Uso de surfactante pulmonar como factor protector de enterocolitis necrotizante en neonatos prematuros del Hospital Belén, Trujillo, 2008-2018

Objetivo: Determinar si el uso del surfactante pulmonar es un factor protector para la enterocolitis necrotizante en neonatos prematuros en el Hospital Belén de Trujillo 2008-2018. Métodos y procedimientos: Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, de casos y controles. La población estuvo conformada por los neonatos prematuros de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal del Hospital Belén de Trujillo durante el período 2008-2018. Se realizó un aleatorizado con 128 unidades de análisis divididas en 55 casos y 73 controles. Resultados: Del análisis estadístico se determinó que las variables sociodemográficas de peso, edad gestacional, APGAR 5’, uso de glucocorticoides, alimentación enteral no presentaron resultados estadísticamente significativos. Se encontró que aquellos pacientes que usaron surfactante pulmonar intratraqueal tuvieron 0.35 veces protección de tener ENC en comparación con los que no lo usaron (IC95% 0.44-0.97, p=0.036) Conclusiones: Se encontró que el uso de surfactante pulmonar es un factor protector para la enterocolitis necrotizante. Aquellos neonatos prematuros que recibieron surfactante intratraqueal presentaron protección de un 35% para no desarrollar enterocolitis necrotizante frente a los que no utilizaron surfactante intratraqueal.Objective: To determine if the use of pulmonary surfactant is a protective factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants in the Hospital Belen de Trujillo 2008-2018. Materials and Methods: Observational, analytical, transversal, retrospective study. The population consisted of premature neonates of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Belen de Trujillo Hospital during the 2013-2018 period. A randomization was performed with 146 analysis units divided into 73 cases and 73 controls. Results: From the statistical analysis it was determined that the sociodemographic variables of weight, gestational age, APGAR 5 ', use of glucocorticoids, enteral feeding did not show statistically significant results. It was found that those patients who used intratracheal pulmonary surfactant had 0.35 times protection from having ENC compared to those who do not use (95% CI 0.44-0.97, p = 0.036). Conclusions: It was found that the use of pulmonary surfactant is a protective factor for necrotizing enterocolitis. Those premature infants who received intratracheal surfactant had 35% protection to avoid developing necrotizing enterocolitis against those who did not use intratracheal surfactant.Tesi

La orientación deportiva en la educación física escolar

El tema principal que se trata en este trabajo es la Orientación Deportiva. Se desarrolla una propuesta de intervención educativa mediante una unidad didáctica para trabajar dicho tema dentro del contexto escolar, en concreto, en sexto curso. Esta unidad didáctica ha sido pensada y planificada para los alumnos del colegio C.C. Santamaría La Nueva y San José Artesano, en Burgos, donde también ha sido posible ponerla en práctica. Todo esto gracias a la realización de un previo análisis del contexto para poder adaptarlo a sus características, como pueden ser los espacios de los que dispone el centro, el material con el que cuenta o el número de alumnos que hay en cada grupo.The main topic treated in this project is the orienteering. This project is a design of educational intervention through a teaching unit, in order to implement orienteering inside the scholar context, in the sixth grade of Primary Education in particular. This teaching unit has been planned for the school ‘C.C. Santamaría La Nueva y San José Artesano’ in Burgos, where it was also possible to put it into practice. This project has been possible thanks to a previous analysis of the context and facilities of the school, so it could be adapted to all the characteristics of the scholar centre or the number of students per group.Grado en Educación Primari

ZONAS ECONÓMICAS ESPECIALES: CARTAGO Y EL TECNOLÓGICO DE COSTA RICA

The objective of this study is to deepen the results obtained to date in the Special Economic Zone of Cartago and the measures that can be taken to enhance its achievements. To carry out this study, the Knowledge Management and Generation Methodology was used. A review of the emergence of Special Economic Zones was carried out and the case of the Cartago Special Zone was selected for study, which was created in 2009 led by the Technological Institute of Cosa Rica and in coordination with its Liaison Center. Among its main results are the support in the installation of at least 25 new companies and the generation of more than 7000 new direct jobs. It is recommended that an action plan be carried out to overcome the results obtained by the year 2025, taking into account aspects such as innovation, quality systems, protection of the results obtained, and taking into account the 2030 Agenda and the Objectives of Sustainable development.El objetivo del presente estudio es profundizar en los resultados obtenidos hasta el presente en la Zona Económica Especial de Cartago y en las medidas que se puedan tomar para potenciar sus logros. Para la realización de este estudio se utilizó la Metodología de Gestión y Generación del Conocimiento. Se realizó una revisión del surgimiento de las Zonas Económicas Especiales y se seleccionó para su estudio el caso de la Zona Especial de Cartago, que se creó en el año 2009  liderado por el Tecnológico de Cosa Rica y con la coordinación de su Centro de Vinculación. Entre sus principales resultados se encuentran el apoyo en la instalación de al menos 25 empresas nuevas y la generación de más de 7000 nuevos empleos directos. Se recomienda realizar un plan de acción que permita superar los resultados obtenidos para el año 2025, teniendo en cuenta aspectos tales como la innovación, los sistemas de calidad, la protección de los resultados obtenidos, y tomar en consideración la Agenda 2030 y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible

Degradation of tetracyclines and sulfonamides by stevensite- and biochar-immobilized laccase systems and impact on residual antibiotic activity

BACKGROUND: Stevensite and biochar were investigated to covalently immobilize laccase from Myceliophthora thermophila (MtL) and Pleurotus eryngii (PeL) through the sequential application of aminopropyltriethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde. The immobilized preparations were tested to remove three tetracyclines and six sulfonamides at 0.1 mmol L−1 of each antibiotic. Degradation experiments were conducted both in the absence and in the presence (0.2 mmol L−1) of ABTS, 1-hydroxybenzotriazol (HBT), syringaldehyde or violuric acid. The residual antibiotic activity was tested towards five bacterial species and a bacterial consortium from wastewater. RESULTS: Higher values of activity yields (74% and 70.3%) and catalytic capabilities (1426 and 1405 IU g−1) were obtained with PeL on stevensite and biochar than with MtL. Stevensite enabled higher reusability and storage stability than biochar. Best removals of tetracyclines and sulfonamides were obtained with immobilized-laccase systems coupled to ABTS or syringaldehyde. Immobilized-laccase/ABTS systems removed 100% of tetracyclines while only chlortetracycline was completely removed in the presence of syringaldehyde. With ABTS, the most effectively removed sulfonamides were sulfathiazole and sulfadiazine (up to 100% and 54%), while syringaldehyde best supported the removal of sulfanilamide, sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole (up to 42%, 45% and 46%, respectively). In some cases, an effective antibiotics removal led to either low or no residual antibiotic activity. CONCLUSION: MtL and PeL were immobilized successfully on biochar and stevensite. The addition of either ABTS or syringaldehyde enhanced significant removals, up to 100%, of tetracyclines and sulfonamides by the immobilized laccase systems. Noteworthy, biochar-immobilized laccases/ABTS led to complete suppression of the antibiotic activity of tetracyclines. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Endogenous topoisomerase II-mediated DNA breaks drive thymic cancer predisposition linked to ATM deficiency

The ATM kinase is a master regulator of the DNA damage response to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and a well-established tumour suppressor whose loss is the cause of the neurodegenerative and cancer-prone syndrome Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T). A-T patients and Atm−/− mouse models are particularly predisposed to develop lymphoid cancers derived from deficient repair of RAG-induced DSBs during V(D)J recombination. Here, we unexpectedly find that specifically disturbing the repair of DSBs produced by DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) by genetically removing the highly specialised repair enzyme TDP2 increases the incidence of thymic tumours in Atm−/− mice. Furthermore, we find that TOP2 strongly colocalizes with RAG, both genome-wide and at V(D)J recombination sites, resulting in an increased endogenous chromosomal fragility of these regions. Thus, our findings demonstrate a strong causal relationship between endogenous TOP2-induced DSBs and cancer development, confirming these lesions as major drivers of ATM-deficient lymphoid malignancies, and potentially other conditions and cancer types.Junta de Andalucía SAF2010-21017, SAF2013-47343-P, SAF2014-55532-R, SAF2017-89619-R, CVI-7948European Research Council ERC-CoG-2014-64735

Implications of polluted soil biostimulation and bioaugmentation with spent mushroom substrate (Agaricus bisporus) on the microbial community and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation

Different applications of spent Agaricus bisporus substrate (SAS), a widespread agro-industrial waste, were investigated with respect to the remediation of a historically polluted soil with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH). In one treatment, the waste was sterilized (SSAS) prior to its application in order to assess its ability to biostimulate, as an organic amendment, the resident soil microbiota and ensuing contaminant degradation. For the other treatments, two bioaugmentation approaches were investigated; the first involved the use of the waste itself and thus implied the application of A. bisporus and the inherent microbiota of the waste. In the second treatment, SAS was sterilized and inoculated again with the fungus to assess its ability to act as a fungal carrier. All these treatments were compared with natural attenuation in terms of their impact on soil heterotrophic and PAH-degrading bacteria, fungal growth, biodiversity of soil microbiota and ability to affect PAH bioavailability and ensuing degradation and detoxification. Results clearly showed that historically PAH contaminated soil was not amenable to natural attenuation. Conversely, the addition of sterilized spent A. bisporus substrate to the soil stimulated resident soil bacteria with ensuing high removals of 3-ring PAH. Both augmentation treatments were more effective in removing highly condensed PAH, some of which known to possess a significant carcinogenic activity. Regardless of the mode of application, the present results strongly support the adequacy of SAS for environmental remediation purposes and open the way to an attractive recycling option of this wasteThis work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (Project CTM2009-13140-C02-02

Cirugía Bucal Ambulatoria en pacientes pediátricos: casuística del año 2000 en la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad de Barcelona

Objetivos: Este trabajo pretende demostrar que se pueden realizar la mayoría de las intervenciones quirúrgicas de la cavidad bucal en la población pediátrica en un medio ambulatorio, así como valorar y mostrar la actividad realizada en el Máster de Cirugía e Implantología Bucal de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Barcelona durante el año 2000. Diseño del estudio: Para la realización de este trabajo se ha contabilizado la actividad quirúrgica de las unidades de cirugía bucal y cirugía con láser en la población pediátrica en el Máster de Cirugía e Implantología Bucal de la Universidad de Barcelona. Resultados: De las 3187 intervenciones quirúrgicas realizadas en nuestro servicio, 489 fueron en pacientes menores de 18 años. La exodoncia quirúrgica de terceros molares inferiores fue la más frecuente (55Ê6%), seguida de otras extracciones dentarias (33Ê6%), quirúrgicas o no, y del resto de intervenciones (10Ê6%) que incluyeron: fenestraciones de caninos u otros dientes incluidos, exéresis de frenillos, de mucoceles y reubicaciones dentarias. Se presentaron complicaciones tras la extracción quirúrgica de los terceros molares en un 15Ê93% de los casos, siendo las más frecuentes el dolor (4Ê35%) y la tumefacción (4Ê35%), signos propios de la inflamación postoperatoria. Conclusiones: Nuestra experiencia muestra que la cirugía bucal ambulatoria puede practicarse de forma segura en la población pediátrica siempre y cuando se disponga de los medios y del personal sanitario adecuados.Aim: A study is made to show that most pediatric oral surgical interventions can be performed on a day case surgery or ambulatory basis, and to describe the activity of the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology (Barcelona University Dental School, Spain) in the year 2000. Design: The study documents the surgical activity of the Units of Oral Surgery and Laser Surgery in pediatric patients, in the context of the Master of Oral Surgery and Implantology (Barcelona University Dental School, Spain). Results: Of the 3187 operations carried out in our Service in this period, 489 involved patients under 18 years of age. The surgical removal of third molars was the most common intervention (55.6%), followed by other surgical or non-surgical tooth extractions (33.6%) and other interventions (10.6%) comprising fenestration of impacted canines or other teeth, frenectomies, the removal of mucoceles, and tooth relocations. Complications after surgical third molar extraction were recorded in 15.93% of cases the most frequent problem being the pain and swelling (4.35% each) characteristic of postoperative inflammation. Conclusions: Our experience shows that day case oral surgery can be safely performed in pediatric patients, provided the required means and health care personnel resources are available

Arte para todos. Proyecto de investigación y creación con personas con capacidades diversas

This paper presents the Art for All project, developed by the Patio Herreriano Museum in collaboration of the Occupational Center for people with diverse abilities of the city council of Valladolid. The project has as aim to encourage creativity, social integration, autonomy and self-esteem in people with intellectual disability through creative processes related to contemporary art.Este texto presenta el proyecto Arte para todos, desarrollado por el Museo Patio Herreriano en colaboración el Centro Ocupacional para personas con capacidades diversas del Ayuntamiento de Valladolid. El proyecto tiene como objetivo favorecer la creatividad, la integración social, la autonomía y la autoestima en personas con discapacidad intelectual, a través de procesos creativos relacionados con la creación artística contemporáne

Prescribed Burning and Clear-Cutting Effects on Understory Vegetation in a Pinus canariensis Stand (Gran Canaria)

[EN] Prescribed fires are a powerful tool for reducing fire hazards by decreasing amounts of fuel. The main objective is to analyze the effects of prescribed burning on the understory vegetation composition as well as on the soil characteristics of a reforested stand of Pinus canariensis. The study attempts to identify the effects of the preburning treatment of cutting understory vegetation on the floristic parameters of the vegetation community. This study was carried out for two years following a prescribed fire in a Canarian pine stand. Cutting and burning treatment affected species composition and increased diversity. Burnt and cut plots were characterized by a diverse array of herbaceous species and by a lower abundance of Teline microphylla (endemic legume), although burning apparently induced its germination. Cut treatment was more consistently differentiated from the control plots than burnt treatment. Soil K decreased after both treatments, pH slightly decreased after cutting, while P and Ca increased after fire. From an ecological point of view, prescribed burning is a better management practice than cutting the woody species of the understory. However, long-term studies would be necessary to evaluate the effects of fire intensity, season and frequency in which the prescribed burning is appliedSIConsejería de Medio Ambiente y Emergencias (Gran Canaria Council), especially UOFF and PRESA, for granting permission to work in Pinus canariensis forest, carrying out the prescribed fire, and partially supporting this study (CI02380503). They also thank the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (MEC) of the Spanish Government, which provided financial support by granting C. García a FPU (Formación de Profesorado Universitario, AP2005- 4736) predoctoral fellowshi

Can plasma α-Synuclein help us to differentiate parkinson’s disease from essential tremor?

Background: Studies have revealed controversial results regarding the diagnostic accuracy of plasma α-synuclein levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study was aimed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of plasma α-synuclein in PD versus healthy controls and patients with essential tremor (ET). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included de novo (n = 19) and advanced PD patients [OFF (n = 33), and On (n = 35) states], patients with ET (n = 19), and controls (n = 35). The total plasma α-synuclein levels were determined using an ELISA sandwich method. We performed adjusted multivariate regression analysis to estimate the association of α-synuclein levels with group conditions [controls, ET, and de novo, OFF and ON-PD]. We studied the diagnostic accuracy of plasma α-synuclein using the area under the curve (AUC). Results: The plasma α-synuclein levels were higher in controls compared to PD and ET (p < 0.0001), discriminating de novo PD from controls (AUC = 0.74, 95% CI 0.60–0.89), with a trend towards in advanced PD (OFF state) from ET (AUC = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53–0.84). Conclusions: This is the first study examining and comparing plasma α-synuclein levels in ET vs. PD and controls. Preliminary findings suggest that plasma α-synuclein levels might help to discriminate de novo and advanced PD from controls and ET.Junta de Castilla y León is acknowledged for funding through the Biomedicine open project call (Ref. BIO/BU06/14