Dual-band in situ molecular spectroscopy using single-sized Al-disk perfect absorbers

In this manuscript, we have demonstrated that the antenna-enhanced infrared vibrational spectroscopy can be a powerful platform for high-sensitivity detection of ultrathin layer of polymer molecules and in situ monitoring of their crosslinking reaction as well as their kinetics of network formation. Our precisely designed dual-band perfect absorber (DPA) made of singles-sized resonator array shows strongly-enhanced nearfield intensity and polarization independence, providing a powerful antenna platform for the bond-selective vibrational sensing

Monitoring Cirrus Cloud and Tropopause Height over Hanoi Using a Compact Lidar System

Abstract. Cirrus clouds in the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere have attracted great attention due to their important role and impact on the atmospheric radioactive balance. Because cirrus clouds are located high in the atmosphere, their study requires a high resolution remote sensing technique not only for detection but also for the characterization of their properties. The lidar technique with its inherent high sensitivity and resolution has become an indispensible tool for studying and improving our understanding of cirrus cloud. Using lidar technique we can simultaneously measure the cloud height, thickness and follow its temporal evolution. In this paper we describe the development of a compact and highly sensitive lidar system with the aim to remotely monitor for the first time the cirrus clouds over Hanoi (21001’42’’N, 105051’12’’W). From the lidar data collected during the year 2011. We derive the mean cloud height, location of cloud top, the cloud mean thickness and their temporal evolution. We then compare the location of the cloud top with the position of the tropopause determined the radiosonde data and found good that the distance between cloud top and tropopause remains fairly stable, indicating that generally the top of cirrus clouds is the good tracer of the tropopause. We found that the cirrus clouds are generally located at height between 11.2 to 15 km with average height of 13.4 km. Their thickness is between 0.3 and 3.8 km with average value of 1.7 km. We also compare the properties of cirrus cloud with that observed at other locations around the world based on lidar technique

Multichannel Photon Counting Lidar Measurements Using USB-based Digital Storage Oscilloscope

We present a simple method of making multichannel photon counting measurements of weak lidar signal from large ranges, using commonly available USB-based digital storage oscilloscopes. The single photon pulses from compact photomultiplier tubes are amplified and stretched so that the pulses are large and broad enough to be sampled efficiently by the USB oscilloscopes. A software interface written in Labview is then used to count the number of photon pulses in each of the prescribed time bins to form the histogram of LIDAR signal. This method presents a flexible alternative to the modular multichannel scalers and facilitate the development of sensitive lidar systems

In and Ga Codoped ZnO Film as a Front Electrode for Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells

Doped ZnO thin films have attracted much attention in the research community as front-contact transparent conducting electrodes in thin film silicon solar cells. The prerequisite in both low resistivity and high transmittance in visible and near-infrared region for hydrogenated microcrystalline or amorphous/microcrystalline tandem thin film silicon solar cells has promoted further improvements of this material. In this work, we propose the combination of major Ga and minor In impurities codoped in ZnO film (IGZO) to improve the film optoelectronic properties. A wide range of Ga and In contents in sputtering targets was explored to find optimum optical and electrical properties of deposited films. The results show that an appropriate combination of In and Ga atoms in ZnO material, followed by in-air thermal annealing process, can enhance the crystallization, conductivity, and transmittance of IGZO thin films, which can be well used as front-contact electrodes in thin film silicon solar cells

Мінімізація опору персоналу організаційним змінам на підприємстві

Обґрунтовано підходи до мінімізації опору персоналу організаційним змінам на підприємстві. На основі аналізу недоліків існуючих підходів запропоновано концептуальні положення мінімізації опору персоналу організаційним змінам на підприємствах, у рамках реалізації яких розроблено підхід до оцінки рівня підтримки організаційних змін у колективі після інформаційної взаємодії між співробітниками та підхід до прийняття рішень у сфері управління мінімізацією опору персоналу організаційним змінам на підприємстві, що базується на оптимізаційній моделі вибору оптимальних рішень. Здійснено практичну апробацію запропонованих підходів на діючому промисловому підприємстві та сформульовано перспективи подальших досліджень.Обоснованы подходы к минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятии. На основе анализа недостатков существующих подходов предложены концептуальные положения минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятиях, в рамках реализации которых разработаны подход к оценке уровня поддержки организационных изменений в коллективе после информационного взаимодействия между сотрудниками и подход к принятию решений в сфере управления минимизацией сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятии, базирующийся на оптимизационной модели выбора оптимальных решений. Осуществлена практическая апробация предложенных подходов на действующем промышленном предприятии и сформулированы перспективы дальнейших исследований.The article is devoted to substantiating the approaches to minimizing the resistance of staff to organizational changes at an enterprise. It was revealed that existing scientific approaches do not allow formalizing the assessment of organizational resistance and minimizing the costs of preventing organizational resistance; they do not take into account such important factors as the authority of the members of the staff, objective benefits of a decision for the staff members and their inclination to adopt other people’s opinions. They do not allow assessing the staff members support for organizational change taking into account the information interaction between them. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of existing approaches conceptual positions to minimizing the resistance of staff to organizational changes at enterprises were proposed, as part of which an approach was developed to assessing the level of support for organizational changes by the staff after the information interaction between the staff members, as well as an approach to managing the minimization of staff resistance to organizational changes at an enterprise based on the optimization model of optimal (in terms of cost and results) decisions. In terms of decision-making, the main task is the choice of optimal measures (interventions) that work through changing the objective benefits of the decisions and the initial level of support. A practical approbation of the proposed approaches at an existing industrial enterprise was carried out, and perspectives for further research were formulated. Prospects for further research are in the development of tools for minimizing organizational resistance and developing methods for assessing the characteristics of workers

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

キンゾク オヨビ キンゾク/キンゾク サンカブツ ナノ ハイブリッド コウゾウ ニ オケル サブ ハチョウコウ トジコメ コウカ ト エネルギー ヘンカン オヨビ センシング エノ オウヨウ

博第1283号甲第1283号博士(理学)奈良先端科学技術大学院大

Radiative cooling for continuous thermoelectric power generation in day and night

Harvesting energy from the environment often suffers from discontinuity in power generation. Typical examples of technologies where this problem occurs are photovoltaics and solar heat power generation, which can only generate power during the day. In this study, the temperature difference caused by radiative cooling is utilized to generate thermoelectric power continuously throughout the day. The emitter has a wavelength-selective emissivity such that it is radiatively cooled all the time and its surface temperature is always cooler than the bottom side of the thermoelectric module which is placed below the selective emitter. The device placed outdoor generates thermoelectric voltage during the day and night without dropping to zero. The device can be used as a power supply for sensors and monitors placed outdoors. Published under license by AIP Publishing

Tunable Nanoantennas for Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy by Colloidal Lithography and Post-Fabrication Etching

We fabricated large-area metallic (Al and Au) nanoantenna arrays on Si substrates using cost-effective colloidal lithography with different micrometer-sized polystyrene spheres. Variation of the sphere size leads to tunable plasmon resonances in the middle infrared (MIR) range. The enhanced near-fields allow us to detect the surface phonon polaritons in the natural SiO2 thin layers. We demonstrated further tuning capability of the resonances by employing dry etching of the Si substrates with the nanoantennas acting as the etching masks. The effective refractive index of the nanoantenna surroundings is efficiently decreased giving rise to blueshifts of the resonances. In addition, partial removal of the Si substrates elevates the nanoantennas from the high-refractive-index substrates making more enhanced near-fields accessible for molecular sensing applications as demonstrated here with surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy for a thin polymer film. We also directly compared the plasmonic enhancement from the Al and Au nanoantenna arrays