The evaluation of Pat-Pat related injuries in the western black sea region of Turkey

BACKGROUND: Accidents caused by motorized vehicle in the agricultural sector are frequently observed. In Turkey; accidents arising from motorized vehicles, named Pat-Pat, which are used by farmers in the Western Black Sea region is not unusual. METHODS: One hundred five patients who were brought into the Emergency Department of Duzce University, Medical Faculty Hospital between September 2009 and August 2010 due to Pat-Pat related accidents were evaluated. RESULTS: The cases consisted of 73 (69.5%) males and 32 (30.5%) females, ranging from 2 to 73 years of age. In the 10-39 age group, a total of 63 (60.0%) cases were determined. The months when the greatest rate of cases applied to the hospital consisted of July, August, September and the season is summer. The cases were exposed to trauma in roads in 54 (51.4%), and 51 (48.6%) occurred in agricultural area without roads. Eighty seven (82.9%) cases were injured due to the overturning of vehicle. The patients were brought to the hospital using a private vehicle in 54 (51.4%) of the cases and in 51 (48.6%) cases, 112 ambulance system was used. The cases were determined to apply to the hospital most frequently between 6 pm-12 am. The injuries frequently consisted of head-neck and spine traumas, thorax traumas and upper extremity traumas. In 55 (52.4%) cases, open wound-laceration was determined. Seventy five (71.4%) cases were treated in the Emergency Department, and 28 (26.7%) were hospitalized. Three (2.9%) cases were deceased. CONCLUSIONS: Serious injuries can occur in Pat-Pat related accidents, and careful systematic physical examination should be conducted. In order to prevent these accidents, education of farm operators and engineering studies on the mechanics and safety of these vehicles should be taken and legal regulations should be created

An efficientnet to classify monkeypox-comparable skin lesions using transfer learning

Monkeypox is an infectious illness caused by the DNA-based monkeypox virus, which has raised public health concerns due to its rapid transmission to over 50 countries. Direct physical interaction with infected humans or infected animals is the main reason behind the spread of this virus. The appearance of skin problems such as smallpox and rashes are the most frequently reported symptoms of this virus. Since cases of monkeypox are increasing rapidly around the world, stopping the spread of this zoonosis by providing early diagnosis and treatment is crucial before the emergence of a pandemic similar to COVID-19. In this study, we aim to propose a transfer learning-based approach using the EfficientNet-B0 architecture to identify monkeypox subjects by using skin lesion image samples. However, distinguishing monkeypox from other comparable infectious skin illnesses like chickenpox and measles is challenging. Therefore, additionally, this study identifies other diseases that also cause blisters and rashes on the skin, like chickenpox, and measles. During the data distribution phase, 5-fold cross-validation is used to validate the work's reliability by assuring that every sample is utilized for training and validation. For the evaluation of the model's classification performance, accuracy and loss are recorded for each training epoch. Moreover, precision, recall, F1-score, and confusion matrix are generated upon completion of the model training. This proposed approach is experimented on a public dataset and has shown remarkable performance by providing an overall 96.53% classification accuracy, 96.57% precision, 96.53% recall, and 96.52% F1-score

Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

Background: Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America from February to May 2021. A questionnaire was utilized to assess the perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 and its plausible determinants. A logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with such risk perceptions. Results: A total of 1,646 responses were included in the analysis of the perceived risk of becoming infected and dying from COVID-19. Our data suggested that 36.4% of participants had a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, while only 22.4% had a perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Being a woman, working in healthcare-related sectors, contracting pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, as well as seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV were all associated with a higher perceived risk of becoming infected with COVID-19. In addition, being a woman, elderly, having heart disease and pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, and seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV had a higher perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Conclusions: The perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 are relatively low among respondents; this suggests the need to conduct health campaigns to disseminate knowledge and information on the ongoing pandemic

The impact of immediate breast reconstruction on the time to delivery of adjuvant therapy: the iBRA-2 study

Background: Immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is routinely offered to improve quality-of-life for women requiring mastectomy, but there are concerns that more complex surgery may delay adjuvant oncological treatments and compromise long-term outcomes. High-quality evidence is lacking. The iBRA-2 study aimed to investigate the impact of IBR on time to adjuvant therapy. Methods: Consecutive women undergoing mastectomy ± IBR for breast cancer July–December, 2016 were included. Patient demographics, operative, oncological and complication data were collected. Time from last definitive cancer surgery to first adjuvant treatment for patients undergoing mastectomy ± IBR were compared and risk factors associated with delays explored. Results: A total of 2540 patients were recruited from 76 centres; 1008 (39.7%) underwent IBR (implant-only [n = 675, 26.6%]; pedicled flaps [n = 105,4.1%] and free-flaps [n = 228, 8.9%]). Complications requiring re-admission or re-operation were significantly more common in patients undergoing IBR than those receiving mastectomy. Adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy was required by 1235 (48.6%) patients. No clinically significant differences were seen in time to adjuvant therapy between patient groups but major complications irrespective of surgery received were significantly associated with treatment delays. Conclusions: IBR does not result in clinically significant delays to adjuvant therapy, but post-operative complications are associated with treatment delays. Strategies to minimise complications, including careful patient selection, are required to improve outcomes for patients

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Primary Hydatid Cyst of the Chest Wall

WOS: 000308968400015PubMed: 22249910

Management of traumatic pneumothorax

PubMed ID: 20890013[No abstract available

Surgical treatment and management of anaesthesia in bronchogenic cysts [Bronkojenik kistlerde cerrahi tedavi ve anestezi yönetimi]

Introduction: Bronchogenic cysts are lesions that occur as a result of abnormal development of the tracheobronchial system during embryological life, and they are usually localized on lung parenchyma or mediastinum. Case reports: Three male and two female cases radiologically diagnosed as bronchogenic cysts were followed-up in our clinic. Bronchogenic cysts were localized in the mediastinum (n=3), within parenchyma (n=1), and subcutaneous layers at jugulum (n=1). Cystic structures were totally resected together with their walls and epithelia through standard posterolateral thoracotomy incision under single lung ventilation in four cases and a horizontal jugular incision was used under local anesthesia in one case. An efficient patient- controlled analgesia was provided for thoracotomy patients during the postoperative period. All patients histopathologically diagnosed as bronchogenic cyst were discharged without any problem. The cases were followed-up for 6 month and 2 years, and any long-term complication and recurrence did not observed. Conclusion: Complete surgical resection of bronchogenic cysts allows for the establishment of definitive pathological diagnosis and absolute cure in cases with bronchogenic cysts. Efficient anesthetic management and postoperative patient- controlled analgesia improve patient comfort and shorten recovery period

Bilaterally recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax due to lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Pulmoner lenfanjiyoleiomyomatozis oldukça nadir görülen bir interstisyel akciğer hastalığıdır. Klinik tablo genellikle nüks spontan pnömotoraks ve progresif dispne şeklindedir. Kesin bir tedavi seçeneği olmamakla birlikte, yıllar içerisinde akciğer parankiminde oluşan multikistik destrüksiyonla solunum yetmezliğine neden olmaktadır. Otuz dokuz yaşında kadın hasta ani başlayan nefes darlığı ve yaygın göğüs ağrısı yakınmaları ile kliniğimize başvurdu. Oskültasyonda her iki akciğerde solunum seslerinde azalma tespit edildi. Akciğer grafisinde iki taraflı pnömotoraks gözlenmesi üzerine iki taraflı tüp torakostomi uygulandı. Toraks tomografisinde sağda daha fazla olmak üzere her iki akciğerde yerleşmiş birkaç ince duvarlı kistik yapı tespit edildi. Hastaya sağ posterolateral torakotomi ile büllektomi, apikal kama rezeksiyonu, apikal parietal plörektomi ve geri kalan plevral alanlara mekanik plevral abrazyon yapıldı. Hastada bir ay sonra oluşan sol nüks pnömotoraks nedeni ile sol posterolateral torakotomi ile büllektomi, bül ligasyonu, apikal kama rezeksiyonu, apikal parietal plörektomi ve geri kalan plevral alanlara mekanik plevral abrazyon uygulandı. Histopatolojik inceleme ile hastaya lenfanjiyoleiomyomatozis tanısı konuldu. İki yıllık takip süresinin sonunda pnömotoraks nüksü gözlenmedi. İki taraflı nüks spontan pnömotoraks gelişen premenopozal kadınlarda lenfanjiyoleiomyomatozis mutlaka akılda tutulmalıdır. Bu hastalarda konservatif yöntemlerle pnömotoraksın sıklık ile nüks etmesi nedeni ile erken dönemde cerrahi tedavi yapılmalıdır.Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is an extremely rare interstitial lung disease. The clinical presentation is generally recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax and progressive dyspnea. No definitive treatment option is available and it leads to respiratory failure due to multicystic destruction of the lung parenchyma in the following years. A 39-year- old female patient was admitted to our clinic with the complaints of sudden onset dyspnea and diffuse chest pain. Auscultation revealed decreased respiratory sounds in both lungs. Chest X-ray showed bilateral pneumothorax and bilaterally tube thoracostomy was performed. Thoracic tomography demonstrated a few thin-wall cystic structures in both lungs with a higher number on the right side. We performed bullectomy, apical wedge resection, apical parietal pleurectomy and mechanic pleural abrasion on residual pleural spaces through right posterolateral thoracotomy. One month later, we performed bullectomy, bulla ligation, apical wedge resection, apical parietal pleurectomy and mechanic pleural abrasion on residual pleural spaces through left posterolateral thoracotomy due to the left recurrent pneumothorax. The patient was diagnosed with lymphangioleiomyomatosis based on the histopathological examination. No recurrent pneumothorax was observed at the end of the two-year follow- up period. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis should be kept in mind in premenopausal women who have bilaterally recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. Early surgical treatment should be planned in these patients due to multiple pneumothorax recurrences with conservative procedures