21 research outputs found
Expression of c-myc, bcl-2 and survivin in cutaneous and oral squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis
Genes involved in apoptosis are important and over expression of these genes are thought to contribute to carcinogenesis. Aim: to evaluate the expression of anti-apoptotic factors in a series of epithelial malignancies and actinic keratosis using immunohistochemistry. Design: Laboratory microscopy of stained biopsy specimen. Materials and methods: Sections of specimens diagnosed as cutaneous-SCCs (CSCC), oral-SCCs (OSCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and actinic keratosis (AK) were stained by using c-myc, bcl-2 and survivin antibodies. Results: In AK, c-myc expression was found in the nuclei of epithelium mostly in basal cell layers. In BCC, CSCC and OSCC, c-myc expression was found in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of the tumor cells. Among all the cancer tissues, OSCC showed the strongest positive staining for c-myc. The expression of bcl-2 and survivin in AK were also found mostly as nuclear staining in the basal cell layer areas, while in the other cancer tissues, positive staining were found in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of the tumor cell. Conclusion: c-myc expressions correspond to the survivin expressions. c-myc expression was stronger in OSCC than in CSCC and BCC, and weaker in AK than in other malignant tumors. Key Words: c-myc, bcl-2, suvivin, cancer, immunohistochemistry
Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients
Effects of various Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) regimens on oral heath are unclear. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate effects of HAART on oral manifestations, salivary flow rates (SFR) and Candida species in HIV-infected patients who took mostly non-protease inhibitor-based HAART regimens. A cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-infected patients taking and never taken HAART who attended Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre (n = 48). Non-HIV subjects were recruited as control (n = 20). Oral conditions and salivary flow rates were evaluated using oral examination and measurement of unstimulated and stimulated saliva. In addition, Candida colonization counts (colony forming units; CFUs) and Candida species from the collected saliva were evaluated using CHROMagar. The most common oral manifestation in HIV-infected subjects taking HAART was hyperpigmentation. Unstimulated and stimulated SFR among the three groups were not statistically significant. Candida colonization was detected in 64%, 65% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects taking HAART, HAART-naÃŊve, and non-HIV subjects, respectively. While 20% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects with and without HAART, respectively, had Candida CFUs higher than 500/ml, all non-HIV carriers had Candida CFUs lower than 500/ml. The most common Candida colonization species was C. albicans in HAART and non-HIV groups. Interestingly, HAART-naÃŊve group was colonized more by non-albicans species. HAART has minimal effects on oral health. While HAART may not prevent Candida colonization, it might lead to reduction of non-albicans species. Because maintaining low Candida counts is important, HAART administration and antifungal sensitivity test should be considered in HIV-infected patients
The In Vitro Effect of Royal Jelly, Apis mellifera, on Proliferation of Human Gingival,Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts and Human Bone Cells
AbstractObjective: To study the in vitro effect of royal jelly crude extraction (RJCE)on proliferation and osteoblastic activity in 3 cell types which were human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDL) and human hip bone cells (HIP). Method: This study used 24-hour (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxic assay, sulforhodamin B (SRB) proliferation assay and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) assay to evaluate the responses of these three cell types to the RJCE (concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml) after 14-dayculture. Results: It was found that RJCE was cytotoxic to HGF and HPDL at 10 mg/ml, but no cytotoxicity to HIP. From a 6-day-proliferation assay, RJCE showed proliferation inhibition to HGF and HPDL at 5 mg/ml, however, slight proliferation stimulation was observed with lower doses. On the contrary, HIP showed no proliferation response to RJCE for all dosages used up to 5 mg/ml. Stimulation on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity for HPDL and HIP with or without RJCE after 14-day culture was found only in HIP at 5 mg/ml RJCE, and not in HPDL. Conclusion: this present study showed different effect of RJCE on the 3 cell lines proliferation. The positive effect on bone cell proliferation and ALP activity looks promising for bone regeneration as needed for periodontal disease as well as other bone pathology.Keywords: royal jelly, human gingival fibroblasts, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts, human hip bone cells, cytotoxicity āļāļāļāļąāļāļĒāđāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļļāļāļĢāļ°āļŠāļāļāđ: āđāļāļ·āđāļāļāļāļŠāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļĨāļ°āļāļĨāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļāđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ 3 āļāļāļīāļ āļāļ·āļ āđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļāđāļāļĢāļāļĨāļēāļŠāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāļ·āđāļāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāđāļŦāļāļ·āļāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđ (HGF) āļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāļĒāļķāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļąāļāļāđ (HPDL) āđāļĨāļ°āđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļāļŠāļ°āđāļāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđ (HIP)āļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļāļāļŠāļāļāļāļĨāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļ (āļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļĄāļāđāļ 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 āđāļĨāļ°10 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ.) āļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļĄāļĩāļāļĩāļ§āļīāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāđāļ§āļĒāļ§āļīāļāļĩ (3-(4,5 āđāļāđāļĄāđāļāļāļīāļĨāđāļāļāļ°āļāļāļĨ-2-āļāļīāļĨ)-2,5-āđāļāđāļāļāļīāļĨāđāļāļāļĢāļ°āđāļāđāļĨāļĩāļĒāļĄāđāļāļĢāđāļĄāļāđ (MTT) āļĻāļķāļāļĐāļēāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļāļāđāļ§āļ 6āļ§āļąāļāļāđāļ§āļĒāļ§āļīāļāļĩāļāļąāļĨāđāļāđāļĢāļāļēāļĄāļīāļāļāļĩ (SRB) āđāļĨāļ°āļ§āļąāļāļĢāļ°āļāļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļąāļĨāļāļēāđāļĨāļāđāļāļāļŠāļāļēāđāļāļŠ (ALP) āđāļāļ·āđāļāļ§āļąāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļāļāļŠāļāļāļāļāļāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļąāļāđ 3 āļāļāļīāļāļāđāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāđāļāļĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļēāļ°āđāļĨāļĩāđāļĒāļāđāļāđāļāđāļ§āļĨāļē 14 āļ§āļąāļ āļāļĨāļāļēāļĢāļĻāļķāļāļĐāļē: āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāđāļāđāļĄāļāđāļ 10 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ.āđāļāđāļāļāļīāļĐāļāđāļ HGF āđāļĨāļ° HPDL āđāļāđāđāļĄāđāļāļāļĪāļāļāļīāļāđ āļąāļāļāļĨāđāļēāļ§āļāđāļ HIP āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļĒāļąāļāļĒāļąāļāđāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ HGF āđāļĨāļ° HPDL āļāļĩāđ 5 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ. āđāļāļĒāļāļĩāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļĄāļāđāļāļāđāļģāļāļ§āđāļēāļāļĩāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļąāļāļāļĨāđāļēāļ§āđāļāđāđāļĨāđāļāļāđāļāļĒ āđāļāļāļēāļāļāļĨāļąāļāļāļąāļāļāļāļ§āđāļēāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļāļļāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļĄāļāđāļāđāļĄāđāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ HIP āđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ HPDLāđāļĨāļ° HIP āļāļĩāđāđāļāļīāļĄāđāļĨāļ°āđāļĄāđāđāļāļīāļĄāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļ§āđāļēāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļāļąāļĨāļāļēāđāļĨāļāđāļāļāļŠāļāļēāđāļāļŠāļāļđāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāđāļāđāļHIP āļāļĩāđāļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļĄāļāđāļāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļ 5 āļĄāļ./āļĄāļĨ. āđāļāļĒāđāļĄāđāļĄāļĩāļāļĨāļāđāļ HPDL āļŠāļĢāļļāļ:āļāļāļāļĨāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļāļĩāđāđāļāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļąāļāđāļāļāđāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđ 3 āļāļāļīāļ āđāļāļĒāļāļāļāļīāļĻāļāļēāļāļāļĩāđāļāļĩāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļāļāļĩāđāđāļŦāđāļāļĨāļāļ§āļāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļģāļāļ§āļāđāļĨāļ°āļāļēāļĢāđāļāļīāđāļĄāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļāļēāļāļāļāļāļŠāļēāļĢāļāļąāļĨāļāļēāđāļĨāļāđāļāļāļŠāļāļēāđāļāļŠāđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļ āļāļķāđāļāļŠāđāļāļāļĨāļāļĩāļŠāļģāļŦāļĢāļąāļāļāļ§āļēāļĄāļāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļĢāļ°āļāļļāđāļāđāļŦāđāļŠāļĢāđāļēāļāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāļĢāļąāļāļĐāļēāđāļĢāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļąāļāļāđāļāļąāļāđāļŠāļāļŦāļĢāļ·āļāđāļĢāļāļāļ·āđāļ āđ āļāļĩāđāļāļāļāļēāļĢāļāļģāļĨāļēāļĒāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļāļāļģāļŠāļģāļāļąāļ: āļŠāļēāļĢāļŠāļāļąāļāļāļēāļāļāļĄāļāļķāđāļ, āđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļāđāļāļĢāļāļĨāļēāļŠāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāļ·āđāļāđāļĒāļ·āđāļāđāļŦāļāļ·āļāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđ,āđāļāļĨāļĨāđāđāļāđāļāļĢāļāļĨāļēāļŠāļāđāļāļēāļāđāļāđāļāļĒāļķāļāļāļĢāļīāļāļąāļāļāđ, āđāļāļĨāļĨāđāļāļĢāļ°āļāļđāļāļĄāļāļļāļĐāļĒāđ, āļāļ§āļēāļĄāđāļāđāļāļāļīāļĐāļāđāļāđāļāļĨāļĨ
Dentistry and HIV/AIDS related stigma
OBJECTIVE To analyze HIV/AIDS positive individualâs perception and attitudes regarding dental services.METHODS One hundred and thirty-four subjects (30.0% of women and 70.0% of men) from Nuevo LeÃģn, Mexico, took part in the study (2014). They filled out structured, analytical, self-administered, anonymous questionnaires. Besides the sociodemographic variables, the perception regarding public and private dental services and related professionals was evaluated, as well as the perceived stigma associated with HIV/AIDS, through a Likert-type scale. The statistical evaluation included a factorial and a non-hierarchical cluster analysis.RESULTS Social inequalities were found regarding the search for public and private dental professionals and services. Most subjects reported omitting their HIV serodiagnosis and agreed that dentists must be trained and qualified to treat patients with HIV/AIDS. The factorial analysis revealed two elements: experiences of stigma and discrimination in dental appointments and feelings of concern regarding the attitudes of professionals or their teams concerning patientsâ HIV serodiagnosis. The cluster analysis identified three groups: users who have not experienced stigma or discrimination (85.0%); the ones who have not had those experiences, but feel somewhat concerned (12.7%); and the ones who underwent stigma and discrimination and feel concerned (2.3%).CONCLUSIONS We observed a low percentage of stigma and discrimination in dental appointments; however, most HIV/AIDS patients do not reveal their serodiagnosis to dentists out of fear of being rejected. Such fact implies a workplace hazard to dental professionals, but especially to the very own health of HIV/AIDS patients, as dentists will not be able to provide them a proper clinical and pharmaceutical treatment
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Structural, mechanical and biological properties of hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites
Novel hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites for bioceramic applications were synthesized and their structural, mechanical and biological properties were studied. Pure HA was produced via precipitation method and the composites were obtained by several fabrication steps: powder milling, mixing, cold pressing and sintering at 1100 degrees C for 1 h. The experimental results indicated that the composites consisted of hydroxyapatite as the main phase with a trace amount of tricalcium phosphate. Calcium zirconate (CaZrO3) was also formed by the reaction between zirconia and calcium oxide (CaO) which is the thermal decomposition product of hydroxyapatite. Addition of zirconia and lanthanum oxide resulted a more loose and porous structure on the surface. The diametral tensile strength of the composites was higher with respect to pure hydroxyapatite. The microhardness of the composites, except the one with the composition of 90 wt% HA and 10 wt% Zr, was relatively lower than that of pure HA but these composites had higher machinability. Cell culture studies with osteoblast-like Saos-2 cell line showed that composites and pure hydroxyapatite were biocompatible. Based on these findings, hydroxyapatite-zirconia-lanthanum oxide composites hold potential to be used in hard tissue replacement and regeneration therapies