Finasteride 5 mg/day Treatment of Patterned Hair Loss in Normo-androgenetic Postmenopausal Women

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the standard treatment options for female pattern androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Efficacy of finasteride in women is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 5 mg/day oral finasteride in normoandrogenic postmenopausal woman. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 normoandrogenic postmenopausal women with AGA was enrolled in this study. They were treated with oral finasteride 5 mg/day for 18 months. Efficacy was evaluated by patient's satisfaction and global photograph assessment. All the 40 patients completed 18 months of finasteride treatment schedule. RESULTS: After 6 months, 22 patients referred significant improvement, 12 moderate improvement, and 6 no improvement. Regarding to global photo assessment, 8 patients showed no improvement, 16 showed moderate improvement and 16 showed significant improvements at the 6(th) month. A slight improvement was observed over time from 6 to 12 and 18 months observation. Maintained libido reduction was referred by four patients and liver enzymes increase was observed in one patient. Older patients were more prone to worse response. DISCUSSION: Finasteride 5 mg/day is effective and safe for the treatment of female AGA in postmenopausal women in the absence of clinical or laboratory signs of hyper-androgenism

Ultra-processed food consumption in Barbados: evidence from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study.

Our objective was to describe, for the first time in an English-speaking Caribbean country, the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to nutrients linked to non-communicable disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, dietary data were collected from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Recorded food items were then classified according to their degree of processing by the NOVA system. The present study took place in Barbados (2012-13). A representative population-based sample of 364 adult Barbadians (161 males and 203 females) aged 25-64 years participated in the study. UPFs represented 40⋅5 % (838 kcal/d; 95 % CI 791, 885) of mean energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages made the largest contribution to energy within the UPF category. Younger persons (25-44 years) consumed a significantly higher proportion of calories from UPF (NOVA group 4) compared with older persons (45-64 years). The mean energy shares of UPF ranged from 22⋅0 to 58⋅9 % for those in the lowest tertile to highest tertile. Within each tertile, the energy contribution was significantly higher in the younger age group (25-44 years) compared with the older (45-64 years). One-quarter of persons consume ≥50 % of their daily calories from UPF, this being significantly higher in younger persons. The ultra-processed diet fraction contained about six times the mean of free sugars and about 0⋅8 times the dietary fibre of the non-ultra-processed fraction (NOVA groups 1-3). Targeted interventions to decrease the consumption of UPF especially in younger persons is thus of high priority to improve the diet quality of Barbadians.This work was supported by the Ministry of Health and Wellness of the Government of Barbados

The use of histological analysis for the detection of somatic embryos in sugarcane

The aim of this study was to establish an in vitro system for the induction, maturation and regeneration of somatic embryo in sugarcane from buds of cultivar RB 867515. Embryogenic calluses were obtained on semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 4.42 mg L-1 2,4-D. After four weeks of culture of explants on the callus induction medium, globular structures were obtained. At the end of 20 days in maturation medium, somatic embryos were observed. Histological analysis showed somatic embryos with caulinarand root apex, protodermal tissue, and the vascular system, which  apparently has no connection with the vascular tissue explant that gave rise to it confirming the presence of the somatic embryo. The embryos were transferred to regeneration medium containing 1 mg L-1 GA3 and BAP, and after 1 to 2 weeks of culture, green points were observed, indicating the beginning of the formation of shoots. Key words: Saccharum spp, bud culture, 2.4-D, morphogenetic pathway, embryogenesis, plant regeneration

Pancreatite Aguda Necrosante — Caso Clínico

Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de Pancreatite Aguda Hemorrágica, de provável etiologia idiopática, numa criança de 10 meses, que se manifestou inicialmente por vómitos, e alteração do estado de consciência e posteriormente por abdómen agudo. O diagnóstico foi feito durante a laparotomia. Houve boa evolução clínica. Como complicações, refere-se o aparecimento de dois pseudoquistos pancreáticos que regrediram progressiva e espontaneamente

Modelling of a dynamic multiphase flash: the positive flash. Application to the calculation of ternary diagrams

A general and polyvalent model for the dynamic simulation of a vapor, liquid, liquid-liquid, vapor-liquid or vapor-liquid-liquid stage is proposed. This model is based on the -method introduced as a minimization problem by Han & Rangaiah (1998) for steady-state simulation. They suggested modifying the mole fraction summation such that the same set of governing equations becomes valid for all phase regions. Thanks to judicious additional switch equations, the -formulation is extended to dynamic simulation and the minimization problem is transformed into a set of differential algebraic equations (DAE). Validation of the model consists in testing its capacity to overcome phase number changes and to be able to solve several problems with the same set of equations: calculation of heterogeneous residue curves, azeotropic points and distillation boundaries in ternary diagrams

Drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions in polypharmacy among older adults: an integrative review

OBJECTIVE: To identify and summarize studies examining both drug-drug interactions (DDI) and adverse drug reactions (ADR) in older adults polymedicated. METHODS: An integrative review of studies published from January 2008 to December 2013, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, in MEDLINE and EMBASE electronic databases were performed. RESULTS: Forty-seven full-text studies including 14,624,492 older adults (≥ 60 years) were analyzed: 24 (51.1%) concerning ADR, 14 (29.8%) DDI, and 9 studies (19.1%) investigating both DDI and ADR. We found a variety of methodological designs. The reviewed studies reinforced that polypharmacy is a multifactorial process, and predictors and inappropriate prescribing are associated with negative health outcomes, as increasing the frequency and types of ADRs and DDIs involving different drug classes, moreover, some studies show the most successful interventions to optimize prescribing. CONCLUSIONS: DDI and ADR among older adults continue to be a significant issue in the worldwide. The findings from the studies included in this integrative review, added to the previous reviews, can contribute to the improvement of advanced practices in geriatric nursing, to promote the safety of older patients in polypharmacy. However, more research is needed to elucidate gaps

Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment Reduced Stroke Risk in Patients With Albuminuria in the SPRINT Trial

Background and Purpose- Albuminuria is associated with stroke risk among individuals with diabetes. However, the association of albuminuria with incident stroke among nondiabetic patients is less clear. Methods- We performed a post hoc analysis of the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), which examined the effect of higher versus lower intensity blood pressure management on mortality in 8913 participants without diabetes. We fit unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association of baseline albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g versus<30 mg/g) with stroke risk. We also assessed effect modification according to treatment arms. Results- Mean age was 68±9 years, 35% were female, and 30% were black. Median follow-up was 3.2 years, and 19% patients had baseline albuminuria. Incident stroke occurred in 129 individuals during follow-up. Albuminuria was associated with increased stroke risk (unadjusted hazard ratio, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.55-3.23; adjusted hazard ratio 1.73; 95% CI, 1.17-2.56). The association of albuminuria with incident stroke differed according to the randomized treatment arm (P interaction=0.03). In the intensive treatment arm, the association of albuminuria and stroke was nonsignificant (unadjusted hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.69-2.28), whereas, in the standard treatment arm, it was significant (unadjusted hazard ratio, 3.44; 95% CI, 2.11-5.61). Conclusions- In a post hoc analysis of SPRINT, baseline albuminuria (versus not) was associated with a higher risk of incident stroke, but this relationship appeared to be restricted to those in the standard treatment arm. Further studies are required to conclusively determine if reduction of albuminuria in itself is beneficial in reducing stroke risk. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01206062.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

OS FATORES AMBIENTAIS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O BAIXO PESO AO NASCER NO EXTREMO SUL DO BRASIL

&lt;!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:PT-BR; mso-fareast-language:PT-BR;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;} @page Section1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --&gt; The study of cases and check-ups performed in Rio Grande county/RS, aimed to evaluate Low Birth Weight (LBW) in newborns of mothers residing near the industrial section in the town, and thought to be exposed to environmental pollution. 547 mothers who gave birth in hospital maternity units were interviewed between April and November 2003. The sample was made up of 138 cases and 409 check-ups. The results show that the location of the mothers residence in the area in question showed a greater odds ratio to LBW both in the bivaried analysis (RO 1.87; IC95&nbsp;% 0.95-3.66) and the multivaried analysis (RO=4.67; IC95&nbsp;% 0.95-22.90), but the p values were closer to the established cut off point (p=0.067 and p=0.057, respectively). Thus a relation between exposure to pollutants and LBW is shown, although additional studies are needed to clarify this issue area. These results show that it is important for health care workers, and especially by nurses, to take into account environmental issues regarding planning, development and prenatal care of pregnant women, as well as extended assistance to their children after birth.Esta investigaci&oacute;n&nbsp; de casos y controles, realizada en el municipio de&nbsp; Rio Grande/RS, tuvo como objetivo evaluar el bajo peso al nacer (BPN) en reci&eacute;n-nacidos de madres que viven en las proximidades del &aacute;rea industrial de esta ciudad, consideradas m&aacute;s expuestas a la poluci&oacute;n ambiental. Participaron de la encuesta&nbsp; 547 madres que alumbraron en las maternidades en los meses de abril a noviembre de 2003.&nbsp; La muestra estuvo compuesta de 138 casos y 409 controles. Los resultados muestran que el lugar de la vivienda materna en el &aacute;rea expuesta present&oacute; razones de odds mayores para BPN tanto en el an&aacute;lisis bivariado (RO 1,87; IC95% 0,95-3,66), cuanto en el an&aacute;lisis multivariado&nbsp; (RO= 4,67; IC95% 0,95-22,90), pero los valores de p ubic&aacute;ndose mucho cerca del punto de corte establecido&nbsp; (p=0,067 e p=0,057, respectivamente). De esta forma, se ve que hay una relaci&oacute;n entre la exposici&oacute;n a contaminantes y BPN, pero son necesarios otros estudios para poder responder a esta cuesti&oacute;n con m&aacute;s claridad. Esos resultados muestran la necesidad de que la influencia ambiental sea considerada por parte de todo el grupo de salud, y por el enfermero en especial, tanto en lo que se refiere al planeamiento, desarrollo y acompa&ntilde;amiento&nbsp; pre-natal&nbsp; de las gestantes, como tambi&eacute;n, en el seguimiento de la asistencia a sus ni&ntilde;os despu&eacute;s del nacimiento &nbsp;Este estudo de casos e controles, realizado no munic&iacute;pio de Rio Grande/RS, teve como objetivo avaliar o baixo peso ao nascer (BPN) em rec&eacute;m-nascidos de m&atilde;es residentes nas proximidades da &aacute;rea industrial deste munic&iacute;pio, consideradas mais expostas &agrave; polui&ccedil;&atilde;o ambiental. Foram entrevistadas 547 m&atilde;es que deram &agrave; luz nas maternidades do munic&iacute;pio, durante os meses de abril a novembro de 2003. A amostra foi composta por 138 casos e 409 controles. Os resultados mostram que o local da resid&ecirc;ncia materna na &aacute;rea exposta apresentou raz&otilde;es de odds maiores para BPN tanto na an&aacute;lise bivariada (RO 1,87; IC95% 0,95-3,66), quanto na an&aacute;lise multivariada (RO= 4,67; IC95% 0,95-22,90), mas os valores de p situaram-se muito pr&oacute;ximos ao ponto de corte estabelecido (p=0,067 e p=0,057, respectivamente). Desta maneira, esbo&ccedil;a-se uma rela&ccedil;&atilde;o entre exposi&ccedil;&atilde;o a poluentes e BPN, mas s&atilde;o necess&aacute;rios outros estudos&nbsp; para poder responder a esta quest&atilde;o com maior clareza. Esses resultados mostram a necessidade de que a influ&ecirc;ncia ambiental seja considerada por parte de toda a equipe de sa&uacute;de, e pelo enfermeiro em especial, tanto no que se refere ao planejamento, desenvolvimento e acompanhamento pr&eacute;-natal das gestantes, como tamb&eacute;m, no seguimento da assist&ecirc;ncia de suas crian&ccedil;as, ap&oacute;s o nascimento. &nbsp