A Multidimensional Framework of Collaborative Groups’ Disciplinary Engagement

Abstract This research is aimed at developing novel theory to advance innovative methods for examining how collaborative groups progress toward productively engaging during classroom activity that integrates disciplinary practices. This work draws on a situative perspective, along with prior framings of individual engagement, to conceptualize engagement as a shared and multidimensional phenomenon. A multidimensional conceptualization affords the study of distinct engagement dimensions, as well as the interrelationships of engagement dimensions that together are productive. Development and exploration of an observational rubric evaluating collaborative group disciplinary engagement (GDE) is presented, leveraging the benefits of observational methods with a rubric specifying quality ratings, enabling the potential for analyses of larger samples more efficiently than prior approaches, but with similar ability to richly characterize the shared and multidimensional nature of group engagement. Mixed-methods analyses, including case illustrations and profile analysis, showcase the synergistic interrelations among engagement dimensions constituting GDE. The rubric effectively captured engagement features that could be identified via intensive video analysis, while affording the evaluation of broader claims about group engagement patterns. Application of the rubric across curricular contexts, and within and between lessons across a curricular unit, will enable comparative studies that can inform theory about collaborative engagement, as well as instructional design and practice

TREASUREHUNT: Transients and Variability Discovered with HST in the JWST North Ecliptic Pole Time-domain Field

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) Time-domain Field (TDF) is a >14′ diameter field optimized for multiwavelength time-domain science with JWST. It has been observed across the electromagnetic spectrum both from the ground and from space, including with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). As part of HST observations over three cycles (the “TREASUREHUNT” program), deep images were obtained with the Wide Field Camera on the Advanced Camera for Surveys in F435W and F606W that cover almost the entire JWST NEP TDF. Many of the individual pointings of these programs partially overlap, allowing an initial assessment of the potential of this field for time-domain science with HST and JWST. The cumulative area of overlapping pointings is ∼88 arcmin2, with time intervals between individual epochs that range between 1 day and 4+ yr. To a depth of m AB ≃ 29.5 mag (F606W), we present the discovery of 12 transients and 190 variable candidates. For the variable candidates, we demonstrate that Gaussian statistics are applicable and estimate that ∼80 are false positives. The majority of the transients will be supernovae, although at least two are likely quasars. Most variable candidates are active galactic nuclei (AGNs), where we find 0.42% of the general z ≲ 6 field galaxy population to vary at the ∼3σ level. Based on a 5 yr time frame, this translates into a random supernova areal density of up to ∼0.07 transients arcmin−2 (∼245 deg−2) per epoch and a variable AGN areal density of ∼1.25 variables arcmin−2 (∼4500 deg−2) to these depths

In Support of a Patient-Driven Initiative and Petition to Lower the High Price of Cancer Drugs

Comment in Lowering the High Cost of Cancer Drugs--III. [Mayo Clin Proc. 2016] Lowering the High Cost of Cancer Drugs--I. [Mayo Clin Proc. 2016] Lowering the High Cost of Cancer Drugs--IV. [Mayo Clin Proc. 2016] In Reply--Lowering the High Cost of Cancer Drugs. [Mayo Clin Proc. 2016] US oncologists call for government regulation to curb drug price rises. [BMJ. 2015

Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in neonates reveals widespread differential DNA methylation associated with birthweight

Birthweight is associated with health outcomes across the life course, DNA methylation may be an underlying mechanism. In this meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of 8,825 neonates from 24 birth cohorts in the Pregnancy And Childhood Epigenetics Consortium, we find that DNA methylation in neonatal blood is associated with birthweight at 914 sites, with a difference in birthweight ranging from -183 to 178 grams per 10% increase in methylation (P-Bonferroni <1.06 x 10(-7)). In additional analyses in 7,278 participants,Peer reviewe

Behavioural and Developmental Interventions for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Clinical Systematic Review

Background: Much controversy exists regarding the clinical efficacy of behavioural and developmental interventions for improving the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We conducted a systematic review to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of behavioural and developmental interventions for ASD. Methods and Findings: Comprehensive searches were conducted in 22 electronic databases through May 2007. Further information was obtained through hand searching journals, searching reference lists, databases of theses and dissertations, and contacting experts in the field. Experimental and observational analytic studies were included if they were written in English and reported the efficacy of any behavioural or developmental intervention for individuals with ASD. Two independent reviewers made the final study selection, extracted data, and reached consensus on study quality. Results were summarized descriptively and, where possible, meta-analyses of the study results were conducted. One-hundred-and-one studies at predominantly high risk of bias that reported inconsistent results across various interventions were included in the review. Meta-analyses of three controlled clinical trials showed that Lovaas treatment was superior to special education on measures of adaptive behaviour, communication and interaction, comprehensive language, daily living skills, expressive language, overall intellectual functioning and socialization. High-intensity Lovaas was superior to low-intensity Lovaas on measures of intellectual functioning in two retrospective cohort studies. Pooling the results of two randomized controlle

Effects of local habitat variation on the behavioral ecology of two sympatric groups of brown howler monkey (alouatta clamitans)

Although the brown howler monkey (Alouatta clamitans) is a relatively well-studied Neotropical primate, its behavioral and dietary flexibility at the intra-population level remains poorly documented. This study presents data collected on the behavior and ecology of two closely located groups of brown howlers during the same period at the RPPN Feliciano Miguel Abdala in southeastern Brazil. One group occupied a primary valley habitat, henceforth the Valley Group (VG), and the other group occupied a regenerating hillside habitat, the Hill Group (HG). We hypothesized differences in the behavior and ecological parameters between these sympatric groups due to the predicted harsher conditions on the hillside, compared to the valley. We measured several habitat parameters within the home range of both groups and collected data on the activity budget, diet and day range lengths, from August to November 2005, between dawn and dusk. In total, behavioral data were collected for 26 (318 h) and 28 (308 h) sampling days for VG and HG, respectively. As we predicted, HG spent significantly more time feeding and consumed less fruit and more leaves than VG, consistent with our finding that the hillside habitat was of lower quality. However, HG also spent less time resting and more time travelling than VG, suggesting that the monkeys had to expend more time and energy to obtain high-energy foods, such as fruits and flowers that were more widely spaced in their hill habitat. Our results revealed that different locations in this forest vary in quality and raise the question of how different groups secure their home ranges. Fine-grained comparisons such as this are important to prioritize conservation and management areas within a reserve

Panel 2: The Early Years of Coeducation

Moderator: Nancy Frankenberry (REL) Panelists: Brenda Silver (ENGL) and Lynn Higgins (COLT, FRIT, Dean emerita) Mary Hudson (PHYS) Deborah King (SOC) Nancy Frankenberry is the John Phillips Professor in Religion Emerita. She was the first woman hired in the Religion Department, the first woman tenured in the Religion Department, and the first female chair of that department. Since retiring from the teaching portion of her career in 2015, she has served as President of the Metaphysical Society of America (2017) and President of the Institute for American Religious and Philosophical Thought (2016-2020). Her most recent publications are “Contingency After Nagarjuna and Rorty,” Review of Metaphysics (March 2019); “Map is Not Territory, Menu is Not Meal,” Method and Theory in the Study of Religion 31 (2019); “The Fate of Radical Empiricism and the Future of Pragmatic Naturalism,” in Pragmatism and Naturalism: Scientific and Social Inquiry After Representationalism, ed. Matthew C. Bagger (Columbia University Press 2018); and “Naturalisms, Ineffability Claims, and Symbolic Meanings,” in The Question of Methodological Naturalism, ed. Jason N. Blum (Brill 2018). Her chapter “Wildman’s Eff’ing Symbology” is forthcoming in a volume on Religion in Multidisciplinary Perspective (2020). Brenda R. Silver is Mary Brinsmead Wheelock Professor Emerita at Dartmouth College; she also held the position of Adjunct Professor of English at Trinity College Dublin. She joined the English Department at Dartmouth in 1972, the first year of co-education, and was one of the original founders of the Women and Gender Studies Program. She has taught courses on Twentieth-Century British Fiction, Postmodern Fiction, Popular Fiction, Cyberculture, and, always, Virginia Woolf. Her publications include Virginia Woolf\u27s Reading Notebooks, Virginia Woolf Icon, and Rape and Representation, edited with Lynn A. Higgins, as well as articles on Woolf, Charlotte Bronté, E.M. Forster, John Le Carré, textual editing, anger, hypertext, popular fiction in the digital age, and other contemporary literary and cultural narratives. Lynn A. Higgins is the Edward Tuck Professor of French Studies at Dartmouth College. With a B.A. from Oberlin College and a PhD from the University of Minnesota, she arrived at Dartmouth in 1976, just one month after the first co-educational class graduated. She was one of the original co-founders of the Women’s Studies Program, and co-taught its first course. With Brenda R. Silver, she launched the Feminist Inquiry Faculty Seminar in 1977 and directed a Humanities Institute on Gender and War in 1990. She teaches courses on 20th- and 21st century French literature and cinema, including a course on French women filmmakers. She served for eleven years as chair of her department and from 2011 to 2016 as Associate Dean of the Faculty for Interdisciplinary Programs and International Studies. Her publications include New Novel, New Wave, New Politics: Fiction and the Representation of History in Postwar France; Bertrand Tavernier; Rape and Representation, co-edited with Brenda R. Silver, and articles on an array of topics including documentary film, gender and humor, and gender and war (World War II and the French war in Algeria), and cultural figures such as Chantal Akerman, Roland Barthes, Marguerite Duras, Diane Kurys, Patrick Modiano, Alain Resnais, and others. Mary K. Hudson, Space Physicist, PhD UCLA 1974, is Professor of Physics and Astronomy Emerita and served for eight years as Chair of Physics and Astronomy at Dartmouth College. She is currently a Senior Research Associate at the High Altitude Observatory at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, CO. Hudson is a co-principal Investigator on two experiments on the NASA Van Allen Probes satellites designed to study earth\u27s radiation belts, and on the Balloon Array for Radiation-belt Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL) along with Professor Robyn Millan of the Physics and Astronomy Department at Dartmouth. Hudson and her students study the weather patterns that originate from solar eruptions, following the energy and mass transfer through the interplanetary medium, all the way to the earth\u27s ionosphere. Current areas of investigation include the evolution of the radiation belts; how the ionized particle outflow known as the solar wind and the magnetic field of the sun interact with the magnetic field of the earth, producing electrical currents in the ionosphere; and the effects of solar cosmic rays on radio communications near the earth’s poles. Professor Hudson is also funded through NSF to study solar energetic particles and their access to the atmosphere. Deborah K. King. Born in Kansas City, Missouri during the early 1950s, Associate Professor King has been a beneficiary of the civil rights and women movements’ successful court cases, legislative battles and protest demonstrations. From racially segregated public schools, she earned her B. A. from Northwestern University in Evanston, IL and her Ph. D. in Sociology from Yale University. Professor King’s scholarly interests encompass law and social control; race, class and gender intersections; and historical/cultural sociology. Those scholarly endeavors have always worked synergistically with her efforts toward institutional and social change. While completing her dissertation research on the federal enforcement of affirmative action employment policies in higher education, she co-organized a group of Yale law and graduate students who wrote an amicus curiae brief for the 1978 Bakke case. Her Signs article, Multiple Jeopardy, Multiple Consciousness: The Context of Black Feminist Ideology, has become a classic and helped lay the conceptual foundation for intersectionality. During the 1991 congressional confirmation hearings for Clarence Thomas, Professor King along with historians Elsa Barkley Brown and Barbara Ransby organized a nation-wide campaign to challenge the misrepresentations of Black women that arose with Anita Hill\u27s allegations of sexual harassment. Within weeks – and long before cell phones and social media -- 1,500 Black women signed the “Statement of African American Women in Defense of Ourselves (AAWIDO)” and raised over $50,000 for a full one-page ad in the New York Times plus major African American and other newspapers. More recent scholarship examines the role of First Lady Michelle Obama as an “othermother,” and the survival strategies of Black women beauticians during the great recession. One of the never-ending projects is an analysis of the popular visual representations of prisons and correctional ideology as presented on picture postcards during the late 19th - early 20th century. Currently, her energies are focused on one project: the recovery of Dartmouth\u27s relationships with the institution of slavery. Previous students in the course have established a website and conducted a campus walking tour of relevant sites. The term’s seminar is preparing an exhibition in Rauner Library for the winter term. Professor King’s related research examines the representations of Black women, enslaved and formerly enslaved, who are esteemed in the early histories of elite colleges, including Dartmouth, Bowdoin, Princeton, Harvard and Yale. She has been on the Dartmouth faculty since 1980, where she was the first African American woman to gain tenure. She has chaired both the Sociology and African & African American Studies Program, and served on steering and personnel committees of Women, Gender & Sexuality Studies as well as AAAS; as a committee member and mentor for both the Mellon-Mays Undergraduate Fellowship and the Chavez-Eastman-Marshall Dissertation Fellowships. As an officer of the Dartmouth Black Caucus, she was pivotal in leading its efforts to establish the E. E. Just 1907 Professorship in honor of a pioneering cellular biologist and one of Dartmouth\u27s early Black graduates. For more than forty years, she has participated in varied initiatives to recruit historically excluded groups into academic careers and to support their professional development and success. Preparing the way for the next generations of scholars of color and women has been an enduring professional commitment and a great joy