(Z)-1,3-Bis(4-chloro­phen­yl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

In the title mol­ecule, C17H11Cl2N3O, the C=C bond connecting the triazole and 4-chloro­phenyl groups adopts a Z geometry. The dihedral angles formed by the triazole ring and the 4-chloro substituted benzene rings are 67.3 (1) and 59.1 (1)°. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 73.5 (1)°

Neurosurgical interventions for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single institution experience

BACKGROUND: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a frequent head and neck cancer in southern China and Southeast Asia. The majority of NPC patients are managed by radiation oncologists, medical oncologists and head and neck surgeons. Actually, neurosurgical interventions are warranted under specific circumstances. In this article, we described our experience as neurosurgeons in the management of NPC patients. METHODS: Medical records of NPC patients who received neurosurgical procedure at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were identified. Among 27 cases, neurosurgical procedures were performed in 18 (66.7%) with radiation-induced temporal necrosis, 2 (7.4%) with radiation-induced sarcoma, 4 (14.8%) with synchronous NPC with primary brain tumors, 2 (7.4%) with recurrent NPC involving skull base, and 1 (3.7%) with metachronous skull eosinophilic granuloma, respectively. The diagnosis is challenging in specific cases and initial misdiagnoses were found in 6 (22.2%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: For NPC patients with intracranial or skull lesions, the initial diagnosis can be occasionally difficult because of the presence or a history of NPC and related treatment. Unawareness of these entities can result in misdiagnosis and subsequent improper treatment. Neurosurgical interventions are necessary for the diagnosis and treatment for these patients

Reduced inorganic sulfur and its bioavailability in surface sediment in offshore areas of NE China

Geochemical cycling and biological toxicity of sulfur in marine sediments is closely related to the activity of organisms. This study investigated the distribution and potential impact on benthic environments of acid volatile sulfur (AVS), chromium (II)-reducible sulfur (CRS), elemental sulfur (ES), total S, C, N and Fe in superficial sediments across the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea. The composition of reduced inorganic sulfur in the three study areas was dominated by CRS (averaging 72% of total reduced inorganic sulfur). The low AVS content (average of 1.12 µmol g-1) of the sediments and the low values of AVS/CRS (average 0.34 µmol g-1), degree of pyritization and degree of sulphidization indicate that there is sufficient available iron in the sediment to restrict the threat of sulphide toxicity to benthic organisms in most of the study areas. However, high organic matter loads in parts of the study areas have resulted in enhanced accumulation of AVS, resulting in a higher toxicity risk

Deubiquitinase PSMD14 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis by stabilizing GRB2

Abstract(#br)Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as one of the most common malignancies worldwide. It is associated with a high mortality rate, as evident from its increasing incidence and extremely poor prognosis. The deubiquitinating enzyme 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14) has been reported to act as an oncogene in several human cancers. The present study aimed to reveal the functional significance of PSMD14 in HCC progression and the underlying mechanisms. We found that PSMD14 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues. Overexpression of PSMD14 correlated with vascular invasion, tumor number, tumor recurrence, and poor tumor-free and overall survival of patients with HCC. Knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrated that PSMD14 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells in vitro , and facilitated tumor growth and metastasis in vivo . Mechanistically, we identified PSMD14 as a novel post-translational regulator of GRB2. PSMD14 inhibits degradation of GRB2 via deubiquitinating this oncoprotein in HCC cells. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of PSMD14 with O-phenanthroline (OPA) suppressed the malignant behavior of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo . In conclusion, our findings suggest that PSMD14 could serve as a novel promising therapeutic candidate for HCC

Deubiquitinase PSMD14 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis by stabilizing GRB2.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as one of the most common malignancies worldwide. It is associated with a high mortality rate, as evident from its increasing incidence and extremely poor prognosis. The deubiquitinating enzyme 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14 (PSMD14) has been reported to act as an oncogene in several human cancers. The present study aimed to reveal the functional significance of PSMD14 in HCC progression and the underlying mechanisms. We found that PSMD14 was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues. Overexpression of PSMD14 correlated with vascular invasion, tumor number, tumor recurrence, and poor tumor-free and overall survival of patients with HCC. Knockdown and overexpression experiments demonstrated that PSMD14 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC cells in vitro, and facilitated tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we identified PSMD14 as a novel post-translational regulator of GRB2. PSMD14 inhibits degradation of GRB2 via deubiquitinating this oncoprotein in HCC cells. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of PSMD14 with O-phenanthroline (OPA) suppressed the malignant behavior of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PSMD14 could serve as a novel promising therapeutic candidate for HCC

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Exploits CD209 Receptors for Promoting Host Dissemination and Infection

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals. Although the molecular mechanisms for dissemination and infection are unclear, many Gram-negative enteropathogens presumably invade the small intestine via Peyer's patches to initiate dissemination. In this study, we demonstrate that Y. pseudotuberculosis utilizes its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core to interact with CD209 receptors, leading to invasion of human dendritic cells (DCs) and murine macrophages. These Y. pseudotuberculosis CD209 interactions result in bacterial dissemination to MLNs, spleens, and livers of both wild-type and Peyer's patch-deficient mice. The blocking of the Y. pseudotuberculosis CD209 interactions by expression of 0-antigen and with oligosaccharides reduces infectivity. Based on the well-documented studies in which HIV-CD209 interaction leads to viral dissemination, we therefore propose an infection route for Y. pseudotuberculosis where this pathogen, after penetrating the intestinal mucosal membrane, hijacks the Y. pseudotuberculosis CD209 interaction antigen-presenting cells to reach their target destinations, MLNs, spleens, and livers.Peer reviewe

Minimising the machining energy consumption of a machine tool by sequencing the features of a part

Increasing energy price and emission reduction requirements are new challenges faced by modernmanufacturers. A cons iderable amount of their energy consumption is attributed to the machining en-ergy consumption of machine tools (MTE), including cutting and non-cutting energy consumption (CEand NCE). The value of MTE is affected by the processing sequence of the features within a specific partbecause both the cutting and non-cutting plans vary based on different feature sequences. This articleaims to understand and characterise the MTE while machining a part. A CE model is developed to bridgethe knowledge gap, and two sub-models for specific energy consumption and actual cutting volume aredeveloped. Then, a single objective optimisation problem, minimising the MTE, is introduced. Twooptimisation approaches, Depth-First Search (DFS) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), are employed togenerate the optimal processing sequence. A case study is conducted, where five parts with 11e15features are processed on a machining centre. By comparing the experiment results of the two algo-rithms, GA is recommended for the MTE model. The accuracy of our model achieved 96.25%. 14.13% and14.00% MTE can be saved using DFS and GA, respectively. Moreover, the case study demonstrated a20.69% machining time reduction