ON SEARCH CAPABILITIES OF THE DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION ALGORITHM

This paper examines the algorithm of differential evolution that has appeared rather recently. This algorithm ascribed by its developers to a class of evolutionary algorithms is a comparatively non-complicated technique o f solution search as applied to multiparameter optimisation tasks. Nevertheless, there are two essential factors preventing from wide application of the considered solution search technique. One of them lies in the principle of coding vectors (variables) that constitute a population the algorithm works with. The second problem is of pure technical character: in the process of search, stagnation occurs, or impossibility to find new solutions, when there is no optimal solution in the population and the vectors available are not heterogeneous. Besides studying search possibilities (limitations) of the differential evolution, some ways to cope with the problem of stagnation so-as to raise the performance of the algorithm are also suggested

SUSY field theories, integrable systems and their stringy/brane origin -- II

Five and six dimensional SUSY gauge theories, with one or two compactified directions, are discussed. The 5d theories with the matter hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation are associated with the twisted $XXZ$ spin chain, while the group product case with the bi-fundamental matter corresponds to the higher rank spin chains. The Riemann surfaces for $6d$ theories with fundamental matter and two compact directions are proposed to correspond to the $XYZ$ spin chain based on the Sklyanin algebra. We also discuss the obtained results within the brane and geometrical engeneering frameworks and explain the relation to the toric diagrams.Comment: LaTeX, 21 pages, no figure

Inflammatory Leiomyosarcoma and Histiocyte-rich Rhabdomyoblastic Tumor : a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and genetic study of 13 cases, with a proposal for reclassification as Inflammatory Rhabdomyoblastic Tumor

Inflammatory leiomyosarcoma (ILMS), defined as a malignant neoplasm showing smooth muscle differentiation, a prominent inflammatory infiltrate, and near-haploidization , is a very rare soft tissue tumor with a generally favorable prognosis. The morphologic features of histiocyte-rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor (HRRMT) are similar to those of ILMS, although this lesion shows by definition a skeletal muscle phenotype. Recent gene expression profiling and immunohistochemical studies have also suggested that ILMS and HRRMT may be related. We studied the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and genetic features of four cases previously classified as ILMS and nine classified as HRRMT. Tumors from both groups tended to occur in the deep soft tissues of the extremities of young to middle-aged males and exhibited indolent behavior. Morphologically, all were well-circumscribed, often encapsulated, and showed a striking histiocyte-rich inflammatory infiltrate admixed with variably pleomorphic tumor cells showing spindled and epithelioid to rhabdoid morphology, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and prominent nucleoli, but few, if any, mitotic figures. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed desmin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and the rhabdomyoblastic markers PAX7, MyoD1, and myogenin. H-caldesmon expression was absent in all cases, using the specific h-CD antibody. Karyotypic study (1 HRRMT) and genome-wide copy number analysis (7 HRRMT, OncoScan SNP assay), revealed near-haploidization in four cases, with subsequent genome doubling in one, an identical phenotype to that seen in ILMS. We propose reclassification of ILMS and HRRMT as inflammatory rhabdomyoblastic tumor , a name which accurately describes the salient morphologic and immunohistochemical features of this distinctive tumor, as well as its intermediate (rarely metastasizing) clinical behavior

Molecular testing for the clinical diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma.

Fibrolamellar carcinoma has a distinctive morphology and immunophenotype, including cytokeratin 7 and CD68 co-expression. Despite the distinct findings, accurate diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma continues to be a challenge. Recently, fibrolamellar carcinomas were found to harbor a characteristic somatic gene fusion, DNAJB1-PRKACA. A break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was designed to detect this fusion event and to examine its diagnostic performance in a large, multicenter, multinational study. Cases initially classified as fibrolamellar carcinoma based on histological features were reviewed from 124 patients. Upon central review, 104 of the 124 cases were classified histologically as typical of fibrolamellar carcinoma, 12 cases as 'possible fibrolamellar carcinoma' and 8 cases as 'unlikely to be fibrolamellar carcinoma'. PRKACA FISH was positive for rearrangement in 102 of 103 (99%) typical fibrolamellar carcinomas, 9 of 12 'possible fibrolamellar carcinomas' and 0 of 8 cases 'unlikely to be fibrolamellar carcinomas'. Within the morphologically typical group of fibrolamellar carcinomas, two tumors with unusual FISH patterns were also identified. Both cases had the fusion gene DNAJB1-PRKACA, but one also had amplification of the fusion gene and one had heterozygous deletion of the normal PRKACA locus. In addition, 88 conventional hepatocellular carcinomas were evaluated with PRKACA FISH and all were negative. These findings demonstrate that FISH for the PRKACA rearrangement is a clinically useful tool to confirm the diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma, with high sensitivity and specificity. A diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma is more accurate when based on morphology plus confirmatory testing than when based on morphology alone

Contemporary prostheic functional – aesthetic rehabilitation of a patient with multidisciplinatory approach

Introduction: Functional - aesthetic rehabilitation is a challenge for the dental therapists of many specialties as well as for the dental technicians. Aim of the study: To represent a case of a complete contemporary functional – aesthetic rehabilitation of patient with multidisciplinary approach. Material and Methods: A 28-year-old patient with orthodontic anomaly was treated at the Dental Clinic and needed complete and meticulous dental treatment. After the orthodontic treatment was finished, crown lengthening was performed. When the healing finished, the patients’ treatment was completed with layered zirconia crowns. Results and Discussion: Today, as therapist there are many choices for treatment of patients for achieving optimal results. It is important that the function and aesthetics will be accomplished in the long term follow up of the patient. Conclusion: The contemporary approach and multidisciplanry treatment plan contribute to the excellet results in the mutual satisfaction for the entire dental team. Key words: contemporary function, aesthetics, multidisciplinary approach

Contemporary prosthetic functional–aesthetic rehabilitation of a patient with multidisciplinary approach

Introduction: Functional-aesthetic rehabilitation is a challenge for dental therapists of many specialties as well as for dental technicians. Aim of the study: To represent a case of a complete contemporary functional–aesthetic rehabilitation of a patient with a multidisciplinary approach. Material and Methods: A 28-year-old patient with an orthodontic anomaly was treated at the Dental Clinic and needed complete and meticulous dental treatment. After the orthodontic treatment was finished, crown lengthening was performed. When the healing finished, the patients’ treatment was completed with layered zirconia crowns. Results and Discussion: Today, as therapists, there are many choices for the treatment of patients to achieve optimal results. It is important that the function and aesthetics will be accomplished in the long-term follow-up of the patient. Conclusion: The contemporary approach and multidisciplinary treatment plan contribute to the excellent results in the mutual satisfaction of the entire dental team. Keywords: contemporary function, aesthetics, multidisciplinary approach

Fluorescence in situ hybridization in surgical pathology: principles and applications

Identification of recurrent tumour‐specific chromosomal translocations and novel fusion oncogenes has important diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic implications. Over the past decade, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of tumour samples has been one of the most rapidly growing areas in genomic medicine and surgical pathology practice. Unlike traditional cytogenetics, FISH affords a rapid analysis of formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded cells within a routine pathology practice workflow. As more diagnostic and treatment decisions are based on results of FISH, demand for the technology will become more widespread. Common FISH‐detected alterations are chromosome deletions, gains, translocations, amplifications and polysomy. These chromosome alterations may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications for many tumour types. Integrating genomic testing into cancer treatment decisions poses many technical challenges, but rapid progress is being made to overcome these challenges in precision medicine. FISH assessment of chromosomal changes relevant to differential diagnosis and cancer treatment decisions has become an important tool for the surgical pathologist. The aim of this review is to provide a theoretical and practical survey of FISH detected translocations with a focus on strategies for clinical application in surgical pathology practice.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136670/1/cjp264_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136670/2/cjp264.pd