124 research outputs found
Who\u27s Running This Operation?
Dr. Jacob V. Simons is professor of quantitative analysis, Georgia Southern University, College of Business Adminstration, Department of Finance & Quantitative Analysis, Statesboro, GA 30460-8151
Anchored Critical Percolation Clusters and 2-D Electrostatics
We consider the densities of clusters, at the percolation point of a
two-dimensional system, which are anchored in various ways to an edge. These
quantities are calculated by use of conformal field theory and computer
simulations. We find that they are given by simple functions of the potentials
of 2-D electrostatic dipoles, and that a kind of superposition {\it cum}
factorization applies. Our results broaden this connection, already known from
previous studies, and we present evidence that it is more generally valid. An
exact result similar to the Kirkwood superposition approximation emerges.Comment: 4 pages, 1 (color) figure. More numerics, minor corrections,
references adde
Twist operator correlation functions in O(n) loop models
Using conformal field theoretic methods we calculate correlation functions of
geometric observables in the loop representation of the O(n) model at the
critical point. We focus on correlation functions containing twist operators,
combining these with anchored loops, boundaries with SLE processes and with
double SLE processes.
We focus further upon n=0, representing self-avoiding loops, which
corresponds to a logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) with c=0. In this
limit the twist operator plays the role of a zero weight indicator operator,
which we verify by comparison with known examples. Using the additional
conditions imposed by the twist operator null-states, we derive a new explicit
result for the probabilities that an SLE_{8/3} wind in various ways about two
points in the upper half plane, e.g. that the SLE passes to the left of both
points.
The collection of c=0 logarithmic CFT operators that we use deriving the
winding probabilities is novel, highlighting a potential incompatibility caused
by the presence of two distinct logarithmic partners to the stress tensor
within the theory. We provide evidence that both partners do appear in the
theory, one in the bulk and one on the boundary and that the incompatibility is
resolved by restrictive bulk-boundary fusion rules.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure
Three novel rice genes closely related to the <em>Arabidopsis</em> <sub>9<em>IRX</em></sub>, <sub>9<em>IRXL</em></sub>, and<sub>14<em> IRX</em></sub> genes and their roles in xylan biosynthesis
Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth, and represents a major component of both dicot wood and the cell walls of grasses. Much knowledge has been gained from studies of xylan biosynthesis in the model plant, Arabidopsis. In particular, the irregular xylem (irx) mutants, named for their collapsed xylem cells, have been essential in gaining a greater understanding of the genes involved in xylan biosynthesis. In contrast, xylan biosynthesis in grass cell walls is poorly understood. We identified three rice genes Os07g49370 (OsIRX9), Os01g48440 (OsIRX9L), and Os06g47340 (OsIRX14), from glycosyltransferase family 43 as putative orthologs to the putative β-1,4-xylan backbone elongating Arabidopsis IRX9, IRX9L, and IRX14 genes, respectively. We demonstrate that the over-expression of the closely related rice genes, in full or partly complement the two well-characterized Arabidopsis irregular xylem (irx) mutants: irx9 and irx14. Complementation was assessed by measuring dwarfed phenotypes, irregular xylem cells in stem cross sections, xylose content of stems, xylosyltransferase (XylT) activity of stems, and stem strength. The expression of OsIRX9 in the irx9 mutant resulted in XylT activity of stems that was over double that of wild type plants, and the stem strength of this line increased to 124% above that of wild type. Taken together, our results suggest that OsIRX9/OsIRX9L, and OsIRX14, have similar functions to the Arabidopsis IRX9 and IRX14 genes, respectively. Furthermore, our expression data indicate that OsIRX9 and OsIRX9L may function in building the xylan backbone in the secondary and primary cell walls, respectively. Our results provide insight into xylan biosynthesis in rice and how expression of a xylan synthesis gene may be modified to increase stem strength
Hypoxia-Induced Intrauterine Growth Restriction Increases the Susceptibility of Rats to High-Fat Diet–Induced Metabolic Syndrome
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Regionally coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-marine biogeochemistry model ROM: 1. Description and validation
The general circulation models used to simulate global climate typically feature resolution too coarse to reproduce many smaller-scale processes, which are crucial to determining the regional responses to climate change. A novel approach to downscale climate change scenarios is presented which includes the interactions between the North Atlantic Ocean and the European shelves as well as their impact on the North Atlantic and European climate. The goal of this paper is to introduce the global ocean-regional atmosphere coupling concept and to show the potential benefits of this model system to simulate present-day climate. A global ocean-sea ice-marine biogeochemistry model (MPIOM/HAMOCC) with regionally high horizontal resolution is coupled to an atmospheric regional model (REMO) and global terrestrial hydrology model (HD) via the OASIS coupler. Moreover, results obtained with ROM using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and ECHAM5/MPIOM CMIP3 historical simulations as boundary conditions are presented and discussed for the North Atlantic and North European region. The validation of all the model components, i.e., ocean, atmosphere, terrestrial hydrology, and ocean biogeochemistry is performed and discussed. The careful and detailed validation of ROM provides evidence that the proposed model system improves the simulation of many aspects of the regional climate, remarkably the ocean, even though some biases persist in other model components, thus leaving potential for future improvement. We conclude that ROM is a powerful tool to estimate possible impacts of climate change on the regional scale
Complex type 4 structure changing dynamics of digital agents: Nash equilibria of a game with arms race in innovations
The new digital economy has renewed interest in how digital agents can innovate. This follows the legacy of John von Neumann dynamical systems theory on complex biological systems as computation. The Gödel-Turing-Post (GTP) logic is shown to be necessary to generate innovation based structure changing Type 4 dynamics of the Wolfram-Chomsky schema. Two syntactic procedures of GTP logic permit digital agents to exit from listable sets of digital technologies to produce novelty and surprises. The first is meta-analyses or offline simulations. The second is a fixed point with a two place encoding of negation or opposition, referred to as the Gödel sentence. It is postulated that in phenomena ranging from the genome to human proteanism, the Gödel sentence is a ubiquitous syntactic construction without which escape from hostile agents qua the Liar is impossible and digital agents become entrained within fixed repertoires. The only recursive best response function of a 2-person adversarial game that can implement strategic innovation in lock-step formation of an arms race is the productive function of the Emil Post [58] set theoretic proof of the Gödel incompleteness result. This overturns the view of game theorists that surprise and innovation cannot be a Nash equilibrium of a game
Unconfined Aquifer Flow Theory - from Dupuit to present
Analytic and semi-analytic solution are often used by researchers and
practicioners to estimate aquifer parameters from unconfined aquifer pumping
tests. The non-linearities associated with unconfined (i.e., water table)
aquifer tests makes their analysis more complex than confined tests. Although
analytical solutions for unconfined flow began in the mid-1800s with Dupuit,
Thiem was possibly the first to use them to estimate aquifer parameters from
pumping tests in the early 1900s. In the 1950s, Boulton developed the first
transient well test solution specialized to unconfined flow. By the 1970s
Neuman had developed solutions considering both primary transient storage
mechanisms (confined storage and delayed yield) without non-physical fitting
parameters. In the last decade, research into developing unconfined aquifer
test solutions has mostly focused on explicitly coupling the aquifer with the
linearized vadose zone. Despite the many advanced solution methods available,
there still exists a need for realism to accurately simulate real-world aquifer
tests
All-mass n-gon integrals in n dimensions
We explore the correspondence between one-loop Feynman integrals and
(hyperbolic) simplicial geometry to describe the "all-mass" case: integrals
with generic external and internal masses. Specifically, we focus on
-particle integrals in exactly space-time dimensions, as these integrals
have particularly nice geometric properties and respect a dual conformal
symmetry. In four dimensions, we leverage this geometric connection to give a
concise dilogarithmic expression for the all-mass box in terms of the
Murakami-Yano formula. In five dimensions, we use a generalized Gauss-Bonnet
theorem to derive a similar dilogarithmic expression for the all-mass pentagon.
We also use the Schl\"afli formula to write down the symbol of these integrals
for all . Finally, we discuss how the geometry behind these formulas depends
on space-time signature, and we gather together many results related to these
integrals from the mathematics and physics literature.Comment: 49 pages, 8 figure
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