Dove vuoi andare? Il processo di costruzione del senso di casa dei giovani migranti non accompagnati a Milano tra politiche pubbliche e pratiche di regolazione informale

Il lavoro di ricerca sui minori stranieri non accompagnati, in due diverse comunità a Milano, riguarda le forme in cui il sistema di accoglienza media la costruzione delle reti sociali dei migranti e quali effetti questo produce sul mondo in cui gli stessi costruiscono un progressivo rapporto con il contesto in cui si trovano a vivere. Come fanno, in altre parole, a sentirsi a casa. In questo processo, che coinvolge sia ambiti spaziali che relazionali, le comunità e le la rete dei servizi locali giocano un ruolo cruciale. Secondo Ambrosini (2011), infatti, forme di regolazione micro-sociale e informale tendono ad emergere laddove l’azione di altri attori - in particolare quelli pubblici - è carente. Tuttavia, se le pratiche informali consentono un accesso più veloce al mercato del lavoro e alla casa allo stesso tempo aumentano il rischio di risultare in forme di marginalità e ghettizzazione

Description Logics Approach to Semantic Matching of Web Services

As more resources and services become available on the Web, there is a growing need for infrastructures that, based on advertised descriptions, semantically match in a peer-to-peer way providers with requesters of web services. We address the problem of matchmaking of web services from a knowledge representation perspective. Based on our approach we propose match categorization in terms of exact match, potential match – when request and offer though not identical are compatible – and partial match – when one or more inconsistency is present – and rank of matches within categories. Then we report on our implementation of the proposed matchmaking framework in a prototype system

An Agency for Semantic-Based Automatic Discovery of Web-Services

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Arginine methylation of the B cell antigen receptor promotes differentiation

Signals processed through the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) control both the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. How these different signaling modes are established at the BCR is poorly understood. We show that a conserved arginine in the tail sequence of the Igα subunit of the BCR is methylated by the protein arginine methyltransferase 1. This modification negatively regulates the calcium and PI-3 kinase pathways of the BCR while promoting signals leading to B cell differentiation. Thus, Igα arginine methylation can play an important role in specifying the outcome of BCR signaling

NKG2D triggers cytotoxicity in mouse NK cells lacking DAP12 or Syk family kinases

In activated mouse natural killer (NK) cells, the NKG2D receptor associates with two intracellular adaptors, DAP10 and DAP12, which trigger phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and Syk family protein tyrosine kinases, respectively. Here we show that cytotoxicity, but not cytokine production, is triggered by NKG2D in activated NK cells lacking either DAP12 or the Syk family members Syk and ZAP70. Inhibition of PI3K blocks this cytotoxicity, suggesting that the DAP10-PI3K pathway is sufficient to initiate NKG2D-mediated killing of target cells. Our results highlight signaling divergence in the effector functions of NKG2D and indicate that alternative associations between a receptor and its adaptors may provide a single receptor with a dual 'on-switch', giving mouse NK cells more choices through which to trigger cytotoxicity

Enrichment of CD56dimKIR+CD57+ highly cytotoxic NK cells in tumor infiltrated lymph nodes of melanoma patients

An important checkpoint in the progression of melanoma is the metastasis to lymph nodes. Here, to investigate the role of lymph node NK cells in disease progression, we analyze frequency, phenotype and functions of NK cells from tumor-infiltrated (TILN) and tumor-free ipsilateral lymph nodes (TFLN) of the same patients. We show an expansion of CD56dimCD57dimCD69+CCR7+KIR+ NK cells in TILN. TILN NK cells display robust cytotoxic activity against autologous melanoma cells. In the blood of metastatic melanoma patients the frequency of NK cells expressing the receptors for CXCL8 receptor is increased compared to healthy subjects, and blood NK cells also express the receptors for CCL2 and IL6. These factors are produced in high amount in TILN and in vitro switch the phenotype of blood NK cells from healthy donors to the phenotype associated with TILN. Our data suggest that the microenvironment of TILN generates and/or recruits a particularly effective NK cell subset

Digital work engagement among Italian neurologists

Background: Digital health, including telemedicine, is increasingly recommended for the management of chronic neurological disorders, and it has changed the roles of patients and clinicians. Methods: In this cross-sectional study we aimed to investigate the digital work engagement of Italian neurologists through a survey collected between September 2020 and January 2021. Questionnaires were anonymous and collected demographic characteristics, attitudes towards digital devices and social media, and details about the clinician–patient relationship. We used logistic-regression models to identify characteristics associated with the propensity to communicate with patients using social media. Results: Among the 553 neurologists who participated to the study, smartphones and computers were widely preferred compared with tablets; wearable devices were not common, although some neurologists desired them. A total of 48% of participants reported communicating with patients using social media but only a few were in favor of social friendship with patients; WhatsApp was the social media most popular for professional (86%) and personal (98%) purposes. Propensity to communicate with social media was significantly higher among those who were older (p < 0.001) and lived in regions outside northern Italy (center: p = 0.006; south and the islands: p < 0.001). For 58% of responders, social media improved their relationship with patients, but 72% usually warned patients about unreliable websites. Conclusions: The preferred social media were those which were rapid and which safeguard privacy more effectively; neurologists made many efforts to disprove fake news circulating online, providing help to patients in various ways. This analysis can help direct future interventions for the management of chronic neurological disorders

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Anatomy of a murder (dissecting signal transduction pathways upon activation of murine Natural killer cells)

PARIS-BIUSJ-Thèses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF