.xClinical and Experimental Ophthalmology407727-735CEOP