Os dois lados da moeda: uma análise B2B e B2C do ChefsClub

Com a economia cada vez mais incerta, novos modelos de empresa vão surgindo para se adaptar a ela e aos novos hábitos dos consumidores. Uma das formas encontradas para economizar nesses novos tempos são os descontos. Assim, no presente estudo, procura-se analisar o ChefsClub, empresa do Rio de Janeiro que se considera um “clube de gastronomia” e oferece descontos de 30 a 50% em restaurantes considerados de alta cozinha, em especial sua relação com os dois pilares fundamentais para seu modelo de negócios, o B2B e o B2C. Para isto, foram realizadas pesquisas nos dois setores, sendo uma pesquisa quantitativa no B2C; e pesquisas qualitativas no B2B, com os parceiros da empresa, e no B2C, com os assinantes do serviço. Também foram analisados outros meios de comunicação da empresa como Facebook, Instagram e Blog; e sua reputação através do Reclame Aqui, com o objetivo de diagnosticar os principais motivos de insatisfação dos usuários. Foram encontradas diversas falhas na comunicação da empresa com os dois polos de seu negócio e sugeridas melhorias do serviço

REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DO CONCEITO DE TEMPO POR PROFESSORES DO PRIMEIRO ANO DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL I

Esse artigo tem como objetivo apresentarresultados de pesquisa sobre as representações sociais do conceito de tempo, por professores do primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental I, de uma cidade do interior da Bahia. Foi utilizada, como aporte teórico metodológico, a Teoria das Representações Sociais, por entendermos que a forma como as professoras representam o conceito de tempo guiam a ação delas, junto às crianças, na sala de aula. Participaram do estudo quarenta e cinco professoras do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental I. Os dados foram coletados pelo Questionário de Associação Livre (Q.A.L.). Os resultados apontaram representações próximas das dimensões religiosa e econômica, evidenciando-se a presença de um conhecimento de senso comum, próximo da realidade das professoras e a ausência de conhecimento cientifico piagetiano, acerca da construção da noção de tempo, pela criança.   &nbsp

Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de COVID-19 na VIII região de saúde de Pernambuco, Brasil: Epidemiological profile of COVID-19 cases in the VIII health region of Pernambuco, Brazil

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of COVID-19 in the VIII Health Region of Pernambuco, in order to better understand the situation in which the disease is spreading. Method: This is a cross sectional, descriptive, quantitative study carried out between March and October 2020 in a health region. Results: It was noted that the total cases of the disease predominate in females between the age group of 30-39 years, however the severe cases and deaths presented a different profile, affecting more males as the age increases. In the temporal distribution, more critical and more stable periods were observed, however not consistent with a significant control of the disease. The occurrence of deaths was not imminent to the emergence of cases. The most populous city concentrated the majority of deaths, but the highest lethality occurred in the city with the smallest population in the Health Region. Some comorbidities such as Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease predominated in cases that progressed to death and symptoms respiratory symptoms were characteristic. Conclusion: The epidemiological profile of Covid-19 in the VIII Health Region of Pernambuco, in the researched period, is complex and dynamic, with a predominance of mild cases, the incidence indicating the municipalities of Orocó and Lagoa Grande with higher risk of disease, mortality in the region lower than 2%, and spatial concentration of the disease among the neighboring municipalities of Petrolina.Objetivos: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la COVID-19 en la VIII Región Sanitaria de Pernambuco, para comprender mejor la situación de propagación de la enfermedad. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo, realizado entre marzo y octubre de 2020, en una región sanitaria. Resultados: Se observó que el total de casos de la enfermedad predominan en el sexo femenino, entre el grupo etario de 30-39 años, sin embargo los casos graves y las defunciones presentaron un perfil diferente, afectando más al sexo masculino a medida que aumenta el grupo etario. En la distribución temporal se observaron períodos más críticos y más estables, sin embargo no consistentes con un control significativo de la enfermedad. La ocurrencia de muertes no fue inminente a la aparición de casos. El municipio más poblado concentró la mayor parte de las muertes, pero la mayor letalidad ocurrió en el municipio con menor población de la Región de Salud. Predominaron algunas comorbilidades como la Diabetes Mellitus y la Enfermedad Cardiovascular en los casos que progresaron a la muerte y los síntomas respiratorios fueron característicos. Conclusión: El perfil epidemiológico de la Covid-19 en la VIII Región Sanitaria de Pernambuco, en el período estudiado, es complejo y dinámico, con predominio de casos leves, indicando la incidencia los municipios de Orocó y Lagoa Grande con mayor riesgo de la enfermedad, letalidad en la región inferior al 2% y concentración espacial de la enfermedad entre los municipios vecinos de Petrolina.Objetivos: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico da COVID-19 na VIII Região de Saúde de Pernambuco, a fim de compreender melhor a conjuntura de propagação da doença. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, do tipo quantitativo realizado, entre os meses de março a outubro de 2020, em uma região de saúde. Resultados: Notou-se que os casos totais da doença predominam no sexo feminino, entre faixa etária de 30-39 anos, entretanto os casos graves e óbitos apresentaram um perfildiferente, acometendo mais o sexo masculino à medida que eleva a faixa etária. Na distribuição temporal, foram observados períodos mais críticos e mais estáveis, todavia não condizentes com um controle significativo da doença. A ocorrência de óbitos não foi iminente ao surgimento de casos. O município mais populoso concentrou a maioria dos óbitos, porém a maior letalidade ocorreu no município com menor população da Região de Saúde. Algumas comorbidades como Diabetes Mellitus e Doença Cardiovascular predominaram nos casos que evoluíram para óbito e os sintomas respiratórios foram característicos. Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico da Covid-19 na VIII Região de Saúde de Pernambuco, no período estudado, é complexo e dinâmico, possui predominância de casos leves, incidência indicando os municípios de Orocó e Lagoa Grande com maior risco à doença, letalidade da região inferior a 2% e concentração espacial da doença entre municípios limítrofes de Petrolina

TERMINAÇÃO DE BOVINOS BRANGUS INTEIROS E CASTRADOS COM CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM) OU SILAGEM DE CAPIM MOMBAÇA (PANICUM MAXIMUM CV MOMBAÇA)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o consumo, o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e a viabilidade econômica da utilização de cana de açúcar in natura e da silagem de capim mombaça na terminação de novilhos Brangus inteiros e castrados.Utilizaram-se 140 bovinos Brangus, com média de 21 meses e 355 kg de peso vivo, identificados e distribuídos aleatoriamente nos tratamentos: T1, 37 animais inteiros e T2, 37 animais castrados, ambos recebendo cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum) triturada in natura; T3, 33 animais inteiros e T4, 33 animais castrados, ambos recebendo silagem de capim mombaça (Panicum maximum cv mombaça).Para avaliação econômica, levantaram-se os custos completos para a produção dos volumosos oriundos da própria fazenda, foram consideradas também despesas com alimentos concentrados, diesel, mão-de-obra, manutenção de equipamentos e controle de parasitas. O peso final dos animais inteiros foi maior (

Healing of Skin Wounds in Rats: Influence of Low-Level Laser Therapy, Alone or Combined with Natural Products

Background: A great variety of natural products have been evaluated for the skin wound healing due to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and procollagen synthesis, of which may be mentioned the honey and propolis. In turn, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is considered an important tool in the treatment of skin wounds, because of ability to raise the ATP production, to stimulate the microcirculation, and formation of new blood vessels. Therefore,this study aimed to assess the influence of LLLT, alone or combined with natural products, in the healing of excisional skin wounds in rats. Materials, Methods & Results:  One hundred twenty-six male Wistar rats, aged 14 weeks, were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 18 per group) according to wound treatments: G1 (negative control): 0.9% saline solution; G2 (positive control): allantoin + zinc oxide ointment; G3: LLLT; G4: mixture of honey + 5% propolis hydroalcoholic solution; G5: LLLT + honey + hydroalcoholic solution of 5% propolis; G6: LLLT + honey in natura; G7: LLLT + 5% propolis hydroalcoholic solution. Six rats from each group were euthanized on the 7th, 14th, and 21th postoperative days. Macroscopic and histological evaluations of wound healing were performed. A decrease in wound area occurred in all groups, but in general G4 had the higher reduction and G1 and G3 had the lower reductions. These findings corresponded to the percentage of wound contraction, since the largest contraction was G4 and the lowest contractions were G1 and G3. Histological analysis showed no significant difference among groups on the 7th postoperative day. On postoperative day 14, a significant decrease in hemorrhage occurred between G1xG4, G1xG5 and G1xG7, and a significant decrease in congestion between G1xG7 and G2xG5. In addition, intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate showed a significant reduction between G1xG7, G2xG7 and G3xG7. On postoperative day 21, a significant changed from mixed to mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate was observed between G1xG3, G1xG4, G1xG6, G1xG7, G2xG3, and G2xG6. Regarding organization of fibroblasts, there were differences between G1xG6 and G1xG7. Discussion: Spite the red laser has been associated to in increase fibroblast proliferation, G3 showed inadequate decrease in wound area and percentage of contraction. Histological examination showed no differences among groups in the inflammatory phase. However, in the proliferative and remodeling phases around days 14 and 21 were found some differences among groups, which may be related to the actions of the natural products, or laser. Studies have shown that honey acts as a repair and anti-inflammatory agent in skin woundthat may be associated to lower hemorrhage in G4 and G4 compared to G1 on day 14. Propolis is related to reduction of free radicals and increasing the amount of collagen, which may have contributed for quality improvement of the inflammatory infiltrate in G4 and G7 compared to G1, and fibroblast organization in G7 at postoperative day 21. In conclusion, macroscopically the mixture of honey + 5% propolis hydroalcoholic solution was the most effective in reducing wound area and increasing wound contraction. However, based on the parameters evaluated histologically, may be highlighted the evolution of the treatments with LLLT + honey, as well as LLLT + 5% propolis hydroalcoholic solution. Keywords: honey, propolis, biomodulation, wound, healing

PD-L1 may mediate T-cell exhaustion in a case of early diffuse Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (L.) amazonensis

Introduction: Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare disease form associated with Leishmania (L.) amazonensis in South America. It represents the “anergic” pole of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, and the explanation for its resistance to treatment remains elusive. We aimed to study some possible immunological mechanisms involved in the poor DCL treatment response by evaluating some cell surface molecules obtained from a patient with DCL by flow cytometry. Case presentation: A 65-year-old DCL patient who initially failed to respond to the standard treatment for the disease showed vacuolated macrophages filled with amastigotes in lesion biopsy, and L. (L.) amazonensis was identified through ITS1PCR amplification. The Leishmania skin test and indirect immunofluorescence analysis revealed negative results. Peripheral blood from the patient was collected after a few months of treatment, when the patient presented with no lesion. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed ex vivo and in vitro after 48 h of stimulation with soluble L. (L.) amazonensis antigen (SLA). Cell death, surface molecules, and intracellular molecules, such as IFN-γ and granzyme B, were analyzed in the cells using flow cytometry. Analysis of the surface markers showed an increased expression of the inhibitory molecule programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in the monocytes restimulated with SLA (approximately 65%), whereas the negative controls were 35% positive for PD-L1. Conversely, compared with the negative controls, we observed a decrease in CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells (8.32 versus 1.7%) and CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells (14% versus 1%). We also observed a relevant decrease in the granzyme B levels in the CD8+ T cells, from 31% in the negative controls to 5% after SLA restimulation. Conclusion: The dysfunctional activation of PD-L1 inhibitory pathway after Leishmania antigen stimulation and reduced levels of IFN-gamma and granzyme B-producing cells could be closely related to unresponssiveness to standard drug treatment of DCL patient

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost