A food web model for the Baffin Bay coastal and shelf ecosystem. Part 1 : Ecopath Technical Report

This work was undertaken as part of a multidisciplinary research project funded by the Marine Observation Prediction and Assessment Network - MEOPAR (at ULaval), Canadian Institute of Health Research – CIHR (at University of Ottawa), and Sentinel North (at ULaval), and hosted at Université Laval, in Canada. The objective of the overall project is to support the food security (i.e., the availability and access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food that meets dietary preference) of Inuit communities of the Eastern Canadian Arctic, as well as to explore ways to adapt to effects of climate change. Inuit fish and hunt local marine species, from invertebrates to fish and marine mammals, which make a large part of their diet and are central to their food security. With temperatures increasing twice as fast as the global average and sea ice becoming thinner and forming later, climate change effects on the distribution and abundance of Arctic marine species are already taking place. To better understand the effects of climate change in important subsistence species, a multi-species model (Ecopath with Ecosim) will be used to inform the development of an integrated ecosystem assessment. The model will be used as a tool to co-create scenarios of ecosystem change with the community of Qikiqtarjuaq, Nunavut, to inform adaptation strategies regarding food security (e.g., potential of new fisheries in the region). This report describes the development of an Ecopath model of the Baffin Bay coastal and shelf ecosystem. The methodology, data used to construct the model, data gaps and limitations are described

Unusual Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum, Bordeaux, France, 2009

Plasmodium falciparum malaria is usually transmitted by mosquitoes. We report 2 cases in France transmitted by other modes: occupational blood exposure and blood transfusion. Even where malaria is not endemic, it should be considered as a cause of unexplained acute fever

Resultados de la tercera temprada de campo 2001 del proyecto Peten noroccidente - La Joyanca, la libertad, Peten

International audienceSe presenta la información arqueológica y geográfica más reciente recuperada en el Noroccidente de Petén a través de investigaciones sistemáticas realizadas tanto en el centro y la periferia del sitio arqueológico La Joyanca como en la región circundante, proponiendo una visión de carácter local y regional. En general, ha existido una laguna de información y excavaciones en esta región de la tierras bajas mayas. Dichas investigaciones aqui resumidas en la presente ponencia aportan nuevos datos sobre las formas del asentamiento de La Joyanca, una "ciudad" de tercer orden, y de otros sitios estudiados en la región

Au pays maya des lacs et des marais recherches archéologiques et géographiques (1999-2001)

National audienceLes sociétés mayas des hautes terres ont connu un déclin culturel marqué à la fin du Préclassique (vers 100-250 apr. JC) au moment où, pour la plupart, les cités mayas des basses terres prenaient leur essor au début du Classique (250-300 apr. J.C.). Environ 600 ans plus tard, celles du Petén (Guatemala) étaient presque toutes abandonnées alors que celles des basses terres du nord connaissaient leur apogée jusqu'au début du Postclassique. En termes géographiques, il s'agit d'analyser l'évolution d'anthropo-systèmes formés en forêt tropicale humide de mousson, soit une des rares zones où s'est développée dans le passé une civilisation puissante, agricole et urbaine sur une longue durée. Le projet Petén nord-ouest La Joyanca a pour objet l'étude d'une communauté socio-politique de rang moyen, d'époque classique, située dans une région des basses terres jusqu'à présent quasiment inconnue du point de vue archéologique. Ce projet est particulier, d'une part car il associe une approche archéologique et géographique, cherchant à restituer l'histoire des hommes en même temps que l'histoire du milieu, d'autre part parce que l'initiative de cette recherche et son financement proviennent d'une compagnie pétrolière. Ce site de la Joyanca apporte des éléments nouveaux dans le corpus des "cités" mayas classiques des basses terres du Petén : désintégration du centre politico-religieux et des ensembles de palais, association étroite au centre, dans le temps et dans l'espace, des lieux de culte et d'un grand édifice politique complexe, faible densité de l'habitat

Green Edge ice camp campaigns : understanding the processes controlling the under-ice Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom

The Green Edge initiative was developed to investigate the processes controlling the primary productivity and fate of organic matter produced during the Arctic phytoplankton spring bloom (PSB) and to determine its role in the ecosystem. Two field campaigns were conducted in 2015 and 2016 at an ice camp located on landfast sea ice southeast of Qikiqtarjuaq Island in Baffin Bay (67.4797∘ N, 63.7895∘ W). During both expeditions, a large suite of physical, chemical and biological variables was measured beneath a consolidated sea-ice cover from the surface to the bottom (at 360 m depth) to better understand the factors driving the PSB. Key variables, such as conservative temperature, absolute salinity, radiance, irradiance, nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a concentration, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton abundance and taxonomy, and carbon stocks and fluxes were routinely measured at the ice camp. Meteorological and snow-relevant variables were also monitored. Here, we present the results of a joint effort to tidy and standardize the collected datasets, which will facilitate their reuse in other Arctic studies

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Conception et mise en place d'un dossier médical informatisé en dermato-cancérologie

Dans le domaine du mélanome, l'utilisation de nouvelles thérapies ciblées révolutionne la prise en charge des patients et suppose de disposer d'informations cliniques précises exhaustives à la fois dans le cadre des soins au patient mais également pour la recherche translationnelle. Le dossier médical personnel (DMP) et le dossier communiquant de cancérologie (DCC) ne remplissent pas ces exigences. L'objectif de ce travail est de concevoir un dossier clinique informatisé pour l'unité de dermato-cancérologie du CHU de Nantes. Dans une première partie, nous avons mené une enquête sur l'avancée de l'informatisation à 3 échelles (locale, nationale et européenne). Dans un second temps, nous avons défini l'ensemble des items nécessaires et pertinents pour ce dossier informatisé. Le projet à terme est de construire à partir de ce dossier une base de données clinico-biologique initialement nantaise puis française dans le cadre du réseau Mélanome afin de pouvoir améliorer la prise en charge médicale des patients atteints de mélanome mais aussi promouvoir la recherche translationnelle dans ce domaine.NANTES-BU Médecine pharmacie (441092101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Quel suivi respiratoire pour les patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique ?

BORDEAUX2-BU Santé (330632101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Association entre le contrôle de la pression artérielle et le rapport sodium/potassium urinaire chez les transplantés rénaux hypertendus

Etude de la relation entre le contrôle de la pression artérielle (PA) mesurée en clinique et/ou à domicile chez des transplantés rénaux (Tr) hypertendus et l'excrétion urinaire du sodium (Na), potassium (K) et de leur rapport (Na/K urinaire et alimentaire) qui pourrait être un indice utile à prendre en compte dans la recherche d'un contrôle efficace de la PA chez les transplantés rénaux

Dietary and urinary excretion of sodium and potassium associated with blood pressure control in treated hypertensive kidney transplant patients

Abstract Background. In kidney transplant (kt) recipients , hypertension is a major risk for cardiovascular complications but also for graft failure. Blood pressure (BP) control is therefore mandatory. Office BP (OBP) remains the most frequently used for clinical decisions, however home BP (HBP) have brought a significant improvement in the BP control. Sodium is a modifiable risk factor, many studies accounted for a decrease of BP with a sodium restricted diet. Increased potassium intake has been also recommended in hypertension management. Using an agreement between office and home BP, the present study investigated the relations between the BP control in kt recipients and their urinary excretion and dietary consumption of sodium and potassium. Methods. The BP control defined by OBP <140/90 mmHg and HBP <135/85 mmHg was measured in 70 kt recipients (mean age 56 ± 11.5 years; mean graft survival 7 ± 6.6 years) treated with antihypertensive medications. OBP and HBP were measured with a validated oscillometric device (Omron M6â). 24-hour urinary sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) excretion as well as dietary intakes (food recall) were compared between controlled and uncontrolled (in office and at home) recipients. Non parametric Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney Test was used for between groups comparisons and Fisher’s exact test for frequencies comparisons. Results. Using an agreement between OBP and HBP, we identified controlled (21%) and uncontrolled recipients (49%). Major confounding effects susceptible to interfere with the BP regulation did not differ between groups, the amounts of sodium excretion were similar (154 ± 93 vs 162 ± 88 mmol/24h) but uncontrolled patients excreted less potassium (68 ± 14 vs 54 ± 20 mmol/24h; P=0.029) and had significantly lower intakes (3279 ± 753 vs 2208 ± 720 mg/24h; P=0.009), resulting in a higher Na+/K+ ratio. Systolic HBP was inversely and significantly correlated to urinary potassium when age, BMI and urinary sodium were controlled (r= -0.46; P=0.002). When age, BMI and urinary potassium were controlled, a positive relation was observed with urinary sodium (P=0.042). Conclusions. Half of the treated hypertensive kt recipients remained uncontrolled in office and at home. Restoring a well-balanced sodium/potassium ratio intakes could be a non pharmacological opportunity to improve blood pressure control