Rhenium-catalyzed insertion of terminal alkenes into a C(sp(2))–H bond and successive transfer hydrogenation

Treatment of aromatic aldimines with terminal alkenes in the presence of a rhenium catalyst, [HRe(CO)(4)](n), gives 2-alkenylbenzylamines in good to excellent yields. This reaction proceeds via the insertion of the alkene into a C-H bond at the ortho-position of the imino group of the aromatic aldimine followed by sequential beta-hydride elimination from the formed alkyl rhenium intermediate and then by hydrogenation of the imino group of the aldimine

Perspectives of River Ecology Reseach

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

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論

ハイテク サンギョウ ニ オケル キギョウ ケツゴウ キセイ

論

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Multifunctional Cytokine in Rheumatic Diseases

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was originally identified in the culture medium of activated T lymphocytes as a soluble factor that inhibited the random migration of macrophages. MIF is now recognized to be a multipotent cytokine involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Moreover, the pivotal nature of its involvement highlights the importance of MIF to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory disorders and suggests that blocking MIF may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treating these diseases. This paper discusses the function and expressional regulation of MIF in several rheumatic diseases and related conditions

Manganese(I)-Catalyzed C−H Activation : The Key Role of a 7-Membered Manganacycle in H-Transfer and Reductive Elimination

Manganese-catalyzed C−H bond activation chemistry is emerging as a powerful and complementary method for molecular functionalization. A highly reactive seven-membered MnIintermediate is detected and characterized that is effective for H-transfer or reductive elimination to deliver alkenylated or pyridinium products, respectively. The two pathways are determined at MnIby judicious choice of an electron-deficient 2-pyrone substrate containing a 2-pyridyl directing group, which undergoes regioselective C−H bond activation, serving as a valuable system for probing the mechanistic features of Mn C−H bond activation chemistry

Efficiency Considerations in Merger Regulation (Japanese)

How is merger-generating efficiency dealt with in antitrust regulation? The Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) presents a consumer welfare standard, which focuses on the change of consumer welfare in evaluating efficiency. Guidelines of U.S. antitrust law and those of EU competition law support this standard as well, and the experience in Canadian competition law reveals the difficulty of applying a total welfare standard. In this paper, we examine the possibility of convergence between market power analysis and efficiency consideration under the consumer welfare standard. Based upon that, we propose a modified consumer welfare standard, under which welfare can be traded off among consumers.

ジョセイガク ノ ザヒョウジク セイサベツ ト フェミニズム ノ ジッセン トクシュウ ジョセイガク ノ セイリツ オ メグッテ

Organizations for women\u27s studies in Japan firstly formed in late 1970\u27s and the academic association was established in late 80\u27s. Before it was formed there was women\u27s liberation movement called "Women\u27s Lib."in early 70\u27s among grass roots women. Although it was not widely recognized, it formed the base of feminists\u27 studies in Japan. Since International Women\u27s Year of 1975 and next ten years of UN Decade for Women, the Japanese government took the action for gender equality, and ratified the Convention for Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women in 1985. Women\u27s studies have two dimensions in its framework. One is search for women\u27s subjectivity in gender biased society. This means to analyze societies from gender perspective. The other is to form the solidarity among women for the movement for gender equality. The conventional understanding of academic studies is that it has to be "objective" and "scientific", not to have relationship with social movement. Women\u27s studies have both aspects of search for objectivity, and of social movement. These two create tention in women\u27s studies, which is meaningful for gender analysis. Feminists recognize the society is male superior. The recognition is restricted by our existance in this society. The discrimination based on sexual division is regarded to be unjust in modern societies. The social system that includes distinction of people can include the discriminative distinction. The problem is in what way each society and culture demarcate between discriminative distinction and distinction without discrimination. The woman\u27s subjectivity is formed by creating her own demarcation between discrimination and distinction in the society based on her description of experiences

Magnesium Intake in Relation to Systemic Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and the Incidence of Diabetes

OBJECTIVETo investigate the long-term associations of magnesium intake with incidence of diabetes, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance among young American adults.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA total of 4,497 Americans, aged 18–30 years, who had no diabetes at baseline, were prospectively examined for incident diabetes based on quintiles of magnesium intake. We also investigated the associations between magnesium intake and inflammatory markers, i.e., high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and fibrinogen, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).RESULTSDuring the 20-year follow-up, 330 incident cases of diabetes were identified. Magnesium intake was inversely associated with incidence of diabetes after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of diabetes for participants in the highest quintile of magnesium intake was 0.53 (95% CI, 0.32–0.86; Ptrend < 0.01) compared with those in the lowest quintile. Consistently, magnesium intake was significantly inversely associated with hs-CRP, IL-6, fibrinogen, and HOMA-IR, and serum magnesium levels were inversely correlated with hs-CRP and HOMA-IR.CONCLUSIONSMagnesium intake was inversely longitudinally associated with incidence of diabetes in young American adults. This inverse association may be explained, at least in part, by the inverse correlations of magnesium intake with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance