Design of a Bioelectronics Hybrid System in Real Time and in Closed Loop

International audienceHynets, for Hybrid (living-artificial) Networks, are an efficient and adaptable experimental support to explore the dynamics and the adaptation process of biological systems. We present in this paper an innovative platform performing a real-time closed-loop between a cultured network (e.g. neurons) and an artificial processing (e.g. software processing or a robotic interface). The system gathers bioware, hardware, and software components and ensures the closed-loop data processing in less than 50 µs. We describe also a methodology that may help to standardize the description of some experiments. This method is associated to a full custom Graphical User Interface. We detail here the system choices, components, and performances

Whole genome paired-end sequencing elucidates functional and phenotypic consequences of balanced chromosomal rearrangement in patients with developmental disorders

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PHYTOBS dataset - French National Service of Observation for Phytoplankton in coastal waters

The PHYTOBS dataset includes long-term time series on marine microphytoplankton, since 1987, along the whole French metropolitan coast. Microphytoplankton data cover microscopic taxonomic identifications and counts. The whole dataset is available, it includes 25 sampling locations.PHYTOBS network studies microphytoplankton diversity in the hydrological context along French coasts under gradients of anthropogenic pressures. PHYTOBS network allows to analyse the responses of phytoplankton communities to environmental changes, to assess the quality of the coastal environment through indicators, to define ecological niches, to detect variations in bloom phenology, and to support any scientific question by providing data.The PHYTOBS network provides the scientific community and stakeholders with validated and qualified data, in order to improve knowledge regarding biomass, abundance and composition of marine microphytoplankton in coastal and lagoon waters in their hydrological context.PHYTOBS originates of two networks. The historical REPHY (French Observation and Monitoring program for Phytoplankton and Hydrology in coastal waters) supported by Ifremer since 1984 and the SOMLIT (Service d'observation en milieu littoral) supported by INSU-CNRS since 1995. The monitoring has started in 1987 on some sites and later in others.Hydrological data are provided by REPHY or SOMLIT network as a function of site locations

Le développement durable à découvert

Vingt ans après la première conférence de Rio, qu’est devenue la proposition de conduire nos sociétés vers un développement durable ? Adopté par les uns, utilisé comme faire-valoir par les autres, ce concept de développement durable est souvent vidé de son sens. Or, l’impact exponentiel des activités humaines sur les ressources naturelles, la santé des populations et le milieu exige d’expliquer ce qu’il est précisément. Qu’est-ce que le développement durable aujourd’hui ? Qu’en est-il de la disponibilité des ressources et de l’usage que nous en faisons ? Dans le domaine de l’eau, du climat, des sols, de la biodiversité ? En milieu rural, sur le littoral ou encore en milieu urbain, là où la majorité de la population va vivre d’ici 2050, comment consommons-nous au fil du temps, à travers les territoires ? Quelles incidences les activités humaines ont-elles sur les ressources, sur la santé des populations et sur le milieu lui-même ? Les relations entre l’humanité et l’environnement doivent-elles évoluer ? Autant de questions posées à des scientifiques qui éclaircissent la complexité des interactions entre les systèmes et proposent des solutions pour un avenir sur le long terme. De nos écosystèmes à nos modes de consommation, des risques naturels aux nouvelles technologies ou aux pollutions, des usines du futur au traitement des déchets, Le développement durable à découvert informe, explique, partage tout ce que la science actuelle est capable d’apporter au défi majeur du xxie siècle : comment mieux comprendre la complexité des enjeux qui nous concernent tous et assurer le développement de l’humanité sans détruire son biotope. Économistes, physiciens, sociologues, agronomes, écologues... plus de 150 chercheurs se sont mobilisés pour associer leur expertise à leur regard critique et décrire, comprendre, modéliser, imaginer, illustrations et schémas à l’appui, les outils destinés à construire les sociétés équitables de demain

Persistent headaches one year after bacterial meningitis: prevalence, determinants and impact on quality of life

International audienceBackground: Little is known on headaches long-term persistence after bacterial meningitis and on their impact on patients' quality of life.Methods: In an ancillary study of the French national prospective cohort of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults (COMBAT) conducted between February 2013 and July 2015, we collected self-reported headaches before, at onset, and 12 months (M12) after meningitis. Determinants of persistent headache (PH) at M12, their association with M12 quality of life (SF 12), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and neuro-functional disability were analysed.Results: Among the 277 alive patients at M12 87/274 (31.8%), 213/271 (78.6%) and 86/277 (31.0%) reported headaches before, at the onset, and at M12, respectively. In multivariate analysis, female sex (OR: 2.75 [1.54-4.90]; p < 0.001), pre-existing headaches before meningitis (OR: 2.38 [1.32-4.30]; p < 0.01), higher neutrophilic polynuclei percentage in the CSF of the initial lumbar puncture (OR: 1.02 [1.00-1.04]; p < 0.05), and brain abscess during the initial hospitalisation (OR: 8.32 [1.97-35.16]; p < 0.01) were associated with M12 persistent headaches. Neither the responsible microorganism, nor the corticoids use were associated with M12 persistent headaches. M12 neuro-functional disability (altered Glasgow Outcome Scale; p < 0.01), M12 physical handicap (altered modified Rankin score; p < 0.001), M12 depressive symptoms (p < 0.0001), and M12 altered physical (p < 0.05) and mental (p < 0.0001) qualities of life were associated with M12 headaches.Conclusion: Persistent headaches are frequent one year after meningitis and are associated with quality of life alteration

One-Year Sequelae and Quality of Life in Adults with Meningococcal Meningitis: Lessons from the COMBAT Multicentre Prospective Study

Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.Gov identification number NCT01730690.International audienceIntroduction: COMBAT is a prospective, multicentre cohort study that enrolled consecutive adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM) in 69 participating centres in France between February 2013 and July 2015 and followed them for 1 year.Methods: Patients aged at least 18 years old, hospitalised with CABM were followed during their hospitalisation and then contacted by phone 12 months after enrolment. Here we present the prevalence of sequelae at 12 months in a subgroup of patients with meningococcal meningitis.Results: Five of the 111 patients with meningococcal meningitis died during initial hospitalisation and two died between discharge and 12 months, leaving 104 patients alive 1 year after enrolment, 71 of whom provided 12-month follow-up data. The median age was 30.0 years and 54.1% of the patients had no identified risk factor for meningitis. More than 30% reported persistent headache, more than 40% were not satisfied with their sleep and 10% had concentration difficulties. Hearing loss was present in about 15% of the patients and more than 30% had depressive symptoms. About 13% of the patients with a previous professional activity had not resumed work. On the SF-12 Health Survey, almost 50% and 30% had physical component or mental component scores lower than the 25th percentile of the score distribution in the French general population. There was a non-significant improvement in the patients' disability scores from hospital discharge to 12 months (p = 0.16), but about 10% of the patients had residual disability.Conclusions: Although most patients in our cohort survive meningococcal meningitis, the long-term burden is substantial and therefore it is important to ensure a prolonged follow-up of survivors and to promote preventive strategies, including vaccination

Relationship between serotypes, disease characteristics and 30-day mortality in adults with invasive pneumococcal disease

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