Оценка соотношения пролиферации и апоптоза в ткани молочной железы в норме и при гиперпролиферативных процессах

The study was conducted to determine the universal indices reflecting the balance of proliferation and apoptosis in breast tissue in normal and various pathological processes. The 27 values of the apoptosis level and the number of cells in different phases of the cell cycle were determined in the biopsy material of samples of cancer, fibroadenoma tissues and unchanged breast tissue by flow cytometry. The balance of apoptosis and proliferation in the studied tissues was evaluated and indices were proposed to reflect the activity of these processes in the tissue. It is shown that in hyperproliferative processes of the breast the cell balance estimated by the proposed indices has been changed in the direction of increasing of the cell population.Исследование проведено с целью определения универсальных индексов, отражающих баланс процессов пролиферации и апоптоза в тканях молочной железы в норме и при различных патологических процессах. В биопсийном материале образцов рака молочной железы, тканей фиброаденомы и неизмененной ткани молочной железы методом проточной цитофлуорометрии определены значения уровня апоптоза и количество клеток вразных фазах клеточного цикла. На основании анализа полученных результатов выполнена оценка баланса процессов апоптоза и пролиферации в исследуемых тканях и предложены индексы, отражающие активность данных процессов в ткани. Показано, что при гиперпролиферативных процессах молочной железы клеточный баланс, оцененный с помощью предложенных индексов, изменен в сторону увеличения клеточной популяции

Connecting the study of wild influenza with the potential for pandemic disease

Continuing outbreaks of pathogenic (H5N1) and pandemic (SOIVH1N1) influenza have underscored the need to understand the origin, characteristics, and evolution of novel influenza A virus (IAV) variants that pose a threat to human health. In the last 4–5 years, focus has been placed on the organization of large-scale surveillance programs to examine the phylogenetics of avian influenza virus (AIV) and host–virus relationships in domestic and wild animals. Here we review the current gaps in wild animal and environmental surveillance and the current understanding of genetic signatures in potentially pandemic strains.National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) (Contract HHSN266200700010C)Massachusetts Institute of Technolog