Dealing with Cumulative Effects (Impacts) in Asian Multi-Functional Wetlands

The paper proposes a technique for evaluation of natural and anthropogenic impacts on multiple functions of natural wetlands performing, amongst numerous other services, a service of water pollution mitigation at large scale. It is based on data available from elicitation of expert opinion, rapid environmental assessment, participatory rural appraisal and statistical analysis. The technique may be useful if extensive environmental data sets are not available, that is frequently the case in the developing world. Important conclusions on impacts of water pollution and other driver (stressors) on multi-functional wetlands, otherwise impossible, may be made through its use in situations of complex driver interactions. Cumulative Effects Assessment, of which the technique may be an integral part, is to be incorporated into both Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Assessment to provide for a more sustainable use of the wetland services

Spreading Fake News in the Virtual Realm in Bangladesh: Assessment of Impact

Fake news is false often sensational information disseminated under the guise of news reporting The upsurge of technological advancement especially social media has paved the way for spreading fake news The virtual realm spurs fake news as per the speed of air Nowadays fake news has been one of the social problems in the world along with Bangladesh Self-seeker groups use fake news as an atomic arsenal to disseminate their popular rhetoric with supersonic speed for fulfilling male purposes Fake news is usually rampant during any crisis elections and even in campaigns The hoaxers and fakers exploit the opportunity of the wavering psychology of the social media users and fake news becomes viral on social media Facebook Recently Bangladesh has faced an acute crisis of spreading fake news during the Movement of Nirapod Sarak Chai National election in December 2018 and very recent need child s head for Padma Bridge This study titled Spreading Fake News in the Virtual Realm in Bangladesh Assessment of Impact seeks the reasons for spreading fake news and its social impact in Bangladesh This paper is based on secondary literature The Rapid growth of online journalism most of the online portals are run by unskilled and less educated persons lack of news sense lack of national security act for controlling web portal lack of ethical knowledge of journalism lack of implementation of the law to punish criminals mistrust on existing justice mistrust on police who are detached from mass people taking revenge on political rivals derange social discipline creating a chaotic environment the suspicious mind of mass people lack of knowledge and mass awareness are the main reasons of spreading fake news in Banglades

Peanut Allergy: An Overview

<p/> <p>Peanut allergies have been increasing in prevalence in most industrialized countries. Onset is typically in early childhood, with a trend towards earlier ages of presentation. The allergy is lifelong in most affected children, although 15-22% will outgrow their peanut allergy, usually before their teenage years. Manifestations of peanut allergy range from mild to severe, and risk factors predisposing to severe reactions are discussed. However, even in the absence of risk factors, peanut allergic individuals may still experience life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Approaches to investigation and treatment, patterns of cross-reactivity and possible causes of rising prevalence are discussed.</p

The system of multimedia technologies implementation in high school

Recent research highlights the effective use of multimedia as an auxiliary strategy; it helps to easily deliver educational material to students and plays a positive role in strengthening the overall trend towards computer use in education. It is impossible to overestimate the importance of multimedia technologies in education. Multimedia technologies help simplify abstract content, allow you to differ from individual people, and allow you to coordinate diverse views from different points of view. Of course, multimedia technologies improve teaching and learning process, but this technology has a number of drawbacks that make it difficult to implement it into the higher school program. The authors of the study developed the system of MMT implementation is the educational process in high school. The system was developed according to the content of MM phenomenon based on advantages as well as eliminated disadvantages of new technologies in learning process. The definite level of financing and technical support, provided according to the State Program on Digital Economy of the Russian Federation, allows high school to organize the learning process via MMT providing a big volume of different opportunities for specific purposes. Follow the developed system allows educating digital personnel ready to work for digital economy of the region

Linguistic and socio-cultural adaptation of foreign students at university

The article deals with the issues of linguistic and cultural adaptation of students, the problems they face in a new environment. According to the results of the research, the patterns of connections between the student's personality, socio-cultural skills, academic performance and adaptation to new linguistic and cultural realities are revealed. The process of adaptation is manifested in the verbal behavior of foreign-speaking students. Experimental studies show the length of social and cultural contact, the connection with the former mates, who remained at home. This makes it possible to model the process of replacing old contacts with new ones, how this process affects learning, to what extent the formation of a team is determined by the socio-demographic characteristics of student

Skin Physiology, Mucosal Functions, and Symptoms Are Modulated by Grass Pollen and Ozone Double Exposure in Allergic Patients

Introduction: Along with climate changes, we see an increase in allergic symptoms and the number of pollen-allergic patients in many countries. Increased allergic symptoms are associated with an elevated ozone exposure which may be linked by impaired epithelial barrier function. This study aimed to quantify the clinical effect of ozone and pollen double exposure (DE). We tested whether ozone impairs barrier-related skin physiology and mucosal functions under double exposure with pollen ozone in grass pollen-allergic patients versus healthy controls. Methods: This case-control study included 8 grass pollen-allergic patients and 8 non-allergic healthy subjects exposed to grass pollen and ozone in the GA(2)LEN pollen chamber, comparing shorter and longer DE duration. Non-invasive skin physiological parameters were assessed, including stratum corneum hydration, skin redness, surface pH, and basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as a parameter for epidermal barrier function. The subjects' general well-being, bronchial, nasal, and ocular symptoms were documented. Results: Skin physiology tests revealed that DE in allergic patients deteriorates the epidermal barrier function, increases the surface pH and skin redness. DE significantly induced nasal secretion in pollen-allergic versus healthy subjects, which was more pronounced with longer DE. The general well-being was significantly impaired under DE versus pollen or ozone alone, with a negative influence of DE-duration. No relevant bronchial symptoms were recorded. Conclusion: Skin physiology and nasal mucosal symptoms and are negatively affected by ozone and grass pollen DE in allergic patients. The negative effects showed, in some parameters, a dose(time)-response relationship. The surface pH can be regarded as a possible modulatory mechanism

Optimizing Clinical Benefits of Bisphosphonates in Cancer Patients with Bone Metastases

Malignant bone disease is common in patients with advanced solid tumors or multiple myeloma. Bisphosphonates have been found to be important treatments for bone metastases. A positive benefit-risk ratio for bisphosphonates has been established, and ongoing clinical trials will determine whether individualized therapy is possible

Количественная характеристика клеток Лангерганса в слое нервных волокон роговицы при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме

Purpose: To estimate the number of Langerhans cells (LC) in the cornea in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) at various stages of the disease.Methods: The study included 129 patients. The main group — 102 patients (204 eyes) aged from 42 to 83 years (62.5±2.4 years) — diagnosed with POAG stage I-IV. The control group consisted of 27 ophthalmologically healthy volunteers (54 eyes) with a normal level of IOP and no signs of POAG aged 54 to 76 years (65.9±1.4 years). The patients underwent visometry, biomicroscopy of the anterior segment of the eye, ophthalmoscopy, gonioscopy, Pascal contour tonometry, optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Zeiss Stratus 3000) and corneal confocal microscopy (CMR) (HRT III, with Rostock Cornea Modul).Results: The average number of LC in patients with glaucoma amounted to 144±21 cells/mm2. It was higher than in the norm group, the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0002). The study revealed an increase in the number of LC associated with the development of glaucoma. A significant positive correlation of the amount of LC in the nerve fiber layer with the stage of the disease (R=0.23, p&lt;0.05) was also found, as well as a negative correlation with the anisotropy coefficient of the directivity of the corneal nerve fibers in the POAG group (R= -0.29, p&lt;0.001). Intereye asymmetry was investigated, which was found to be the higher, the greater the difference in the stages of POAG between paired eyes. With the value of the indicator of interocular asymmetry LC, equal to 19.68%, the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed indicator for the diagnosis of POAG were 94.1 and 66.6%, respectively. Thus, the values of the interocular asymmetry LC indicator above 19.68% are considered pathological.Conclusion: The detected increase in the number of LC in the nerve fiber layer indicates the presence of an inflammatory process in the eye, which may well be autoimmune. And it may be the root cause of open-angle glaucoma, lead to pathological glaucomatous scleropathy with damage to the drainage apparatus of the eye and a corresponding increase in IOP level. It also causes a characteristic clinical course in the form of a chronic, bilateral, low-intensity process. In this sense, the neurodegenerative processes in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye are pathogenetically uniform.Цель. Оценить количество клеток Лангерганса (КЛ) в роговице при первичной открытоугольной глаукоме (ПОУГ) в различных стадиях заболевания.Методы. В исследование вошли 129 пациентов. Основная группа — 102 пациента (204 глаза) в возрасте от 42 до 83 лет (62,5±2,4 года) — с диагнозом ПОУГ I-IV стадий. Контрольная группа — 27 пациентов (54 глаза) — офтальмологически здоровые добровольцы в возрасте от 54 до 76 лет (65,9±1,4 года) с нормальным уровнем внутриглазного давления (ВГД) и без признаков ПОУГ. Были проведены: визометрия, биомикроскопия переднего отрезка глаза, офтальмоскопия, гониоскопия, контурная тонометрия по методу Pascal, оптическая когерентная томография (ОКТ) дисков зрительных нервов (Zeiss Stratus 3000) и конфокальная микроскопия роговицы (КМР) (HRT III, с Rostock Cornea Modul).Результаты. При ПОУГ среднее количество КЛ оказалось выше, чем в группе нормы, и составило 144±21 кл./мм2, что достоверно отличается от группы нормы (р=0,0002). Обнаружено возрастание количества КЛ по мере развития заболевания, увеличение количества КЛ от начальной глаукомы к терминальной. Выявлены достоверная положительная связь количества КЛ в слое суббазальных нервных волокон (НВР) со стадией заболевания (R=0,23, p&lt;0,05), достоверная отрицательная корреляционная связь с коэффициентом анизотропии направленности НВР в группе ПОУГ (R=-0,29, р&lt;0,001). Исследована межокулярная асимметрия посредством вычисления показателя межокулярной асимметрии (ПМА). ПМА количества КЛ в слое НВР тем выше, чем больше рас- хождение по стадиям ПОУГ между парными глазами. При значении ПМА КЛ 19,68% чувствительность и специфичность предлагаемого показателя для диагностики ПОУГ составили 94,1 и 66,6% соответственно. Таким образом, значения ПМА КЛ выше 19,68% принимаются как патологические.Заключение. Обнаруженное увеличение количества КЛ в слое НВР указывает на присутствие воспалительного процесса в глазу, который вполне может быть аутоиммунным. И может претендовать на первопричинность открытоугольной глаукомы, приводить к патологической глаукомной склеропатии с повреждением дренажного аппарата глаза и соответствующим повышением ВГД, а также диктовать характерное клиническое течение в виде хронического двухстороннего вялотекущего процесса. В этом смысле нейродегенеративные процессы в переднем и заднем сегментах глаза патогенетически едины

The Concept of the "Field" in Early Soviet Ethnography : A Northern Perspective

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016