21 research outputs found

    Expression of c-myc, bcl-2 and survivin in cutaneous and oral squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis

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    Genes involved in apoptosis are important and over expression of these genes are thought to contribute to carcinogenesis. Aim: to evaluate the expression of anti-apoptotic factors in a series of epithelial malignancies and actinic keratosis using immunohistochemistry. Design: Laboratory microscopy of stained biopsy specimen. Materials and methods: Sections of specimens diagnosed as cutaneous-SCCs (CSCC), oral-SCCs (OSCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and actinic keratosis (AK) were stained by using c-myc, bcl-2 and survivin antibodies. Results: In AK, c-myc expression was found in the nuclei of epithelium mostly in basal cell layers. In BCC, CSCC and OSCC, c-myc expression was found in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of the tumor cells. Among all the cancer tissues, OSCC showed the strongest positive staining for c-myc. The expression of bcl-2 and survivin in AK were also found mostly as nuclear staining in the basal cell layer areas, while in the other cancer tissues, positive staining were found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of the tumor cell. Conclusion: c-myc expressions correspond to the survivin expressions. c-myc expression was stronger in OSCC than in CSCC and BCC, and weaker in AK than in other malignant tumors. Key Words: c-myc, bcl-2, suvivin, cancer, immunohistochemistry

    Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients

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    Effects of various Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) regimens on oral heath are unclear. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate effects of HAART on oral manifestations, salivary flow rates (SFR) and Candida species in HIV-infected patients who took mostly non-protease inhibitor-based HAART regimens. A cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-infected patients taking and never taken HAART who attended Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre (n = 48). Non-HIV subjects were recruited as control (n = 20). Oral conditions and salivary flow rates were evaluated using oral examination and measurement of unstimulated and stimulated saliva. In addition, Candida colonization counts (colony forming units; CFUs) and Candida species from the collected saliva were evaluated using CHROMagar. The most common oral manifestation in HIV-infected subjects taking HAART was hyperpigmentation. Unstimulated and stimulated SFR among the three groups were not statistically significant. Candida colonization was detected in 64%, 65% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects taking HAART, HAART-naÃŊve, and non-HIV subjects, respectively. While 20% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects with and without HAART, respectively, had Candida CFUs higher than 500/ml, all non-HIV carriers had Candida CFUs lower than 500/ml. The most common Candida colonization species was C. albicans in HAART and non-HIV groups. Interestingly, HAART-naÃŊve group was colonized more by non-albicans species. HAART has minimal effects on oral health. While HAART may not prevent Candida colonization, it might lead to reduction of non-albicans species. Because maintaining low Candida counts is important, HAART administration and antifungal sensitivity test should be considered in HIV-infected patients

    The In Vitro Effect of Royal Jelly, Apis mellifera, on Proliferation of Human Gingival,Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts and Human Bone Cells

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    AbstractObjective: To study the in vitro effect of royal jelly crude extraction (RJCE)on proliferation and osteoblastic activity in 3 cell types which were human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDL) and human hip bone cells (HIP). Method: This study used 24-hour (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxic assay, sulforhodamin B (SRB) proliferation assay and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) assay to evaluate the responses of these three cell types to the RJCE (concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml) after 14-dayculture. Results: It was found that RJCE was cytotoxic to HGF and HPDL at 10 mg/ml, but no cytotoxicity to HIP. From a 6-day-proliferation assay, RJCE showed proliferation inhibition to HGF and HPDL at 5 mg/ml, however, slight proliferation stimulation was observed with lower doses. On the contrary, HIP showed no proliferation response to RJCE for all dosages used up to 5 mg/ml. Stimulation on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity for HPDL and HIP with or without RJCE after 14-day culture was found only in HIP at 5 mg/ml RJCE, and not in HPDL. Conclusion: this present study showed different effect of RJCE on the 3 cell lines proliferation. The positive effect on bone cell proliferation and ALP activity  looks promising for bone regeneration as needed for periodontal disease as well as other bone pathology.Keywords: royal jelly, human gingival fibroblasts, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts, human hip bone cells, cytotoxicity āļšāļ—āļ„āļąāļ”āļĒāđˆāļ­āļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒ: āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāđāļĨāļ°āļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļāđƒāļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ 3 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āļ„āļ·āļ­ āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāđ„āļŸāđ‚āļšāļĢāļšāļĨāļēāļŠāļ•āđŒāļˆāļēāļāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĒāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļ‡āļ·āļ­āļāļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒ (HGF) āļˆāļēāļāđ€āļ­āđ‡āļ™āļĒāļķāļ”āļ›āļĢāļīāļ—āļąāļ™āļ•āđŒ (HPDL) āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļāļŠāļ°āđ‚āļžāļāļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒ (HIP)āļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāļœāļĨāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡ (āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™ 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 āđāļĨāļ°10 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ.) āļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩ (3-(4,5 āđ„āļ”āđ€āļĄāđ‡āļ—āļ˜āļīāļĨāđ„āļ—āļ­āļ°āļ‹āļ­āļĨ-2-āļ­āļīāļĨ)-2,5-āđ„āļ”āđ€āļŸāļ™āļīāļĨāđ€āļ•āļ•āļĢāļ°āđ‚āļ‹āđ€āļĨāļĩāļĒāļĄāđ‚āļšāļĢāđ„āļĄāļ”āđŒ (MTT) āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡ 6āļ§āļąāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ§āļīāļ˜āļĩāļ‹āļąāļĨāđ‚āļŸāđ‚āļĢāļ”āļēāļĄāļīāļ™āļšāļĩ (SRB) āđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļąāļ”āļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļ­āļąāļĨāļ„āļēāđ„āļĨāļ™āđŒāļŸāļ­āļŠāļŸāļēāđ€āļ•āļŠ (ALP) āđ€āļžāļ·āđˆāļ­āļ§āļąāļ”āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļ­āļšāļŠāļ™āļ­āļ‡āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļ—āļąāļ‡āđ‰ 3 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ”āļ•āđˆāļ­āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļēāļ°āđ€āļĨāļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ‡āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āđ€āļ§āļĨāļē 14 āļ§āļąāļ™ āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™ 10 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ.āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļžāļīāļĐāļ•āđˆāļ­ HGF āđāļĨāļ° HPDL āđāļ•āđˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļžāļšāļĪāļ—āļ˜āļīāļ”āđŒ āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§āļ•āđˆāļ­ HIP āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļĒāļąāļšāļĒāļąāļ‡āđ‰āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ HGF āđāļĨāļ° HPDL āļ—āļĩāđˆ 5 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ. āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āļ•āđˆāļģāļāļ§āđˆāļēāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļ”āļąāļ‡āļāļĨāđˆāļēāļ§āđ„āļ”āđ‰āđ€āļĨāđ‡āļāļ™āđ‰āļ­āļĒ āđƒāļ™āļ—āļēāļ‡āļāļĨāļąāļšāļāļąāļ™āļžāļšāļ§āđˆāļēāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļ—āļļāļāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ HIP āđƒāļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ HPDLāđāļĨāļ° HIP āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ•āļīāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āđ„āļĄāđˆāđ€āļ•āļīāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļžāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ§āđˆāļēāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ­āļąāļĨāļ„āļēāđ„āļĨāļ™āđŒāļŸāļ­āļŠāļŸāļēāđ€āļ•āļŠāļ–āļđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļ™HIP āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡ 5 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ. āđ‚āļ”āļĒāđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­ HPDL āļŠāļĢāļļāļ›:āļžāļšāļœāļĨāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāđāļ•āļāļ•āđˆāļēāļ‡āļāļąāļ™āđƒāļ™āļ”āđ‰āļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđƒāļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒ 3 āļŠāļ™āļīāļ” āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļžāļšāļ—āļīāļĻāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ”āļĩāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāđƒāļŦāđ‰āļœāļĨāļšāļ§āļāļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļˆāļģāļ™āļ§āļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļžāļīāđˆāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļēāļĢāļ­āļąāļĨāļ„āļēāđ„āļĨāļ™āđŒāļŸāļ­āļŠāļŸāļēāđ€āļ•āļŠāđƒāļ™āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļ āļ‹āļķāđˆāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļ”āļĩāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļ•āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļ•āļļāđ‰āļ™āđƒāļŦāđ‰āļŠāļĢāđ‰āļēāļ‡āļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ›āļĢāļīāļ—āļąāļ™āļ•āđŒāļ­āļąāļāđ€āļŠāļšāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ‚āļĢāļ„āļ­āļ·āđˆāļ™ āđ† āļ—āļĩāđˆāļžāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļģāļĨāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļāļ„āļģāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļ: āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļ”āļˆāļēāļāļ™āļĄāļœāļķāđ‰āļ‡, āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāđ„āļŸāđ‚āļšāļĢāļšāļĨāļēāļŠāļ•āđŒāļˆāļēāļāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āđ€āļĒāļ·āđˆāļ­āđ€āļŦāļ‡āļ·āļ­āļāļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒ,āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāđ„āļŸāđ‚āļšāļĢāļšāļĨāļēāļŠāļ•āđŒāļˆāļēāļāđ€āļ­āđ‡āļ™āļĒāļķāļ”āļ›āļĢāļīāļ—āļąāļ™āļ•āđŒ, āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨāđŒāļāļĢāļ°āļ”āļđāļāļĄāļ™āļļāļĐāļĒāđŒ, āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļžāļīāļĐāļ•āđˆāļ­āđ€āļ‹āļĨāļĨ

    Dentistry and HIV/AIDS related stigma

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    OBJECTIVE To analyze HIV/AIDS positive individual’s perception and attitudes regarding dental services.METHODS One hundred and thirty-four subjects (30.0% of women and 70.0% of men) from Nuevo LeÃģn, Mexico, took part in the study (2014). They filled out structured, analytical, self-administered, anonymous questionnaires. Besides the sociodemographic variables, the perception regarding public and private dental services and related professionals was evaluated, as well as the perceived stigma associated with HIV/AIDS, through a Likert-type scale. The statistical evaluation included a factorial and a non-hierarchical cluster analysis.RESULTS Social inequalities were found regarding the search for public and private dental professionals and services. Most subjects reported omitting their HIV serodiagnosis and agreed that dentists must be trained and qualified to treat patients with HIV/AIDS. The factorial analysis revealed two elements: experiences of stigma and discrimination in dental appointments and feelings of concern regarding the attitudes of professionals or their teams concerning patients’ HIV serodiagnosis. The cluster analysis identified three groups: users who have not experienced stigma or discrimination (85.0%); the ones who have not had those experiences, but feel somewhat concerned (12.7%); and the ones who underwent stigma and discrimination and feel concerned (2.3%).CONCLUSIONS We observed a low percentage of stigma and discrimination in dental appointments; however, most HIV/AIDS patients do not reveal their serodiagnosis to dentists out of fear of being rejected. Such fact implies a workplace hazard to dental professionals, but especially to the very own health of HIV/AIDS patients, as dentists will not be able to provide them a proper clinical and pharmaceutical treatment

    āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļąāļĒāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ§āļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļāļąāļšāđ‚āļĢāļ„āđƒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ•āđˆāļ­āļ‚āļēāļāļĢāļĢāđ„āļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļšāļ”āđ€āļ„āļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ§: āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļģāļĢāļ§āļˆāđ€āļšāļ·āđ‰āļ­āļ‡āļ•āđ‰āļ™āđƒāļ™āļ„āļ“āļ°āļ—āļąāļ™āđāļžāļ—āļĒāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āđ„āļ—āļĒ 4 āļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™āđƒāļ™āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ‡āđ€āļ§āļĨāļēāļŦāļ™āļķāđˆāļ‡

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    āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ•āđˆāļ­āļ‚āļēāļāļĢāļĢāđ„āļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļšāļ”āđ€āļ„āļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ§āļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ›āļąāļāļŦāļēāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ„āļĨāļīāļ™āļīāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļžāļšāđ„āļ”āđ‰āļšāđˆāļ­āļĒāđāļĨāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ‡āļœāļĨāļ•āđˆāļ­āļ„āļļāļ“āļ āļēāļžāļŠāļĩāļ§āļīāļ•āļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒ āļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļļāļšāļąāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļ™āļīāļˆāļ‰āļąāļĒāđ‚āļĢāļ„āđƒāļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāļ™āļĩāđ‰āļ­āļēāļĻāļąāļĒāđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļ‡āļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ“āđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļœāļđāđ‰āļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆ āļĒāļąāļ‡āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ•āļąāļ§āļŠāļĩāđ‰āļ§āļąāļ”āļ—āļēāļ‡āļ„āļĨāļīāļ™āļīāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ”āļĩāļˆāļ°āļŠāđˆāļ§āļĒāđƒāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ§āļīāļ™āļīāļˆāļ‰āļąāļĒāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĒāļąāļ‡āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļ­āļēāļāļēāļĢāļ—āļēāļ‡āļ„āļĨāļīāļ™āļīāļ āļĄāļĩāļĢāļēāļĒāļ‡āļēāļ™āļ—āļĩāđˆāļ™āđˆāļēāļŠāļ™āđƒāļˆāļšāđˆāļ‡āļšāļ­āļāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āļāļąāļšāļžāļĪāļ•āļīāļāļĢāļĢāļĄāļšāļēāļ‡āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļąāļĒāđ€āļŠāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ•āđˆāļ­āļāļēāļĢāđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāļ™āļĩāđ‰ āļ§āļąāļ•āļ–āļļāļ›āļĢāļ°āļŠāļ‡āļ„āđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļ‡āļēāļ™āļ§āļīāļˆāļąāļĒāļ„āļĢāļąāđ‰āļ‡āļ™āļĩāđ‰ āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļ–āļķāļ‡āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āļāļąāļšāļ›āļąāļˆāļˆāļąāļĒāđ€āļŠāļĩāđˆāļĒāļ‡āļ—āļĩāđˆāļāđˆāļ­āđƒāļŦāđ‰āđ€āļāļīāļ”āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ•āđˆāļ­āļ‚āļēāļāļĢāļĢāđ„āļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļšāļ”āđ€āļ„āļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ§āļˆāļēāļāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒ 1,000 āļ„āļ™ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļāļģāļŦāļ™āļ”āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒ 500 āļ„āļ™ āļĄāļĩāļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡ āđāļĨāļ°āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļ­āļĩāļ 500 āļ„āļ™ āļ—āļĩāđˆāđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ„āļ§āļšāļ„āļļāļĄ āđ‚āļ”āļĒāļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļ—āļąāđ‰āļ‡āļŦāļĄāļ”āđ€āļ›āđ‡āļ™āļœāļđāđ‰āļ›āđˆāļ§āļĒāļ™āļ­āļāļ—āļĩāđˆāđ€āļ‚āđ‰āļēāļĢāļąāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆāđāļĨāļ°āļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāļ—āļĩāđˆāļ„āļ“āļ°āļ—āļąāļ™āļ•āđāļžāļ—āļĒāļĻāļēāļŠāļ•āļĢāđŒ 4 āļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™ āļŠāļ–āļēāļšāļąāļ™āļĨāļ° 250 āļ„āļ™ (āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ„āļ§āļšāļ„āļļāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļ—āļ”āļĨāļ­āļ‡āļāļĨāļļāđˆāļĄāļĨāļ° 125 āļ„āļ™āđ€āļ—āđˆāļēāđ† āļāļąāļ™) āļœāļđāđ‰āļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆāļ—āļļāļāļ„āļ™āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ›āļĢāļąāļšāļĄāļēāļ•āļĢāļāļēāļ™āļāļēāļĢāļ•āļĢāļ§āļˆ āļˆāļģāđāļ™āļāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ•āļēāļĄāļ­āļēāļĒāļļ āđ€āļžāļĻ āļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļŦāļĢāļ·āļ­āđ„āļĄāđˆāļĄāļĩāļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™ āļ›āļąāļāļŦāļēāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ•āđˆāļ­āļ‚āļēāļāļĢāļĢāđ„āļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļšāļ”āđ€āļ„āļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ§ āļĢāļđāļ›āđāļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ­āđ‰āļēāļ›āļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļī āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļđāļāđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŸāļąāļ™āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡āđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŸāļąāļ™āļ›āļĨāļ­āļĄ āļ—āļ”āļŠāļ­āļšāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļĄāļđāļĨāļ”āđ‰āļ§āļĒāļ•āļąāļ§āđāļ›āļĢāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŠāļ–āļīāļ•āļī āļ­āļ­āļ”āđ€āļĢāđ‚āļŠāđ‚āļĨāļˆāļīāļŠāļ•āļīāļāļĢāļĩāđ€āļāļĢāļŠāļŠāļąāđˆāļ™āđāļĨāļ°āđ€āļžāļĩāļĒāļŠāļąāļ™āđ„āļ„āļ§āđāļŠāļ„āļĢāđŒāļ—āļĩāđˆāļĢāļ°āļ”āļąāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāđ€āļŠāļ·āđˆāļ­āļĄāļąāđˆāļ™ 95% āļœāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļžāļšāļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļŠāļąāļĄāļžāļąāļ™āļ˜āđŒāļĢāļ°āļŦāļ§āđˆāļēāļ‡āļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđˆāļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™āļāļąāļšāļĢāļđāļ›āđāļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ­āđ‰āļēāļ›āļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđƒāļŠāđˆāļŸāļąāļ™āļ›āļĨāļ­āļĄāļšāļēāļ‡āļŠāđˆāļ§āļ™āļŠāļ™āļīāļ”āļ–āļ­āļ”āđ„āļ”āđ‰āļ­āļĒāđˆāļēāļ‡āļĄāļĩāļ™āļąāļĒāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļāļ—āļēāļ‡āļŠāļ–āļīāļ•āļī (p<0.05)āļ„āļģāļŠāļģāļ„āļąāļ: āļŠāļąāļ™āļāļĢāļ°āļžāļļāđ‰āļ‡āđāļāđ‰āļĄāđ€āļŦāļ•āļļāļŠāļšāļŸāļąāļ™ āļ„āļ§āļēāļĄāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļīāļ‚āļ­āļ‡āļĢāļ°āļšāļšāļ‚āđ‰āļ­āļ•āđˆāļ­āļ‚āļēāļāļĢāļĢāđ„āļāļĢāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāđ‰āļēāļĄāđ€āļ™āļ·āđ‰āļ­āļšāļ”āđ€āļ„āļĩāđ‰āļĒāļ§ āļĢāļđāļ›āđāļšāļšāļāļēāļĢāļ­āđ‰āļēāļ›āļēāļāļ—āļĩāđˆāļœāļīāļ”āļ›āļāļ•āļī āļāļēāļĢāļŠāļđāļāđ€āļŠāļĩāļĒāļŸāļąāļ™āļŦāļĨāļąāļ‡ āļŸāļąāļ™āļ›āļĨāļ­āļĄTemporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the clinical problem that frequently found and affect quality of life. Nowaday, diagnosis is depended on the experiences of the examiners. There is no good clinical indicator to help diagnosing TMD in asymptomatic cases. Many studies reported the association between buccal mucosa ridging and parafunctional habits that were accepted as predisposing factors for TMD. The purpose of this study is to clarify the association between buccal mucosa ridging and TMD predisposing factors. One thousand data (500 who has buccal mucosa ridging and 500 who has no buccal mucosa ridging) was collected from out patients of 4 Thai dental schools by calibrated investigators, 250 from each school equally (125 for control and 125 for experiment group). The data collection were age, sex, presence or absence of buccal mucosa ridging, TMD, jaw opening patterns, masticatory muscle symptoms, loss of posterior teeth and denture wearing. All data were statistically analysed by odd ratio, logistic regression and chi-square test at significant level of p=0.05. The result showed that there is relationship between buccal mucosa ridging and abnormal jaw opening patterns and removable partial denture wearing (p<0.05).Keywords: Buccal mucosa ridging, TMD, Jaw opening patterns, Loss of posterior teeth, Dentur

    Structural, mechanical and biological properties of hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites

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    Novel hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites for bioceramic applications were synthesized and their structural, mechanical and biological properties were studied. Pure HA was produced via precipitation method and the composites were obtained by several fabrication steps: powder milling, mixing, cold pressing and sintering at 1100 degrees C for 1 h. The experimental results indicated that the composites consisted of hydroxyapatite as the main phase with a trace amount of tricalcium phosphate. Calcium zirconate (CaZrO3) was also formed by the reaction between zirconia and calcium oxide (CaO) which is the thermal decomposition product of hydroxyapatite. Addition of zirconia and lanthanum oxide resulted a more loose and porous structure on the surface. The diametral tensile strength of the composites was higher with respect to pure hydroxyapatite. The microhardness of the composites, except the one with the composition of 90 wt% HA and 10 wt% Zr, was relatively lower than that of pure HA but these composites had higher machinability. Cell culture studies with osteoblast-like Saos-2 cell line showed that composites and pure hydroxyapatite were biocompatible. Based on these findings, hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites hold potential to be used in hard tissue replacement and regeneration therapies
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