Justiciabilidade e direito à educação: inspirações teóricas e evidências empíricas do sul da Bahia (2014-2021)

The article discusses the mechanisms of enforceability individual and collective aimed at realizing the social right to education, as a form of justiciability. It is supported by exploratory research, with bibliographic, documentary and empirical procedure, which is based on the year of publication of the law establishing the National Education Plan (PNE) in 2014 and the performance of the Justice System in the south of Bahia, as well as the discussion about the legal concepts and practices, with theoritical inspiration and empirical evidence. In this way, the article is structured in a textual development session focused on the debate of education as a social right and the role of the State, considering the legal and bibliographic contributions, followed by a session on the concepts of justiciability and, finally, the researched practices are presented. As a result, the research pointed, within its limits, to a difficulty in accessing evidence produced by organs of the Justice System, as well as to the need for constant mobilization and social control in the face of the right to education and its justiciability.O artigo discute os mecanismos de exigibilidade individuais e coletivos voltados à realização do direito social à educação, como forma de justiciabilidade. Apoia-se em pesquisa exploratória, com procedimento bibliográfico, documental e empírico, que toma como base o ano de publicação da lei que institui o Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) em 2014 e a atuação do Sistema de Justiça na região sul baiana, assim como fundamenta a discussão sobre os conceitos e práticas jurídicas a partir de inspirações teóricas e evidências empíricas. Para tanto, o artigo estrutura-se em uma sessão textual de desenvolvimento voltada ao debate da educação como direito social e do papel do Estado, considerando-se os aportes legais e bibliográficos, seguida de uma sessão sobre os conceitos de justiciabilidade e, por fim, apresentam-se as práticas pesquisadas. Como resultados, a pesquisa apontou, dentro de seus limites, para uma dificuldade de acesso a evidências produzidas por órgãos do Sistema de Justiça, assim como para a necessidade de constante mobilização e controle social face ao direito à educação e sua justiciabilidade

Arte-educação, juventudes e emancipação: reflexões a partir de um estudo exploratório em Porto Seguro - BA

O artigo visa apresentar reflexões sobre a arte-educação como potencializadora da garantia de direitos para as juventudes, sobretudo as que residem em bairros periféricos. Ele resulta de pesquisa realizada no município de Porto Seguro, no Estado da Bahia, que tomou como base a legislação vigente e utilizou, como procedimento metodológico, o levantamento bibliográfico e documental com foco na compreensão do papel da arte-educação para a efetivação de direitos e a emancipação de jovens periféricos. Como resultados, aponta-se a arte-educação como um possível mecanismo para abordar discussões emergentes na sociedade, dado seu papel socializador e potencializador de ações criativas em espaços escolares e não escolares, bem como para promover diferentes formas de expressão e participação política e social. Nas periferias, também foi possível identificar o seu potencial no compartilhamento de vivências e anseios, como também a sua atuação nas formas de expressão e interação das juventudes, incluindo-se a dimensão dos seus direitos

MODELO COMPUTACIONAL PARA REGISTRO DE INFODEMIA SOBRE A COVID-19 EM APLICATIVOS DE REDES SOCIAIS

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a large volume of information that was quickly spread and disseminated in society. The infodemic is caused by the ability of social networks to increase the flow of information sharing, making it easier to spread false news and more difficult to differ from true news. Thus, it is necessary to use a computational model to classify information, aimed at detecting fake news. Therefore, an application was idealized which allows the registration of information in text or image format, which are classified by an algorithm and presented in a panel, thus facilitating the verification of the veracity of this information.La pandemia del COVID-19 generó un gran volumen de información que fue rápidamente difundida en la sociedad. La infodemia es causada por la capacidad de las redes sociales para aumentar el flujo de intercambio de información, lo que facilita la difusión de noticias falsas y dificulta la diferenciación de las noticias verdaderas. Por lo tanto, es necesario utilizar un modelo computacional para clasificar la información, con el objetivo de detectar noticias falsas. Por ello, se idealizó una aplicación que permita el registro de información en formato de texto o imagen, las cuales son clasificadas por un algoritmo y presentadas en un panel, facilitando así la verificación de la veracidad de esta información.A pandemia da COVID-19 gerou um grande volume de informações que foram rapidamente espalhadas e difundidas na sociedade. A infodemia é ocasionada devido a capacidade das redes sociais em elevar o fluxo de compartilhamento de informações, tornando cada vez mais fácil a disseminação de notícias falsas e mais difícil de diferi-las das notícias verídicas. Dessa forma, se faz necessário a utilização de um modelo computacional para classificar informações, voltado à detecção de fake news. Sendo assim, idealizou-se uma aplicação a qual permite o cadastro de informações no formato de texto ou imagem, as quais são classificadas por um algoritmo e apresentadas em um painel, facilitando assim a verificação da veracidade dessas informações

ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENFRENTAMENTO NA VIVÊNCIA DA MATERNIDADE FRENTE À EPIDERMÓLISE BOLHOSA

Objective: to know the coping strategies used by the mother of an infant with Epidermolysis Bullosa. Method: a single case study with a qualitative approach carried out with the mother of a six-month-old child with a clinical diagnosis of Epidermolysis Bullosa. Data collection took place between February and March 2020 at the participant's home, through in-depth interviews and observation. The narratives were subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: the thematic categories 'The (re)signifying of motherhood after the diagnosis of Epidermolysis Bullosa' emerged, which addresses the moments of discovery of the rare disease. And ‘The use of the internet as a resource for coping, which presents the movement to acquire theoretical knowledge to enable maternal care for the child. Conclusion: the study made it possible to apprehend the coping strategies used in the experience of motherhood before the birth of a child diagnosed with Epidermolysis Bullosa.Objetivo: conocer las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas por la madre de un lactante con Epidermólisis Bullosa. Método: estudio de caso único con abordaje cualitativo realizado con la madre de un niño de seis meses con diagnóstico clínico de Epidermólisis Bullosa. La recolección de datos ocurrió entre febrero y marzo de 2020 en el domicilio de los participantes, a través de entrevistas en profundidad y observación. Las narraciones fueron sometidas al análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: surgieron las categorías temáticas 'La (re)significación de la maternidad después del diagnóstico de Epidermólisis Bullosa', que aborda los momentos del descubrimiento de la rara enfermedad. Y ‘El uso de internet como recurso para el afrontamiento, que presenta el movimiento para adquirir conocimientos teóricos que posibiliten el cuidado materno hacia el niño. Conclusión: el estudio permitió aprehender las estrategias de enfrentamiento utilizadas en la experiencia de la maternidad antes del nacimiento de un niño diagnosticado con Epidermólisis Bullosa.Objetivo: conhecer as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pela mãe de uma lactente com Epidermólise Bolhosa. Método: estudo de caso único com abordagem qualitativa realizado com a mãe de uma criança com seis meses de idade e diagnóstico clínico de Epidermólise Bolhosa. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre fevereiro e março de 2020 no domicílio da participante, por meio de entrevista em profundidade e observação. As narrativas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo do tipo temática. Resultados: emergiram categorias temáticas, sendo elas “O (res) significar da maternidade após o diagnóstico de Epidermólise Bolhosa”, que aborda os momentos de descoberta da doença rara, bem como a utilização da internet como recurso para o enfrentamento, que apresenta o movimento para aquisição de conhecimentos teóricos para possibilitar o cuidado materno realizados à criança. Conclusão: o estudo permitiu apreender as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas na vivência da maternidade diante do nascimento da criança com diagnóstico de Epidermólise Bolhosa. Descritores: Doenças Raras. Epidermólise Bolhosa. Poder Familiar. Cuidado da Criança. Enfermagem Pediátric

Discrete cutaneous lesions in a critically ill patient treated only for AIDS and miliary tuberculosis: a case report of disseminated histoplasmosis

Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, with disseminated histoplasmosis (HD) being one of its clinical forms. As a consequence of the HIV-AIDS pandemic, HD has become prevalent not only in regions that are recognized as endemic but also in areas not considered endemic, such as Europe and Asia. Its clinical manifestations are varied and mimic several infectious diseases, mainly tuberculosis. In endemic areas, it is the first manifestation of AIDS in 50 to 70% of patients. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis is difficult and HD can lead to death if not diagnosed early and if proper treatment is not instituted. The present report presents a patient with a recent diagnosis of HIV-AIDS, in treatment for miliary tuberculosis, who was diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis because of his dermatological manifestations

Nuclear morphometry and chromatin texture changes in hepatocellular carcinoma samples may predict outcomes of liver transplanted patients

BACKGROUND: Nuclear changes are typical in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Morphometry and chromatin texture analysis are quantitative methods for their quantification. In this study, we analyzed nuclear morphometry and chromatin texture parameters in samples of hepatocellular carcinoma from liver transplant patients and their associations with clinicopathologic variables. METHODS: Samples of HCC and adjacent tissue from 34 individuals were collected in tissue microarray blocks. Stained slides were microphotographed using an optical microscope and nuclear parameters analyzed in ImageJ (FracLac plug-in). ROC curve analysis was used to find accurate cut-offs for differentiation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. The inter-rater agreement was also evaluated. RESULTS: Nuclear morphometric and textural differences were observed between the samples of HCC and adjacent tissue of liver transplant patients. Lower mean gray value (p = 0.034) and Feret diameter (p = 0.024) were associated with higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores. Nuclei with larger area (p = 0.014) and larger Feret diameter (p = 0.035) were associated with lower survival. Lower aspect ratio was associated with HCC recurrence after the transplant (p = 0.048). The cut-off of 1.13 μm (p =  \u3c 0.001) for aspect ratio and cut-off of 21.15 μm (p = 0.038) for perimeter were established for the differentiation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. The morphometric analysis was reproducible to area, circularity, Feret diameter, mean gray value and aspect ratio between observers (p =  \u3c 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear morphometric differences between the HCC and the adjacent tissue samples were associated with prognostic variables (MELD scores, recurrence and survival) and may predict liver transplant patients\u27 outcomes

Nuclear morphometry and chromatin texture changes in hepatocellular carcinoma samples may predict outcomes of liver transplanted patients

Background: Nuclear changes are typical in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Morphometry and chromatin texture analysis are quantitative methods for their quantification. In this study, we analyzed nuclear morphometry and chromatin texture parameters in samples of hepatocellular carcinoma from liver transplant patients and their associations with clinicopathologic variables. Methods: Samples of HCC and adjacent tissue from 34 individuals were collected in tissue microarray blocks. Stained slides were microphotographed using an optical microscope and nuclear parameters analyzed in ImageJ (FracLac plug-in). ROC curve analysis was used to find accurate cut-offs for differentiation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. The inter-rater agreement was also evaluated. Results: Nuclear morphometric and textural differences were observed between the samples of HCC and adjacent tissue of liver transplant patients. Lower mean gray value (p=0.034) and Feret diameter (p=0.024) were associated with higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores. Nuclei with larger area (p=0.014) and larger Feret diameter (p=0.035) were associated with lower survival. Lower aspect ratio was associated with HCC recurrence after the transplant (p=0.048). The cut-off of 1.13 μm (p= < 0.001) for aspect ratio and cut-off of 21.15 μm (p=0.038) for perimeter were established for the differentiation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells. The morphometric analysis was reproducible to area, circularity, Feret diameter, mean gray value and aspect ratio between observers (p= < 0.001). Conclusions: Nuclear morphometric differences between the HCC and the adjacent tissue samples were associated with prognostic variables (MELD scores, recurrence and survival) and may predict liver transplant patients’ outcomes

Exploring the Impact of In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion in the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic-Rich Chestnut Shells: A Preliminary Study

Chestnut shells (CS), the principal by-product of the chestnut processing industry, contain high concentrations of flavonoids and other polyphenols with huge interest for the nutraceuticals field. Nonetheless, the bioaccessibility and bioactivity of phytochemicals can be influenced by their digestibility, making it imperative to evaluate these activities prior to application of CS as a nutraceutical ingredient. This work aims to appraise the effects of in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the bioaccessibility, bioactivity, and metabolic profiling of CS. An increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant/antiradical properties, radical scavenging capacity, and inhibition on acetylcholinesterase activity was evidenced during in vitro simulated digestion. Metabolomic profiling by LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS revealed changes during the simulated digestion, particularly in phenolic compounds (46% of total compounds annotated), lipids (22%), phenylpropanoids (9%), organic acids (7%), carbohydrates (5%), nucleosides (5%), amino acids (4%), and alcohols (1%). Phenolic acids (gallic acid, syringic acid, and hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and flavonoids (epicatechin) were the major polyphenolic classes identified. The heatmap-positive correlations highlighted that the bioactivity of CS is closely related to the phenolic compounds and their bioaccessibility. These findings suggest the reuse of CS as a potential nutraceutical ingredient with antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, encouraging the use of appropriate extraction and/or encapsulation techniques to enhance the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds. © 2023 by the authors.</p

Two-year history of lymphadenopathy and fever caused by Bartonella henselae in a child

We report the case of a 6-year-old boy that presented with enlarged lymph nodes on his neck. He complained of tiredness and discouragement, which worsened during feverish periods. There were no relevant laboratory test abnormalities and serological tests were not reactive. Bartonella henselae DNA was detected by species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. After treatment, the patient progressed with no fever or lymphadenopathy. Bartonellosis is a group of infectious diseases caused by bacteria of the genus Bartonella. This case report is a useful reminder to clinicians that long-term fever of unknown origin can be related to B. henselae infection, even if the specific serology is not reactive

Fluoride aided potassium extraction from Verdete rock by thermal processing with ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. / Extração de potássio auxiliada por flúor da rocha de Verdete por processamento térmico com sulfato ferroso hepta-hidratado

Glauconite is a green-colored monoclinic mineral with hydrated phyllosilicate of potassium and iron. It has low resistance to weathering and is usually found in sandstones and shales, as well as in marls and impure limestones. It is a secondary mineral formed from the modification of iron-rich micas, such as biotite. Even though it is an alternative source of potassium, it is still not extracted commercially on a large scale due to the lack of commercial technology that makes the business viable economically.Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate is a residue or by-product formed during the pickling of iron and steel and also in the manufacture of titanium dioxide from the ilmenite.Iron, as a raw material for the production of reagents, is abundant in the tailings of this metal.The use of ferrous sulfate as a sulfating agent has the advantage of being more selective and less aggressive during processing, in addition to the property of being thermosensitive.Fluorine accelerates this sulfation process due to an ionic substitution action on the structure of glauconite and on compounds that prevent the reaction, such as calcium sulfate.This work has investigated the release of potassium by dissolution in a 2% (w/w)citric acid solution in water, after previous thermal and chemical processing of glauconite rock (10% K2O) from Cedro doAbaeté - MG - Brazil with ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and NaF in the ratio (1.00: 0.70: 0.01), respectively.Potassium soluble in citric acid and not soluble in water characterizes a slow acting fertilizer.Thermal processing was performed at temperatures of 500°C and 700°C for 6h in a fluidized bed oven.The selection of ferrous sulphate was based on a thermodynamic evaluation of the system.The results showed that the thermal processing of the rock and ferrous sulfate mixture alone was not effective for the release of potassium in aqueous solution and in citric acid.The extraction of potassium from raw rock in citric acid was 7%.The mixture of rock and ferrous sulfate, without fluoride, in citric acid had an extraction rate of 6.8%.However, the same mixture with addition of 29ppm of fluorine had different results, in water (20% at 700°C) and mainly in citric acid (52.1% at 700°C), increasing the availability of potassium in more than 7 times when compared to the availability of rock potassium in natura.This study confirms that the combined effects of fluorine and temperature of thermal processing increase the release of potassium from glauconite