Individual athletes’ biomechanical features of interaction with objects in art gymnastics

Purpose: To design a biomechanical model of interaction of athlete with the subject, as well as the development of areas of its use in practice. Material: The study involved 10 students - athletes. Results: The presented computational schemes create direction of flight of different items (rope, hoop, ball, ribbon, clubs). The characteristics of the time of flight trajectories and with regard for the resistance force of the air environment. Shows the influence of initial parameters on departure flight time items. Graphic characteristics are presented trajectories of objects depending on the parameters of their departure. Conclusions: It is recommended to improve the judicial assessment and effective implementation gymnast exercises during the flight characteristics of the various items to consider trajectories of objects. Note that age, height and distance from the athletes at the end of the flight object defined biomechanical characteristics that can realize an athlete: absolute initial velocity of departure, departure angle, height of the center of mass manufacture items

R-matrix approach to integrable systems on time scales

A general unifying framework for integrable soliton-like systems on time scales is introduced. The $R$-matrix formalism is applied to the algebra of $\delta$-differential operators in terms of which one can construct infinite hierarchy of commuting vector fields. The theory is illustrated by two infinite-field integrable hierarchies on time scales which are difference counterparts of KP and mKP. The difference counterparts of AKNS and Kaup-Broer soliton systems are constructed as related finite-field restrictions.Comment: 21 page

Ranolazyna - nowy lek w nawracających opornych na leczenie arytmiach komorowych?

Introduction. The pharmacological treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) has significant limitations. Ranolazine is a relatively new drug with documented antianginal and anti-ischaemic mechanisms and where preclinical data provides evidence of additional antiarrhythmic properties. The aim of this article was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ranolazine in patients with recurrent antiarrhythmic therapy-refractory VA. Material and methods. This prospective evaluation included 30 patients (pts) (male/female: 26/4; mean age: 65 ± 10 years; coronary artery disease/dilated cardiomyopathy: 20/10; New York Heart Association class I/II/III/IV: 2/14/12/2, left ventricular ejection fraction: 27 ± 10%; implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD): 15 pts, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator with cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT-D): 14 pts with recurrent significant VA [ventricular fibrillation, sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) and/or non-sustained VT, multiple ventricular premature complexes > 1,000//day, biventricular stimulation (BiV) < 95%] and where standard treatment options, i.e. pharmacotherapy, coronary revascularisation, and percutaneous ablation, had proved ineffective. The severity of the arrhythmia was assessed by 24-hour electrocardiographic (ECG) Holter monitoring and in ICD/CRT-D memory recording. The patients received, in addition to the standard pharmacotherapy amiodarone: 18 pts, beta-blocker: 26 pts) ranolazine 375 mg twice daily for three months. Baseline data was compared to the data obtained after the three months of ranolazine treatment

rs67047829 genotypes of ERV3-1/ZNF117 are associated with lower body mass index in the Polish population

There is now substantial evidence that zinc-finger proteins are implicated in adiposity. Aims were to datamine for high-frequency (near-neutral selection) pretermination-codon (PTC) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; n = 141) from a database with > 550,000 variants and analyze possible association with body mass index in a large Polish sample (n = 5757). BMI was regressed (males/females together or separately) against genetic models. Regression for rs67047829 uncovered an interaction-independent association with BMI with both sexes together: mean ± standard deviation, kg/m2: [G];[G], 25.4 ± 4.59 (n = 3650); [G](;)[A], 25.0 ± 4.28 (n = 731); [A];[A], 23.4 ± 3.60 (n = 44); additive model adjusted for age and sex: p = 4.08 × 10–5; beta: − 0.0458, 95% confidence interval (CI) − 0.0732 : − 0.0183; surviving Bonferroni correction; for males: [G];[G], 24.8 ± 4.94 (n = 1878); [G](;)[A], 24.2 ± 4.31 (n = 386); [A];[A], 22.4 ± 3.69 (n = 23); p = 4.20 × 10–4; beta: − 0.0573, CI − 0.0947 : − 0.0199. For average-height males the difference between [G];[G] and [A];[A] genotypes would correspond to ~ 6 kg, suggesting considerable protection against increased BMI. rs67047829 gives a pretermination codon in ERV3-1 which shares an exonic region and possibly promoter with ZNF117, previously associated with adiposity and type-2 diabetes. As this result occurs in a near-neutral Mendelian setting, a drug targetting ERV3-1/ZNF117 might potentially provide considerable benefits with minimal side-effects. This result needs to be replicated, followed by analyses of splice-variant mRNAs and protein expression.The POPULOUS database was the outcome of the project TESTOPLEK which was funded by the Innovative Economy Operational Programme provided by the European Regional Development Fund 2007–2013. This source had no involvement in the study other than funding for the database

Investigation of the cosmic ray population and magnetic field strength in the halo of NGC 891

Context. Cosmic rays and magnetic fields play an important role for the formation and dynamics of gaseous halos of galaxies. Aims. Low-frequency radio continuum observations of edge-on galaxies are ideal to study cosmic-ray electrons (CREs) in halos via radio synchrotron emission and to measure magnetic field strengths. Spectral information can be used to test models of CRE propagation. Free-free absorption by ionized gas at low frequencies allows us to investigate the properties of the warm ionized medium in the disk. Methods. We obtained new observations of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 891 at 129-163 MHz with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) and at 13-18 GHz with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI) and combine them with recent high-resolution Very Large Array (VLA) observations at 1-2 GHz, enabling us to study the radio continuum emission over two orders of magnitude in frequency. Results. The spectrum of the integrated nonthermal flux density can be fitted by a power law with a spectral steepening towards higher frequencies or by a curved polynomial. Spectral flattening at low frequencies due to free-free absorption is detected in star-forming regions of the disk. The mean magnetic field strength in the halo is 7 +/- 2 mu G. The scale heights of the nonthermal halo emission at 146 MHz are larger than those at 1.5 GHz everywhere, with a mean ratio of 1.7 +/- 0.3, indicating that spectral ageing of CREs is important and that diffusive propagation dominates. The halo scale heights at 146 MHz decrease with increasing magnetic field strengths which is a signature of dominating synchrotron losses of CREs. On the other hand, the spectral index between 146 MHz and 1.5 GHz linearly steepens from the disk to the halo, indicating that advection rather than diffusion is the dominating CRE transport process. This issue calls for refined modelling of CRE propagation. Conclusions. Free-free absorption is probably important at and below about 150 MHz in the disks of edge-on galaxies. To reliably separate the thermal and nonthermal emission components, to investigate spectral steepening due to CRE energy losses, and to measure magnetic field strengths in the disk and halo, wide frequency coverage and high spatial resolution are indispensable

Nearby galaxies in the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey : I. Insights into the non-linearity of the radio-SFR relation

Context. Cosmic rays and magnetic fields are key ingredients in galaxy evolution, regulating both stellar feedback and star formation. Their properties can be studied with low-frequency radio continuum observations that are free from thermal contamination. Aims. We define a sample of 76 nearby (&lt;30 Mpc) galaxies with rich ancillary data in the radio continuum and infrared from the CHANG-ES and KINGFISH surveys, which will be observed with the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) at 144 MHz. Methods. We present maps for 45 of them as part of the LoTSS data release 2 (LoTSS-DR2), where we measure integrated flux densities and study integrated and spatially resolved radio spectral indices. We investigate the radio-star formation rate (SFR) relation using SFRs derived from total infrared and H alpha + 24-mu m emission. Results. The radio-SFR relation at 144 MHz is clearly super-linear with L-144mHz proportional to SFR1,4-1,5. The mean integrated radio spectral index between 144 and approximate to 1400 MHz is = -0.56 +/- 0.14, in agreement with the injection spectral index for cosmic ray electrons (CRE5). However, the radio spectral index maps show variation of spectral indices with flatter spectra associated with star-forming regions and steeper spectra in galaxy outskirts and, in particular, in extra-planar regions. We found that galaxies with high SFRs have steeper radio spectra; we find similar correlations with galaxy size, mass, and rotation speed. Conclusions. Galaxies that are larger and more massive are better electron calorimeters, meaning that the CRE lose a higher fraction of their energy within the galaxies. This explains the super-linear radio-SFR relation, with more massive, star-forming galaxies being radio bright. We propose a semi-calorimetric radio-SFR relation that employs the galaxy mass as a proxy for the calorimetric efficiency

Classical R-matrix theory for bi-Hamiltonian field systems

The R-matrix formalism for the construction of integrable systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom is reviewed. Its application to Poisson, noncommutative and loop algebras as well as central extension procedure are presented. The theory is developed for (1+1)-dimensional case where the space variable belongs either to R or to various discrete sets. Then, the extension onto (2+1)-dimensional case is made, when the second space variable belongs to R. The formalism presented contains many proofs and important details to make it self-contained and complete. The general theory is applied to several infinite dimensional Lie algebras in order to construct both dispersionless and dispersive (soliton) integrable field systems.Comment: review article, 39 page