Morphophysiological characteristics of okra plants submitted to saline stress in soil with organic fertilizer

The excess of salts may compromise the growth and physiological functions of plants, but the use of bovine organic fertilizer can mitigate these effects. It was intended was to evaluate the saline stress in soil with and without bovine organic fertilizer on the initial growth, the accumulation of biomass and the gas exchanges of the okra culture. The test was conducted at the UNILAB’s experimental farm, in Piroás, in Redenção – CE city. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with five replications, in a 5 x 2 factorial concerning five irrigation water salinity levels (1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1), in the presence and absence of bovine organic fertilizer. Plant height, stem diameter, root length, a dry mass of shoot, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance were evaluated. The bovine organic fertilizer promoted better means in initial growth and biomass in okra plants compared to the control treatment, thus showing efficiency in the attenuation of the salts present in irrigation water. The increase in the saline concentration of the irrigation water reduced the gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) in okra plants. Nonetheless, in smaller proportions in the soil with the bovine organic fertilizer.The excess of salts may compromise the growth and physiological functions of plants, but the use of bovine organic fertilizer can mitigate these effects. It was intended was to evaluate the saline stress in soil with and without bovine organic fertilizer on the initial growth, the accumulation of biomass and the gas exchanges of the okra culture. The test was conducted at the UNILAB’s experimental farm, in Piroás, in Redenção – CE city. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design with five replications, in a 5 x 2 factorial concerning five irrigation water salinity levels (1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1), in the presence and absence of bovine organic fertilizer. Plant height, stem diameter, root length, a dry mass of shoot, photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance were evaluated. The bovine organic fertilizer promoted better means in initial growth and biomass in okra plants compared to the control treatment, thus showing efficiency in the attenuation of the salts present in irrigation water. The increase in the saline concentration of the irrigation water reduced the gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration) in okra plants. Nonetheless, in smaller proportions in the soil with the bovine organic fertilizer

Growth of yellow passion-fruit seedlings in different substrates under salt stress

Salt stress can negatively affect the development of seedlings. However, the use of alternative substrates can mitigate these effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth of yellow passion-fruit seedlings in response to irrigation with saline water grown on different substrates. The experiment was developed at the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusofonia, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely randomized, in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement, composed of two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.3 and 3.0 dS m-1) and five substrate types (S1 = soil; S2 = sand, sandy soil, and bovine manure – 1:1:1; S3 = sand, sandy soil, and carbonized rice husk – 1:1:1; S4 = sand, sandy soil, and biochar – 1:1:1; S5 = sand, sandy soil, and vegetal ash – 1:1:1), with five replications. The S2 substrate containing sand, sandy soil, and bovine manure promoted higher performance of seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, and total dry mass associated with low salinity water. The S2 substrate was more efficient for leaf area, while S4 substrate was more efficient for number of leaves, root length, and pH. The S1 and S2 substrates presented higher electrical conductivity of the saturation extract using water of higher conductivity.Salt stress can negatively affect the development of seedlings. However, the use of alternative substrates can mitigate these effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth of yellow passion-fruit seedlings in response to irrigation with saline water grown on different substrates. The experiment was developed at the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusofonia, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely randomized, in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement, composed of two levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.3 and 3.0 dS m-1) and five substrate types (S1 = soil; S2 = sand, sandy soil, and bovine manure – 1:1:1; S3 = sand, sandy soil, and carbonized rice husk – 1:1:1; S4 = sand, sandy soil, and biochar – 1:1:1; S5 = sand, sandy soil, and vegetal ash – 1:1:1), with five replications. The S2 substrate containing sand, sandy soil, and bovine manure promoted higher performance of seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, and total dry mass associated with low salinity water. The S2 substrate was more efficient for leaf area, while S4 substrate was more efficient for number of leaves, root length, and pH. The S1 and S2 substrates presented higher electrical conductivity of the saturation extract using water of higher conductivity

Neoplasias do sistema reprodutor: análise da compreensão e enfrentamento em homens e mulheres

Objetivo: Analisar a compreensão e as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas por homens e mulheres frente ao adoecimento de neoplasias do sistema reprodutor. Metodologia: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa com a participação de 20 sujeitos hospitalizados para tratamento quimioterápico. As informações foram coletadas por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, as quais foram organizadas e analisadas pela técnica de Análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Foram seguidas as recomendações éticas mediante o parecer 179/08. Resultados: mediante os discursos dos depoentes emergiram três discursos-síntese, ancorados nas seguintes ideias centrais: masculinidade e câncer; feminilidade e câncer; e, adaptação e superação. Nota-se que as mulheres demonstraram maior capacidade de adaptação e superação frente ao diagnóstico, enquanto os homens percebem a doença como perda da virilidade e da essência do ser homem. Considerações finais: são divergentes as repercussões provocadas pelas neoplasias do sistema reprodutor em homens e mulheres, o que provoca estratégias diferentes de enfrentamento e compreensão da doença.Objetivo: analizar la comprensión y las estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas por los hombres y las mujeres contra la enfermedad de los tumores del sistema reproductivo. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de enfoque cualitativo con la participación de 20 personas hospitalizadas por la quimioterapia. La información se recogió a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas, organizadas y analizadas por la técnica de análisis de discurso del sujeto colectivo. Les siguieron las recomendaciones éticas por parte de la opinión 179/08. Resultados: de los discursos de los deponentes surgieron tres discursos sintéticos, anclados en las siguientes ideas básicas: la masculinidad y el cáncer; la feminidad y el cáncer; y la adaptación y la superación. Tomar nota de que las mujeres demostraron una mayor capacidad de adaptarse y superar cuando el diagnóstico que los hombres perciben la condición como la pérdida de la virilidad y la esencia de ser hombre. Consideraciones finales: son divergentes repercusiones causadas por cánceres del sistema reproductivo en los hombres y mujeres, lo que provoca diferentes estrategias de afrontamiento y comprensión de la enfermedad.Objective: To analyze the understanding and coping strategies adopted by men and women against the disease of the reproductive system neoplasms. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative study involving 20 subjects hospitalized for chemotherapy. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews, which were organized and analyzed by the collective subject discourse analysis technique. Were followed by the ethics opinion 179/08. Results: by the speeches of the interviewees revealed three synthetic discourses, anchored on the following core ideas: masculinity and cancer; femininity and cancer; and adapt and overcome. To note that women demonstrated greater ability to adapt and overcome facing the diagnosis, while men perceive the disease as loss of virility and the essence of the man. Final thoughts: are divergent repercussions caused by cancers of the reproductive system in men and women, which causes different coping strategies and understanding of the disease

IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA E USO DE SUBSTRATOS NA CULTURA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI

Objetivou-se avaliar a interação entre diferentes níveis salinos e substratos sob o crescimento inicial, o acúmulo de biomassa e as trocas gasosas da cultura do feijão-caupi. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (5 x 2), com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por substratos inseridos ao solo (T1- biocarvão + solo na proporção 1:1; T2- solo (testemunha); T3- adubação mineral; T4- casca de arroz carbonizada + carnaúba + solo na proporção 2:1:1 e S5- casca de arroz carbonizada + solo na proporção 1:1), e duas águas de irrigação (1,0 e 4,0 dS m-1). Aos 40 dias após a semeadura (DAS) foram avaliados: número de folhas (NF), altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do caule (DC), área foliar (AF), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) e total (MST), fotossíntese (A), transpiração (E) e condutância estomática (gs). A água de alta salinidade afetou negativamente a AP, DC, MSPA e a gs das plantas. Os tratamentos T4 e T5 promoveram maior NF e A quando combinado com água não salina. Os tratamentos T4 e T5 proporcionaram maiores valores de gs e E. Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata L. Walp; salinidade; adubação.   Influence of saline stress and fertilizers on caupi bean crop   ABSTRACT: The objective was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on the initial growth, on the accumulation of biomass and on the gas exchange of the cowpea culture submitted to different substrates. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará. The design used was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (5 x 2), with four replications. The treatments consisted of substrates inserted in the soil (T1- biochar + soil in the proportion 1: 1; T2- soil (control); T3- mineral fertilization; T4- carbonized rice husk + carnauba + soil in the proportion 2: 1: 1 and S5- carbonized rice husk + soil in a 1: 1 ratio), and two irrigation waters (1.0 and 4.0 dS m-1). At 40 days after sowing (DAS), the following were evaluated: number of leaves (NF), plant height (AP), stem diameter (DC), leaf area (AF), shoot dry matter (MSPA) and total (MST), photosynthesis (A), transpiration (E) and stomatal conductance (gs). High salinity water negatively affected AP, DC, MSPA and plant gas. The treatments T4 and T5 promoted greater NF and A when combined with non-saline water. The treatments T4 and T5 provided higher values of gs and E. Keywords: Vigna unguiculata L. Walp; salinity; fertilization

III Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Crônica

Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreUniversidade de Pernambuco Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de PernambucoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de MedicinaFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoFundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de CardiologiaRede Labs D'OrUniversidade Federal FluminenseUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de Ciencias MédicasInstituto Dante Pazzanese de CardiologiaSanta Casa de MisericórdiaUniversidade de Pernambuco Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de PernambucoHospital Pró CardíacoHospital de MessejanaPontifícia Universidade Católica do ParanáUniversidade Federal de Goiás Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoReal e Benemerita Sociedade de Beneficência PortuguesaFaculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Em busca da identidade dos instrumentos musicais no Brasil: um estudo exploratório da literatura de cordel

Based on a collection of 2340 poems, the present article aims to explore the identity of musical instruments considered most popular by the printed Literatura de Cordel (Cordel Literature) in the countryside of Northeastern and Northern regions of Brazil, from the end of the 19th Century to present days. The Cordel Literature is known for representing the views of the social group from which it is originated rather than the creative work of its poets/writers. In search of musical instruments mentioned in the text, some of them were selected due to frequency and relevance of the context found: e.g. the Brazilian viola (a five course guitar), the violão (the six string guitar), the violin, the mandolin, the rabeca (Brazilian fiddle), the electric guitar and the piano. The violão and the Brazilian viola, which are similar in shape, are seen by that population in quite different ways. The fiddle is a popular instrument, but had only a few mentions. Other instruments like the violin, the mandolin, the piano and the electric guitar are described as urban instruments, thus less known in that context.O presente trabalho procura, em consulta a uma coleção de 2340 obras da Literatura de Cordel, explorar identidades culturais presentes nos instrumentos musicais aparentemente mais populares junto à população cultora de tal forma literária - sertão nordestino e parte da Região Norte do Brasil - desde o final do século XIX até o presente. Há no trabalho o pressuposto de que a Literatura de Cordel representa, muito mais que o trabalho criativo dos seus autores, as práticas vigentes no grupo social que a origina. Assim, à procura de menções a instrumentos musicais, este estudo detém-se em alguns deles, pela frequência e relevância da sua caracterização: viola caipira, violão, violino, bandolim, rabeca, guitarra elétrica e piano. Instrumentos aparentemente próximos como a viola e o violão são vistos de formas muito distintas pela população considerada. A rabeca, instrumento popular, poucas vezes é citada. Outros instrumentos, como violino, bandolim, piano e guitarra elétrica, são retratados como instrumentos urbanos e menos conhecidos

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection