A Comparative Study between Public and Private Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) in India

A house is a basic necessity, a symbol of security, and a measure of  socioeconomic status and pride. In India the policy reforms in the housing sector have led to an increase in the number of banking and non-banking financial institutions providing different types of housing finance services. In this regard, the public  (HFCs) and private HFCs are operating at different levels to provide housing finances to all the sections of society. The present study is an attempt to comparatively analyze the financial performance of five public HFCs and five private HFCs in India for the period of 2009-2018. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of means and a student t-test was conducted to compare the performance of public and private HFCs with regard to various financial ratios. The result showed that profitability, and operating ratios significantly influenced the financial performance of public and private HFCs. The present study calls for regulatory measures and policy reforms to improve the profitability and operating efficiency of both public and private HFCs. This study has an implication in improving the housing finance sector from the perspective of Indian HFCs

Optimality criterion approach using tapered finite elements with nodal averaging technique for two-dimensional problems

Use of tapered finite elements with three design variables per element and nodal averaging technique in the optimality criterion approach is studied in this paper. Minimum volume design of a uniformly heated square plate with a single temperature constraint is obtained using the proposed method. The present results with a lower order finite element mesh compare very well with those obtained with optimality criterion approach using constant thickness elements and with mathematical programming techniques using a higher order finite element mesh

Application of artificial intelligence for the assessment of the status of power transformers

The Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) a non destructive test procedure, has been in vogue for a long time now, for assessing the status of power and related transformers in service. An early indication of likely internal faults that may exist in Transformers has been seen to be revealed, to a reasonable degree of accuracy by the DGA. The data acquisition and subsequent analysis needs an expert in the concerned area to accurately assess the condition of the equipment. Since the presence of the expert is not always guaranteed, it is incumbent on the part of the power utilities to requisition a well planned and reliable artificial expert system to replace, at least in part, an expert. This paper presents the application of Ordered Ant Mner (OAM) classifier for the prediction of involved fault. Secondly, the paper also attempts to estimate the remaining life of the power transformer as an extension to the elapsed life estimation method suggested in the literature