Significados que le atribuyen un grupo de trabajadoras sexuales pertenecientes a la agrupación Transfemenina Traves en la comuna de Concepción en torno a la organización social como ocupación colectiva desde una mirada de género y patriarcado

Tesis (Terapeuta Ocupacional)En la siguiente investigación se trabajó con una agrupación de mujeres transexuales que ejercen el trabajo sexual. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue conocer y entender los significados de esta organización social como una ocupación colectiva, desde una mirada de género y patriarcado que le atribuye la agrupación Transfemenina Traves de Concepción. Este estudio se realizó porque no existen investigaciones desde la Terapia Ocupacional que aborden las temáticas del trabajo sexual desde una perspectiva social, sino que las investigaciones encontradas sólo se enfocan en la funcionalidad y no en las problemáticas expresadas desde las mismas mujeres que ejercen el trabajo sexual. En el presente trabajo, se pudo evidenciar cómo el sistema patriarcal influye en la cotidianidad de las trabajadoras sexuales debido al estigma y prejuicios existentes hacia ellas, provocando un malestar psicosocial en las integrantes de la agrupación. El principal resultado de la investigación fue entender que la agrupación Transfemenina Traves se convirtió en una ocupación colectiva, ya que las participantes se organizaron bajo un mismo objetivo para lograr el bienestar psicosocial, a pesar de que existen componentes socioculturales perjudiciales para ellas. Este trabajo se basó en el método cualitativo, ya que en el estudio de la agrupación se consideraron sus cualidades y características. Con esta metodología se enfatizó la subjetividad de las integrantes y el significado que éstas le atribuyen a la forma que tienen de organizarse dentro de la agrupación. Con el objetivo de dar coherencia con la metodología cualitativa, se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación de los miembros.In the following research, we worked with a group of transsexual women who practice sex work. The main objective of this work was to know and understand the meaning of a social organization as a collective occupation from a gender and patriarchal perspective, attributed by the group “Transfemenina Traves” from the city of Concepción. This study was conducted because of the nonexistence of research in the Occupational Therapy field addressing the issues of sex work from a social perspective. Past researches only focused on the functionality and not on the problems concerning the women performing sex work. This investigation presents evidence how the patriarchal system influences the daily life of the sex workers due to the stigma and prejudices existing in the society, causing a psychosocial discomfort in the members of the group. The main result of this research was to understand that the group “Transfemenina Traves” became a collective occupation, because the members were organized under a same objective with the aim to achieve a psychosocial wellbeing, even though the sociocultural components harming them. This work was based on a qualitative method, meaning that while studying the group, their qualities and characteristics were considered. With this methodology, the subjectivity of each member was emphasized and the meaning attributed by them to the way they have to organize inside the group. In order of coherence with the qualitative methodology, semistructured interviews and observation of the members were use

The Third Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-ray Pulsars

We present 294 pulsars found in GeV data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. Another 33 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) discovered in deep radio searches of LAT sources will likely reveal pulsations once phase-connected rotation ephemerides are achieved. A further dozen optical and/or X-ray binary systems co-located with LAT sources also likely harbor gamma-ray MSPs. This catalog thus reports roughly 340 gamma-ray pulsars and candidates, 10% of all known pulsars, compared to $\leq 11$ known before Fermi. Half of the gamma-ray pulsars are young. Of these, the half that are undetected in radio have a broader Galactic latitude distribution than the young radio-loud pulsars. The others are MSPs, with 6 undetected in radio. Overall, >235 are bright enough above 50 MeV to fit the pulse profile, the energy spectrum, or both. For the common two-peaked profiles, the gamma-ray peak closest to the magnetic pole crossing generally has a softer spectrum. The spectral energy distributions tend to narrow as the spindown power $\dot E$ decreases to its observed minimum near $10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$, approaching the shape for synchrotron radiation from monoenergetic electrons. We calculate gamma-ray luminosities when distances are available. Our all-sky gamma-ray sensitivity map is useful for population syntheses. The electronic catalog version provides gamma-ray pulsar ephemerides, properties and fit results to guide and be compared with modeling results.Comment: 142 pages. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal Supplemen

Combating ecosystem collapse from the tropics to the Antarctic

Globally, collapse of ecosystems—potentially irreversible change to ecosystem structure, composition and function—imperils biodiversity, human health and well-being. We examine the current state and recent trajectories of 19 ecosystems, spanning 58° of latitude across 7.7 M km2, from Australia's coral reefs to terrestrial Antarctica. Pressures from global climate change and regional human impacts, occurring as chronic ‘presses’ and/or acute ‘pulses’, drive ecosystem collapse. Ecosystem responses to 5–17 pressures were categorised as four collapse profiles—abrupt, smooth, stepped and fluctuating. The manifestation of widespread ecosystem collapse is a stark warning of the necessity to take action. We present a three-step assessment and management framework (3As Pathway Awareness, anticipation and Action) to aid strategic and effective mitigation to alleviate further degradation to help secure our future