Sex Difference in Cardiorespiratory Stress from High-Intensity Interval Exercise

High-intensity interval exercise is time efficient and has similar cardiorespiratory health benefits as moderate-intensity continuous exercise. However, the prescription of high-intensity exercise may differ between men and women due to sex differences in cardiovascular function. PURPOSE: Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine whether sex differences exist for absolute and relative oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) when exercise was performed at a percentage of maximal cycling work rate measured in watts (Wmax). METHODS: We recruited 8 active college-aged participants (5 men, 3 women). Participants completed an incremental maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer while VO2, HR, and Wmax were recorded. On a separate day, participants completed a high intensity interval session (4 min bouts with 3 min active recovery) prescribed at 65%Wmax for each bout and at 15%Wmax for the recovery. VO2, HR, and W were averaged from the last minute of each exercise bout for analysis using an independent t-test for sex comparisons. Data are reported in means ± standard deviations and significance was set at PRESULTS: Men exercised at a greater absolute workload than women during interval exercise (191±14 vs. 95±15 W; P2 was higher in men than women during exercise (2.7±0.4 vs. 1.5±0.3 L/min; PP=0.23). Relative VO2 (67±11 vs. 74±6 %VO2max; P=0.15) and HR (95±3 vs. 93±3 %HRmax; P=0.30) were also similar during exercise between sexes. CONCLUSION: In summary, these preliminary data suggest prescribing high-intensity interval exercise at a percentage of maximal work rate results in similar relative cardiorespiratory stress between men and women

Elaboración de recursos didácticos para la enseñanza de logística mediante el método de casos

El presente documento contiene varios conceptos básicos para la implementación de la metodología de casos para cátedras de Post-grados. El método del caso consiste básicamente en la narración de una situación concreta de negocio con la finalidad de ayudar en el proceso pedagógico enseñanza-aprendizaje de un campo en concreto del saber. El Capítulo I está conformado por el Marco Teórico, que contiene información y conceptos generales la metodología de casos. La información explica el significado de un caso de estudio, en conocer las diferentes aplicaciones en el área educativa y en el desarrollo de habilidades que adquieren los estudiantes al aplicar la metodología. El Capítulo II desarrolla una investigación sobre el estado actual, conocimiento e impacto del uso de la metodología de casos en los estudios de maestría de logística de la Universidad Francisco Gavidia. El Capítulo III se describen cuatro casos de situaciones a las que se enfrentan las empresas y los hechos y opiniones de las que dependen los gerentes para tomar sus decisiones. El análisis de casos le permite al alumno aprender a través de la experiencia y los comentarios de sus compañeros. Además de la redacción de casos, se proporciona la fundamentación teórica y metodológica para que el profesor pueda desarrollarlo y crear un ambiente de aprendizaje distinto y productivo para todos los participantes

DO FIELD PARTNERS ADD VALUE TO CROWDFUNDED MICROFINANCE? AN INDUSTRY APPROACH

The framework of this study is the ¯eld of crowdfunded micro¯nance that represents a way to scale up ¯nancial access, leveraging digital technology applications. A key element of this value chain is the ¯eld partner, represented by a local Micro¯nance Institution (MFI) that intermediates between the crowdfunding platform and the individual borrowers or group of borrowers. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to measure the ¯nancial and prosocial contributions of ¯eld partners through crowdfunded microloans. Methodologically, this prosocial impact is measured with an innovative approach, by using network theory to describe the supply and value chains that link crowdfunding investors to ¯eld partners and, consequently, to micro-borrowers. The main contribution of this study is the introduction of a global indicator able to quantify the increase of the social impact and the ¯nancial system of a country, coming from the presence of ESG-compliant crowdfunded microloans

Optimization of electronic nose drift correction applied to tomato volatile profiling

This is a pre-print of an article published in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-021-03340-5E-noses can be routinely used to evaluate the volatile profile of tomato samples once the sensor drift and standardization issues are adequately solved. Short-term drift can be corrected using a strategy based on a multiplicative drift correction procedure coupled with a PLS adaptation of the component correction. It must be performed specifically for each sequence, using all sequence signals data. With this procedure, a drastic reduction of sensor signal %RSD can be obtained, ranging between 91.5 and 99.7% for long sequences and between 75.7 and 98.8% for short sequences. On the other hand, long-term drift can be fixed up using a synthetic reference standard mix (with a representation of main aroma volatiles of the species) to be included in each sequence that would enable sequence standardization. With this integral strategy, a high number of samples can be analyzed in different sequences, with a 94.4% success in the aggrupation of the same materials in PLS-DA two-dimensional graphical representations. Using this graphical interface, e-noses can be used to developed expandable maps of volatile profile similitudes, which will be useful to select the materials that most resemble breeding objectives or to analyze which preharvest and postharvest procedures have a lower impact on the volatile profile, avoiding the costs and sample limitations of gas chromatography

¿Es efectivo el aprendizaje sobre alfabetización en información para estudiantes de enfermería?

Objective: The structured development on informatics and long term information literacy skills are urgently required for undergraduate nurses. Therefore, the improvement in the skills of information literacy of nursing students and evaluation of the learning process were proposed. Methods: A teaching-learning process on information literacy was developed with 80 students, who had to submit a report for evaluation of the learning process. A quasi-experimental design was used with a group for the evaluation of acquired knowledge, to which a pretest and post-test was applied. Results: 82.5% of students passed the report. Almost all participants were satisfied with the learning process. In the self-assessment of knowledge acquired, the means obtained were significantly higher in the post-test, while the effect size was very high. Conclusions: There is evidence that the teaching-learning process to improve information literacy has been effective. The main contribution has been to incorporate information literacy into the students’ curriculum.Objetivo: Es urgente realizar programas dirigidos a las enfermeras de pregrado para desarrollar destrezas informáticas y sobre alfabetización de la información a largo plazo. Por ello se propuso mejorar las destrezas en alfabetización en información de los/as estudiantes de Enfermería y evaluar el proceso de aprendizaje. Metodología: Se ha desarrollado un proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje para la alfabetización informacional de 80 estudiantes, que debían presentar para la evaluación un informe del proceso de aprendizaje. Se ha utilizado un diseño cuasi experimental con un grupo para la evaluación de conocimientos adquiridos, al que se le aplicó un pretest y un postest. Resultados: El 82.5% de los/as estudiantes ha superado el informe. Casi todos los participantes se han mostrado satisfechos/as con el proceso de aprendizaje. En la autovaloración de los conocimientos adquiridos, las medias obtenidas fueron significativamente mayores en el postest, siendo el tamaño de efecto muy grande. Conclusiones: Existen evidencias de que el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje para mejorar la alfabetización en información ha sido efectivo. La principal contribución ha sido incorporar la alfabetización de la información en el currículum de los/as estudiantes

Quantification of prominent volatile compounds responsible for muskmelon and watermelon aroma by purge and trap extraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination

A dynamic headspace purge-and-trap (DHS-P&T) methodology for the determination and quantification of 61 volatile compounds responsible for muskmelon and watermelon aroma has been developed and validated. The methodology is based on the application of purge-and-trap extraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to (ion trap) mass spectrometry detection. For this purpose two different P&T sorbent cartridges have been evaluated. The influence of different extraction factors (sample weight, extraction time, and purge flow) on extraction efficiency has been studied and optimised using response surface methodology. Precision, expressed as repeatability, has been evaluated by analysing six replicates of real samples, showing relative standard deviations between 3% and 27%. Linearity has been studied in the range of 10–6130 ng mL−1 depending on the compound response, showing coefficients of correlation between 0.995 and 0.999. Detection limits ranged between 0.1 and 274 ng g−1. The methodology developed is well suited for analysis of large numbers of muskmelon and watermelon samples in plant breeding programs

An Interval Valued K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier

The K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) classifier has become a well-known, successful method for pattern classification tasks. In recent years, many enhancements to the original algorithm have been proposed. Fuzzy sets theory has been the basis of several proposed models towards the enhancement of the nearest neighbors rule, being the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbors (FuzzyKNN) classifier the most notable procedure in the field. In this work we present a new approach to the nearest neighbor classifier based on the use of interval valued fuzzy sets. The use and implementation of interval values facilitates the membership of the instances and the computation of the votes in a more flexible way than the original FuzzyKNN method, thus improving its adaptability to different supervised learning problems. An experimental study, contrasted by the application of nonparametric statistical procedures, is carried out to ascertain whether the Interval Valued K-Nearest Neighbor (IV-KNN) classifier proposed here is significantly more accurate than k-NN, FuzzyKNN and other fuzzy nearest neighbor classifiers. We conclude that the IV-KNN is indeed significantly more accurate than the rest of classifiers analyzed

the melas mutation m 3243a g promotes reactivation of fetal cardiac genes and an epithelial mesenchymal transition like program via dysregulation of mirnas

Abstract The pathomechanisms underlying oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) diseases are not well-understood, but they involve maladaptive changes in mitochondria-nucleus communication. Many studies on the mitochondria-nucleus cross-talk triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction have focused on the role played by regulatory proteins, while the participation of miRNAs remains poorly explored. MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) is mostly caused by mutation m.3243A>G in mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene. Adverse cardiac and neurological events are the commonest causes of early death in m.3243A>G patients. Notably, the incidence of major clinical features associated with this mutation has been correlated to the level of m.3243A>G mutant mitochondrial DNA (heteroplasmy) in skeletal muscle. In this work, we used a transmitochondrial cybrid model of MELAS (100% m.3243A>G mutant mitochondrial DNA) to investigate the participation of miRNAs in the mitochondria-nucleus cross-talk associated with OXPHOS dysfunction. High-throughput analysis of small-RNA-Seq data indicated that expression of 246 miRNAs was significantly altered in MELAS cybrids. Validation of selected miRNAs, including miR-4775 and miR-218-5p, in patient muscle samples revealed miRNAs whose expression declined with high levels of mutant heteroplasmy. We show that miR-218-5p and miR-4775 are direct regulators of fetal cardiac genes such as NODAL, RHOA, ISL1 and RXRB, which are up-regulated in MELAS cybrids and in patient muscle samples with heteroplasmy above 60%. Our data clearly indicate that TGF-β superfamily signaling and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like program are activated in MELAS cybrids, and suggest that down-regulation of miRNAs regulating fetal cardiac genes is a risk marker of heart failure in patients with OXPHOS diseases

Evaluation of Project Duration Uncertainty using the Dependency Structure Matrix and Monte Carlo Simulations

The sequence of tasks is vital to the development of any project. The order of tasks is influenced by the information flow among them. The dependency structure matrix (DSM) can be used to model information flow. However, the information used by the DSM, including task duration, time required for communication, and task overlap, can have uncertain values. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of uncertainty on the scheduling of tasks using the DSM. Monte Carlo Simulation is applied to represent uncertainty in time estimates for projects using DSM. Conventional project duration, normal project duration with communication times, and normal project duration containing natural overlapping were considered for project time estimations. Several distribution functions were used to represent the uncertainty. It is concluded that project duration has normal distribution behavior that is independent of the type of input parameter distribution functions; that mean values of the input parameters give a good estimation of mean project duration; that interval and inner interval arithmetic give overestimation and underestimation of project duration times respectively.La secuencia de actividades es vital para el desarrollo de cualquier proyecto. El orden de las actividades está influenciado por el flujo de información entre ellas. La matriz de la estructura de dependencias (DSM) se puede utilizar para modelar el flujo de información. Sin embargo, la información utilizada por la DSM puede tener valores inciertos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto de la incertidumbre sobre la programación de actividades utilizando la DSM. La simulación de Monte Carlo se aplica para representar la incertidumbre en las estimaciones de tiempo para proyectos que utilizan DSM. Para las estimaciones de duración de proyecto se consideraron la duración convencional del proyecto, la duración normal de proyecto con tiempos de comunicación, y la duración normal de proyecto con superposición natural. Las incertidumbres se representaron con varias funciones de distribución. Se concluye que la duración de proyecto presenta distribución normal que es independiente del tipo de funciones de distribución de los parámetros de entrada; valores medios de los parámetros de entrada dan una buena estimación de la duración media del proyecto; las aritméticas de intervalo e intervalos interior dan una sobreestimación y subestimación de los tiempos de duración de proyecto respectivamente.Galvez, ED.; Ordieres, JB.; Capuz-Rizo, SF. (2015). Evaluation of Project Duration Uncertainty using the Dependency Structure Matrix and Monte Carlo Simulations. Revista de la Construcción (Online). 14(2):72-79. doi:10.4067/S0718-915X2015000200010S727914