The age of the Cambro-Britons: Hyphenated British identities in the seventeenth century

This is the final version of the article. Available from Taylor & Francisvia the DOI in this record.In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, Welsh writers including the antiquary Humphrey Llwyd, the bard Gruffudd Hiraethog, and the epigrammatist John Owen began referring to themselves as Cambro-Britons. The term was quickly adopted and popularised by English writers, often in ways that show an imperfect grasp of the intentions behind the hyphenated phrase. Whereas the Welsh had hoped that the English and Scots would adopt similar hyphenated identities, English writers tended to interpret “Cambro-Briton” as an intensified and potentially comical expression of Welshness. Though Welsh writers largely ceased to employ the term after the 1620s, the use and misuse of “Cambro-Briton” in English texts continued unabated throughout the century.Research for this article was supported by two AHRC Research Grants: The Poly-Olbion Project (2013-16; PI Andrew McRae) and Inventor of Britain: The Works of Humphrey Llwyd (2017-20; PI Philip Schwyzer)

Cremaçao e cemitério higienico : o olhar dos formandos de medicina sobre os cadáveres (1882-1906)

Orientadora : Marcia D. SiqueiraDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Humanas, Letras e Arte

Characteristics and outcome of 16 periprosthetic shoulder joint infections

Purpose: Shoulder arthroplasties are increasingly performed, but data on periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) in this anatomical position are limited. We retrospectively investigated the characteristics and outcome of shoulder PJI after primary arthroplasty from 1998 to 2010 in a single centre. Methods: Periprosthetic joint infection was defined as periprosthetic purulence, presence of sinus tract or microbial growth. A Kaplan-Meier survival method was used to estimate relapse-free survival of prosthesis. Results: From 1,571 primary shoulder prostheses, we evaluated 16 patients with a PJI at different stages, i.e, early (n=4), delayed (n=6) and late (n=6) infections. The median patient age was 67 (range 53-86) years, and 69% were females. The most commonly isolated microorganism was Propionibacterium acnes in 38% of patients (monobacterial in four and polymicrobial in two patients). In 14 of the 16 patients, surgical interventions consisting of debridement and implant retention (6 patients), exchange (7) and explantation (1) were performed. Four patients had a relapse of infection with P. acnes (n=3) or Bacteroides fragilis (n=1). The relapse-free survival of the prosthesis was 75% (95% confidence interval 46-90%) after 1 and 2years, 100% in six patients following the treatment algorithm for hip and knee PJI and 60% in 10 patients not followed up. All but one of the relapses were previously treated without exchange of the prosthesis. Conclusions: As recommended for hip and knee PJI, we suggest treating shoulder PJI with a low-grade infection by microorganisms such as P. acnes with an exchange of the prosthesis. Cohort studies are needed to verify our result

Nation and archipelago

This chapter explores John Milton's Observations upon the Articles of Peace with the Irish Rebels (1649), a 25,000-word treatise that is a touchstone text for a turning point in British and Irish history, a telling account of the tensions between colonialism and republicanism, and a tipping point in Milton's thinking around Archipelagic interdependence – the tied fates of the nations that make up the emerging British state. This multi-authored work, exemplary in its many-sided depiction of a pivotal point in the history of the three Stuart kingdoms of England, Ireland, and Scotland, depicts different national and religious communities responding to the execution of Charles I on January 30, 1649. Milton's commission was to address the “complication of interests” in Ireland in the wake of the killing of the king. His protean polemic captures the contradictions of a poet against empire countering a challenge to metropolitan government from a complex planter society

Core set of unfavorable events of shoulder arthroplasty: an international Delphi consensus process

BackgroundShoulder arthroplasty (SA) complications require standardization of definitions and are not limited to events leading to revision operations. We aimed to define an international consensus core set of clinically relevant unfavorable events of SA to be documented in clinical routine practice and studies.MethodsA Delphi exercise was implemented with an international panel of experienced shoulder surgeons selected by nomination through professional societies. On the basis of a systematic review of terms and definitions and previous experience in establishing an arthroscopic rotator cuff repair core set, an organized list of SA events was developed and reviewed by panel members. After each survey, all comments and suggestions were considered to revise the proposed core set including local event groups, along with definitions, specifications, and timing of occurrence. Consensus was reached with at least two-thirds agreement.ResultsTwo online surveys were required to reach consensus within a panel involving 96 surgeons. Between 88% and 100% agreement was achieved separately for local event groups including 3 intraoperative (device, osteochondral, and soft tissue) and 9 postoperative event groups. Experts agreed on a documentation period that ranged from 3 to 24 months after SA for 4 event groups (peripheral neurologic, vascular, surgical-site infection, and superficial soft tissue) and that was lifelong until implant revision for other groups (device, osteochondral, shoulder instability, pain, late hematogenous infection, and deep soft tissue).ConclusionA structured core set of local unfavorable events of SA was developed by international consensus to support the standardization of SA safety reporting. Clinical application and scientific evaluation are needed.</div

ACTH Antagonists.

Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) acts via a highly selective receptor that is a member of the melanocortin receptor subfamily of type 1 G protein-coupled receptors. The ACTH receptor, also known as the melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), is unusual in that it is absolutely dependent on a small accessory protein, melanocortin receptor accessory protein (MRAP) for cell surface expression and function. ACTH is the only known naturally occurring agonist for this receptor. This lack of redundancy and high degree of ligand specificity suggests that antagonism of this receptor could provide a useful therapeutic aid and a potential investigational tool. Clinical situations in which this could be useful include (1) Cushing's disease and ectopic ACTH syndrome - especially while preparing for definitive treatment of a causative tumor, or in refractory cases, or (2) congenital adrenal hyperplasia - as an adjunct to glucocorticoid replacement. A case for antagonism in other clinical situations in which there is ACTH excess can also be made. In this article, we will explore the scientific and clinical case for an ACTH antagonist, and will review the evidence for existing and recently described peptides and modified peptides in this role

Influence of the initial state of carbon nanotubes on their colloidal stability under natural conditions

The colloidal stability of CNTs varies a lot depending on the initial state of the CNTs (dry vs. pre-dispersed), the applied dispersant for pre-suspension, and the composition of the medium. a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Carbon nanotubes Surfactants (anionic, non-ionic, cationic) Natural organic matter (humic/fulvic acid) Long-term colloidal stability a b s t r a c t The colloidal stability of dry and suspended carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the presence of amphiphilic compounds (i.e. natural organic matter or surfactants) at environmentally realistic concentrations was investigated over several days. The suspensions were analyzed for CNT concentration (UVevis spectroscopy), particle size (nanoparticle tracking analysis), and CNT length and dispersion quality (TEM). When added in dry form, around 1% of the added CNTs remained suspended. Pre-dispersion in organic solvent or anionic detergent stabilized up to 65% of the added CNTs after 20 days of mild shaking and 5 days of settling. The initial state of the CNTs (dry vs. suspended) and the medium composition hence are critical determinants for the partitioning of CNTs between sediment and the water column. TEM analysis revealed that single suspended CNTs were present in all suspensions and that shaking and settling resulted in a fractionation of the CNTs with shorter CNTs remaining predominantly in suspension

Opportunistic deep learning powered calcium scoring in oncologic patients with very high coronary artery calcium (≥ 1000) undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT

Our aim was to identify and quantify high coronary artery calcium (CAC) with deep learning (DL)-powered CAC scoring (CACS) in oncological patients with known very high CAC (≥ 1000) undergoing 18F-FDG-PET/CT for re-/staging. 100 patients were enrolled: 50 patients with Agatston scores ≥ 1000 (high CACS group), 50 patients with Agatston scores < 1000 (negative control group). All patients underwent oncological 18F-FDG-PET/CT and cardiac SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) by 99mTc-tetrofosmin within 6 months. CACS was manually performed on dedicated non-contrast ECG-gated CT scans obtained from SPECT-MPI (reference standard). Additionally, CACS was performed fully automatically with a user-independent DL-CACS tool on non-contrast, free-breathing, non-gated CT scans from 18F-FDG-PET/CT examinations. Image quality and noise of CT scans was assessed. Agatston scores obtained by manual CACS and DL tool were compared. The high CACS group had Agatston scores of 2200 ± 1620 (reference standard) and 1300 ± 1011 (DL tool, average underestimation of 38.6 ± 26%) with an intraclass correlation of 0.714 (95% CI 0.546, 0.827). Sufficient image quality significantly improved the DL tool's capability of correctly assigning Agatston scores ≥ 1000 (p = 0.01). In the control group, the DL tool correctly assigned Agatston scores < 1000 in all cases. In conclusion, DL-based CACS performed on non-contrast free-breathing, non-gated CT scans from 18F-FDG-PET/CT examinations of patients with known very high (≥ 1000) CAC underestimates CAC load, but correctly assigns an Agatston scores ≥ 1000 in over 70% of cases, provided sufficient CT image quality. Subgroup analyses of the control group showed that the DL tool does not generate false-positives

O cuidado como objeto de pesquisa na produção de conhecimento sobre políticas públicas para o envelhecimento.

This article analyzes the care in knowledge production on public policies for aging, through a bibliometric exercise. It was selected articles published in journals collection of SciELO electronic library, from 1994 to 2017. The data are related to 29 articles, written by 85 authors and published in 15 journals distributed in three areas of knowledge (Health Sciences, Human Sciences, and Applied Social Sciences) and qualified in Sociology area in CAPES. As a result, most of the publications are in the Health area and result from theoretical-empirical investigations, carried out by women, in the following themes: care in the long-term institutions, care in Nursery, family care/caregivers, increasing in the number of caregivers, invisibility of the elderly and caregivers, and care at the end of life and self-care. In conclusion, we stress the feminization of aging, care, and knowledge production on care as well as the importance of effective public policies for aging with quality.Este artículo analiza el cuidado en la producción de conocimiento sobre políticas públicas dirigidas al envejecimiento en Brasil, mediante un ejercicio bibliometrico. Se seleccionaron artículos publicados en la colección de revistas de la biblioteca electrónica SciELO, en el período 1994-2017. Los datos se refieren a 29 artículos, escritos por 85 autores y publicados en 15 periódicos distribuidos en tres grandes áreas de conocimiento - Ciencias de la Salud, Ciencias Humanas y Ciencias Sociales Aplicadas - y calificados en el área de Sociología en la Capes. Como resultado, se observa que la mayoría de las publicaciones están en revistas del área de la Salud y resulta de investigaciones teóricas y empíricas, realizadas principalmente por mujeres, en las temáticas: cuidado en Instituciones de Larga Permanencia, cuidado en Enfermería, cuidado/cuidador familiar, ampliación del número de cuidadores, invisibilidad de ancianos y cuidadores, cuidado al final de la vida y autocuidado. En la conclusión, se destaca la feminización de la vejez, del cuidado y de la producción de conocimiento que aborda el cuidado, así como la importancia de políticas públicas efectivas para el envejecimiento con calidad.Cet article analyse le soin apporté à la production de connaissances sur les politiques publiques visant le vieillissement au Brésil, à travers un exercice bibliométrique. Les articles publiés dans la collection de revues de la bibliothèque électronique SciELO ont été sélectionnés pour la période 1994-2017. Les données se réfèrent à 29 articles, rédigés par 85 auteurs et publiés dans 15 journaux répartis dans trois grands domaines de la connaissance - sciences de la santé, sciences humaines et sciences sociales appliquées - et qualifiés dans le domaine de la sociologie à Capes. En conséquence, on constate que la plupart des publications sont dans des revues du domaine de la santé et résultent de recherches théoriques et empiriques menées principalement par des femmes dans les domaines suivants: soins dans des établissements de longue durée, soins en soins infirmiers, soins en famille, augmentation du nombre de soignants, invisibilité des personnes âgées et des soignants, soins en fin de vie et soins personnels. En conclusion, se démarquent la féminisation de la vieillesse, les soins et la production de connaissances qui traitent des soins, ainsi que l’importance de politiques publiques efficaces pour un vieillissement de qualité.Este artigo analisa o cuidado na produção de conhecimento sobre políticas públicas direcionadas ao envelhecimento no Brasil, por meio de um exercício bibliométrico. Foram selecionados artigos publicados na coleção de periódicos da biblioteca eletrônica SciELO, no período 1994-2017. Os dados referem-se a 29 artigos, escritos por 85 autores e publicados em 15 periódicos distribuídos em três grandes áreas de conhecimento – Ciências da Saúde, Ciências Humanas e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas – e qualificados na área de Sociologia na Capes. Como resultado, observa-se que a maioria das publicações está em revistas da área da Saúde e resulta de pesquisas teórico-empíricas, realizadas principalmente por mulheres, nas temáticas: cuidado em Instituições de Longa Permanência, cuidado em Enfermagem, cuidado/cuidador familiar, ampliação do número de cuidadores, invisibilidade de idosos e cuidadores, cuidado no final da vida e autocuidado. Na conclusão, destaca-se a feminização da velhice, do cuidado e da produção de conhecimento que aborda o cuidado, bem como a importância de políticas públicas efetivas no envelhecimento com qualidade