Influência da heurística comportamental nas decisões de compras imobiliárias

Diante do aumento da oferta de imóveis residenciais para venda e locação na cidade de Porto Alegre, este trabalho busca conhecer o efeito da influência das heurísticas comportamentais nas decisões por compra financiada ou aluguel. Inicialmente, o comportamento do consumidor e a Teoria dos Prospectos de Kahneman e Tversky (1979) foram explorados. Para atingir os objetivos do estudo, foi realizado um experimento quantitativo com 160 estudantes da Escola de Administração da UFRGS. O experimento envolvia quatro modelos de questionários, cada um deles contendo a mesma informação a respeito do custo de cada opção e uma informação heurística diferente envolvendo confiabilidade em formadores de opinião leigos e especialistas, e efeito framing (estrutura positiva ou negativa da informação), além de um espaço para que os participantes colocassem os motivos de suas escolhas. Após a coleta de dados e análise de resultados, constatou-se que informações heurísticas relativas ao efeito framing e confiabilidade não foram capazes de influenciar significativamente as decisões dos participantes. Os resultados e a análise dos motivos apresentados demonstram que a maioria dos entrevistados prefere comprar um imóvel e que esta decisão está mais ligada a fatores emocionais e culturais. Em relação aos que optaram pelo aluguel, sua decisão está mais relacionada a fatores racionais, de decisão de investimento.Due to increase in supply for residential properties regarding to sale and lease in the city of Porto Alegre, this work aims to understand the effect of behavioral heuristics over decisions for mortgage based purchase versus rental. Initially, the consumer behavior and the Prospect Theory of Kahneman and Tversky (1979) were explored. To reach the study’s objectives, a quantitative experiment was carried out with 160 students from the UFRGS Business School. The experiment involved four models of questionnaires, each one containing the same information about the capital cost of each option and a different heuristic information involving experts opinion, and the framing effect (positive or negative structure of information), besides a space where the participants could explain the reasons of their choices. After data collection and analysis of results, it was verified that heuristic information over the framing effect and reliability were not able to significantly influence the participants’ decisions. The results and the analysis of the reasons show that the majority of interviewees prefer to buy a property and that this decision is more linked to emotional and cultural factors. As for those who prefer to rent, their decision is more related to rationality, investment decision factors

Enfermagem obstétrica: contribuições às metas dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio

Objetivo: Caracterizar e analisar a assistência ao parto e ao nascimento realizada por Residentes em Enfermagem Obstétrica.Método: Estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo de 189 partos normais assistidos por Residentes em Enfermagem Obstétrica, no período de julho de 2013 a junho de 2014, em uma maternidade localizada no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta dos dados deu-se atravésde levantamento de informações dos prontuários clínicos e, para a análise, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva.Resultados: Constatou-se o amplo uso de métodos não invasivos e não farmacológicos de alívio da dor e a liberdade de posição durante o trabalho de parto. Destaca-se que 55,6% das mulheres não foram submetidas a nenhuma intervenção obstétrica.Conclusões: Foi possível identificar que o Programa de Residência em Enfermagem possibilita a redução de intervenções obstétricas, refletindo diretamente na melhoria da saúde materna.Palavras-chave: Obstetrícia. Enfermeiras obstétricas. Parto. Parto humanizado. Saúde materno-infantil. Internato não médico. Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio

Dynamics and determinants of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing on symptomatic individuals attending healthcare centers during 2020 in Bahia, Brazil

RT-PCR testing data provides opportunities to explore regional and individual determinants of test positivity and surveillance infrastructure. Using Generalized Additive Models, we explored 222,515 tests of a random sample of individuals with COVID-19 compatible symptoms in the Brazilian state of Bahia during 2020. We found that age and male gender were the most significant determinants of test positivity. There was evidence of an unequal impact among socio-demographic strata, with higher positivity among those living in areas with low education levels during the first epidemic wave, followed by those living in areas with higher education levels in the second wave. Our estimated probability of testing positive after symptom onset corroborates previous reports that the probability decreases with time, more than halving by about two weeks and converging to zero by three weeks. Test positivity rates generally followed state-level reported cases, and while a single laboratory performed ~90% of tests covering ~99% of the state's area, test turn-around time generally remained below four days. This testing effort is a testimony to the Bahian surveillance capacity during public health emergencies, as previously witnessed during the recent Zika and Yellow Fever outbreaks

Milk production systems retated momba?a grass

Todos os textos, informa??es e resultados apresentados s?o de inteira responsabilidade dos autores.A produ??o animal em pastagens apresenta vantagens em rela??o aos outros sistemas de produ??o. Geralmente, o pasto ? o alimento mais vi?vel economicamente para a alimenta??o de ruminantes. O capim-momba?a ? uma cultivar de Panicum maximum nativa da ?frica, essa cultivar apresenta desenvolvimento satisfat?rio em sistemas de manejo mais intensivos e com altas taxas de lota??o. Por?m, para garantir a produtividade animal, a fisiologia da forrageira deve ser respeitada com auxilio das alturas de entrada de sa?da adequadas a cada esp?cie.Livestock production in pastures has advantages over other production systems. Generally, the grass is the most economically viable food for feeding to ruminants. The momba?a is a cultivar of Panicum maximum native to Africa, this cultivar has developed satisfactorily in more intensive management systems and high stocking rates. However, to ensure animal productivity, forage physiology must be respected with the aid of input output heights appropriate to each species

Genome of the Avirulent Human-Infective Trypanosome—Trypanosoma rangeli

Background: Trypanosoma rangeli is a hemoflagellate protozoan parasite infecting humans and other wild and domestic mammals across Central and South America. It does not cause human disease, but it can be mistaken for the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi. We have sequenced the T. rangeli genome to provide new tools for elucidating the distinct and intriguing biology of this species and the key pathways related to interaction with its arthropod and mammalian hosts.  Methodology/Principal Findings: The T. rangeli haploid genome is ,24 Mb in length, and is the smallest and least repetitive trypanosomatid genome sequenced thus far. This parasite genome has shorter subtelomeric sequences compared to those of T. cruzi and T. brucei; displays intraspecific karyotype variability and lacks minichromosomes. Of the predicted 7,613 protein coding sequences, functional annotations could be determined for 2,415, while 5,043 are hypothetical proteins, some with evidence of protein expression. 7,101 genes (93%) are shared with other trypanosomatids that infect humans. An ortholog of the dcl2 gene involved in the T. brucei RNAi pathway was found in T. rangeli, but the RNAi machinery is non-functional since the other genes in this pathway are pseudogenized. T. rangeli is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, a phenotype that may be explained by a smaller number of anti-oxidant defense enzymes and heatshock proteins.  Conclusions/Significance: Phylogenetic comparison of nuclear and mitochondrial genes indicates that T. rangeli and T. cruzi are equidistant from T. brucei. In addition to revealing new aspects of trypanosome co-evolution within the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, comparative genomic analysis with pathogenic trypanosomatids provides valuable new information that can be further explored with the aim of developing better diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic targets

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design

The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development