The Spectrum of Endoscopic Ultrasound Intervention in Biliary Diseases: A Single Center’s Experience in 31 Cases

Background and Aim. EUS-guided intervention (EGI) for biliary therapy has been increasingly used in recent years. This report aims to describe the spectrum and experience of EUS-guided interventions in biliary diseases in a single-tertiary center. Methods. All patients with EGI were analyzed retrospectively by retrieving data from a prospectively stored endoscopic database between January 2006 and September 2010. Results. There were 31 cases with EGIs (17 female, 14 male) with a mean age ± SD of 58.03 ± 16.89 years. The majority of cases (17/31; 55%) were ampullary or pancreatic cancers with obstructive jaundice. The major indications for EGI were obstructive jaundice (=16) and cholangitis (=9). The EGIs were technically successful in 24 of the 31 cases (77%). The success rate for the first 3 years was 8 of 13 procedures (61.5%) as compared to that of the last 2 years (16/18 procedures (89%); =0.072). Twenty-three of the 24 cases (96%) with technical success for stent placement also had clinical success in terms of symptom improvement. The complications were major in 4 (13%) and minor in 7 (23%) patients. Conclusion. The EUS-guided drainage for biliary obstruction, acute cholecystitis, bile leak, and biloma was an attractive alternative and should be handled in expert centers

The Practice of Endoscopy during the COVID-19 Pandemic:Recommendations from the Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE) In collaboration with the Endoscopy Nurse Society (Thailand)

For management of endoscopy units during the worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Thailand, a working group of the Thai Association for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (TAGE) in collaboration with the Endoscopy Nurse Society (Thailand) (ENST) has developed the following recommendations for Thai doctors and medical personnel working in gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) units. Upper and lower GIE is considered as an aerosol generating procedure (AGP). Information regarding chance of infection in patients must be obtained before performing endoscopy to help determine the level of risk. Endoscopies should only be performed in emergency/urgency cases. Hospitals that have no confirmed cases and do not have a high incidence in their coverage area may consider performing selective endoscopies. For the confirmed infected patient, the recommendations are as follows; the endoscopist who performed the procedure must be an experienced one, wear the enhanced personal protective equipment (PPE) with correct practice how to wear and take off PPE, and strict hand hygiene. The endoscopic procedure should be performed in a negative pressure room; however, If not available, a bedside procedure in the cohort ward should be performed. Endotracheal tube intubation and removal should be done by an anesthesiologist. Most enzymatic detergent solutions can eliminate SARS-CoV-2. The use of an additional pre-cleaning process in order to prevent AGP from occurring during endoscope reprocessing is recommended. Patient(s) under investigation (PUI) should wait for the test result before considering endoscopic procedure. For the low risk patient for COVID-19 infection who needs an endoscopic procedure, standard PPE is recommended. Due to the limitation of medical resources, only medical personnel who are necessary for the procedure and at risk of COVID-19 infection should be allowed to use the recommended PPE