PORTFOLIO AS AN INSTRUMENTAL MEANS OF SELF-EVALUATION OF EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF STUDENTS

Introduction. In the context of the reformation of the higher education system, the shift of academic education towards the practical sphere of future professional activity bring onto focus the quest for new, more objective methods and means of assessing the results of educational and professional activities of students. In this connection, one of those is the portfolio which enables to evaluate not only the level of knowledge, but also the individual progress of the student.The aim of the publication is to discuss the opportunities and the role of the portfolio in the development of professional competence of university students.Methodology and research methods. At the theoretical level, the article provides a retrospection of the concept of the portfolio in domestic and foreign science. Empirical research was carried out with the use of such psychodiagnostic techniques as the method of “Motivation of Professional Activity” by K. Zamfir in modification of A. Rean; the questionnaire “Reflexivity” by A. V. Karpov; the questionnaire “Style of Behaviour Self-Regulation” by V. I. Morosanova. The obtained data were processed by means of the methods of mathematical statistics based on the Student's T-Test.Results and scientific novelty. The article analyzes the advantages of using the portfolio in terms of higher education. It is proved that the process of portfolio development involves not only the demonstration of the student’s efforts and achievements in a particular activity, but also contributes to the development of analytical abilities, by comparing the results of their own activities with the established standards. The use of the portfolio contributes to the solution of significant pedagogical tasks, such as stimulating motivation for learning, striving for a high level of achievement, the development of reflective and evaluation skills. It is highlighted that functionally the portfolio can serve as the tool of both the analysis of educational and professional achievements of students, and forecasting of their professional future. The sample of students of Kuibyshev Branch of Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University demonstrated the relationship between the active use of portfolio technology and the positive dynamics of parameters for professional development of students, namely regulatory, motivational and reflective components. Practical significance. The results of the study can be considered as a contribution to the scientifically based ideas about the use of portfolio technology in the practice of the Russian higher education. The data obtained in the course of the study can be used by representatives of the vocational education system, tutors engaged in psychological and pedagogical support of university students.Введение. Модернизация и реформирование высшей школы, смещение акцента с академического образования на практико-ориентированную подготовку актуализируют поиск новых, более объективных средств и технологий оценивания результатов учебно-профессиональной деятельности студентов. Одна из таких эффективных и трендовых педагогических технологий – портфолио, демонстрирующее персональный уровень знаний и профессионализма его обладателя. Цель статьи заключается в обсуждении возможностей и ресурсов портфолио для развития профессиональной компетентности студентов вуза. Методология и методики. На теоретическом уровне произведена ретроспекция понятия «портфолио» в отечественной и зарубежной науке. В эмпирической части исследования применялись такие психодиагностические методики, как «Мотивация профессиональной деятельности» К. Замфир в модификации А. Реана, опросники «Рефлексивность» А. В. Карпова и «Стиль са-морегуляции поведения» В. И. Моросановой. Полученные данные обрабатывались с помощью методов математической статистики, основанных на распределении Стьюдента. Результаты и научная новизна. Рассмотрены преимущества использования технологии портфолио в условиях вузовского образования. Доказывается, что процесс разработки подобного средства мониторинга профессионального роста и учебных достижений студента предполагает не только фиксацию его усилий и успехов в конкретных видах деятельности, но и активизацию аналитических способностей обучающегося через самостоятельное сопоставление им итогов собственной работы с установленными стандартами критериями. Создание портфолио позволяет решать значимые педагогические задачи: стимулировать мотивацию к обучению и развивать рефлексивно-оценочные навыки будущих специалистов. Подчеркивается, что функционально портфолио может выступать инструментом как анализа учебно-профессиональных достижений студентов, так и прогнозирования их профессионального будущего. На выборке обучающихся в Куйбышевском филиале Новосибирского государственного педагогического университета установлено наличие взаимосвязи между активным систематическим формированием портфолио и позитивной динамикой параметров профессионального развития студентов, в особенности его регуляторного, мотивационного и рефлексивного компонентов. Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования являются вкладом авторов в научно обоснованные представления об использовании технологии портфолио в практике российской высшей школы. Полученные данные могут быть востребованы преподавателями системы профессионального образования и тьюторами, осуществляющими психолого-педагогическое сопровождение студентов вузов.Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant № 18–013–01147)Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований (грант № 18–013–01147)

The Challenge of Machine Learning in Space Weather Nowcasting and Forecasting

The numerous recent breakthroughs in machine learning (ML) make imperative to carefully ponder how the scientific community can benefit from a technology that, although not necessarily new, is today living its golden age. This Grand Challenge review paper is focused on the present and future role of machine learning in space weather. The purpose is twofold. On one hand, we will discuss previous works that use ML for space weather forecasting, focusing in particular on the few areas that have seen most activity: the forecasting of geomagnetic indices, of relativistic electrons at geosynchronous orbits, of solar flares occurrence, of coronal mass ejection propagation time, and of solar wind speed. On the other hand, this paper serves as a gentle introduction to the field of machine learning tailored to the space weather community and as a pointer to a number of open challenges that we believe the community should undertake in the next decade. The recurring themes throughout the review are the need to shift our forecasting paradigm to a probabilistic approach focused on the reliable assessment of uncertainties, and the combination of physics-based and machine learning approaches, known as gray-box.Comment: under revie

Pharmacological characteristics of intranasal dosage forms containing Ginkgo biloba extracts

To evaluate specific pharmacological activity of the developed dosage forms of ginkgo bilob

Kinetic-scale magnetic turbulence and finite Larmor radius effects at Mercury

We use a nonstationary generalization of the higher-order structure function technique to investigate statistical properties of the magnetic field fluctuations recorded by MESSENGER spacecraft during its first flyby (01/14/2008) through the near Mercury's space environment, with the emphasis on key boundary regions participating in the solar wind -- magnetosphere interaction. Our analysis shows, for the first time, that kinetic-scale fluctuations play a significant role in the Mercury's magnetosphere up to the largest resolvable time scale ~20 s imposed by the signal nonstationarity, suggesting that turbulence at this planet is largely controlled by finite Larmor radius effects. In particular, we report the presence of a highly turbulent and extended foreshock system filled with packets of ULF oscillations, broad-band intermittent fluctuations in the magnetosheath, ion-kinetic turbulence in the central plasma sheet of Mercury's magnetotail, and kinetic-scale fluctuations in the inner current sheet encountered at the outbound (dawn-side) magnetopause. Overall, our measurements indicate that the Hermean magnetosphere, as well as the surrounding region, are strongly affected by non-MHD effects introduced by finite sizes of cyclotron orbits of the constituting ion species. Physical mechanisms of these effects and their potentially critical impact on the structure and dynamics of Mercury's magnetic field remain to be understood.Comment: 46 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Arctic quaternary ostracods and their use in paleoreconstructions

The paper deals with original and published data on fossil ostracodal assemblages from the Eurasian Arctic Kara, Laptev and Chuckchi seas. As a whole, six ecologically different assemblages were distinguished (freshwater, brackish water, marine of the inner, middle and outer shelves and upper continental slope), they replace each other upcore reflecting a gradual increase in water depth and distance from the coast. These assemblages are stable in the entire Arctic region and can be used for interpretation of environments in different Arctic areas

Ethylene supports colonization of plant roots by the mutualistic fungus Piriformospora indica

The mutualistic basidiomycete Piriformospora indica colonizes roots of mono- and dicotyledonous plants, and thereby improves plant health and yield. Given the capability of P. indica to colonize a broad range of hosts, it must be anticipated that the fungus has evolved efficient strategies to overcome plant immunity and to establish a proper environment for nutrient acquisition and reproduction. Global gene expression studies in barley identified various ethylene synthesis and signaling components that were differentially regulated in P. indica-colonized roots. Based on these findings we examined the impact of ethylene in the symbiotic association. The data presented here suggest that P. indica induces ethylene synthesis in barley and Arabidopsis roots during colonization. Moreover, impaired ethylene signaling resulted in reduced root colonization, Arabidopsis mutants exhibiting constitutive ethylene signaling, -synthesis or ethylene-related defense were hyper-susceptible to P. indica. Our data suggest that ethylene signaling is required for symbiotic root colonization by P. indica

Comparative Analysis of the Pathogen Structure in Patients with Community-Acquired and Nosocomial Pneumonia in Medical Organizations of the Rostov, Tyumen Regions and Khabarovsk Territory at the Current Stage of a New Coronavirus Infection Pandemic

The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the spectrum and antibiotic resistance of secondary pneumonia pathogens isolated in the territories of the Rostov, Tyumen Regions and Khabarovsk Territory against the background of a new coronavirus infection pandemic.Materials and methods. We investigated sputum samples from coronavirus-positive and coronavirus-negative patients with community-acquired pneumonia from medical organizations using bacteriological method, PCR mass spectrometry.Results and discussion. The study of the etiological structure of secondary pneumonia agents isolated from patients in medical organizations of the Southern, Ural and Far Eastern Federal Districts has revealed that the dominant cultures in SARS‑CoV‑2 “+” and SARS‑CoV‑2 “–” patients were yeast and yeast-like fungi. It has been found that under diversity of isolated fungi, Candida albicans species prevailed. The bacterial microflora is represented by a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, of which Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniaе were most often present in sputum. It has also been established that even before hospitalization of patients, community-acquired pneumonia could be caused by microorganisms of the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniaе, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.), which are usually considered as polyantibiotic-resistant pathogens of nosocomial infections. Moreover, in coronavirus-positive patients with secondary community-acquired pneumonia, those pathogens were isolated 2–3 times more frequently than in coronavirus-negative ones. Assessment of sensitivity/resistance of isolated strains to antibacterial drugs has revealed a general trend: the majority of the strains, regardless of the type, were characterized by a narrow spectrum of sensitivity, having 3 or more markers of antibiotic resistance. This confirms the necessity and expediency of microbiological support of the patient during the entire infectious process. The most adequate drugs of choice, providing activity against 60–70 % of strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family, are amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam

Potential health impacts of heavy metals on HIV-infected population in USA.

Noninfectious comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases have become increasingly prevalent and occur earlier in life in persons with HIV infection. Despite the emerging body of literature linking environmental exposures to chronic disease outcomes in the general population, the impacts of environmental exposures have received little attention in HIV-infected population. The aim of this study is to investigate whether individuals living with HIV have elevated prevalence of heavy metals compared to non-HIV infected individuals in United States. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010 to compare exposures to heavy metals including cadmium, lead, and total mercury in HIV infected and non-HIV infected subjects. In this cross-sectional study, we found that HIV-infected individuals had higher concentrations of all heavy metals than the non-HIV infected group. In a multivariate linear regression model, HIV status was significantly associated with increased blood cadmium (p=0.03) after adjusting for age, sex, race, education, poverty income ratio, and smoking. However, HIV status was not statistically associated with lead or mercury levels after adjusting for the same covariates. Our findings suggest that HIV-infected patients might be significantly more exposed to cadmium compared to non-HIV infected individuals which could contribute to higher prevalence of chronic diseases among HIV-infected subjects. Further research is warranted to identify sources of exposure and to understand more about specific health outcomes

Observation of an Excited Bc+ State

Using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.5 fb-1 recorded by the LHCb experiment at center-of-mass energies of s=7, 8, and 13 TeV, the observation of an excited Bc+ state in the Bc+π+π- invariant-mass spectrum is reported. The observed peak has a mass of 6841.2±0.6(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, where the last uncertainty is due to the limited knowledge of the Bc+ mass. It is consistent with expectations of the Bc∗(2S31)+ state reconstructed without the low-energy photon from the Bc∗(1S31)+→Bc+γ decay following Bc∗(2S31)+→Bc∗(1S31)+π+π-. A second state is seen with a global (local) statistical significance of 2.2σ (3.2σ) and a mass of 6872.1±1.3(stat)±0.1(syst)±0.8(Bc+) MeV/c2, and is consistent with the Bc(2S10)+ state. These mass measurements are the most precise to date