Dysfunctional Tissue Correlates of Unrelated Naming Errors in Acute Left Hemisphere Stroke

Most naming error lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) studies have focused on semantic and/or phonological errors. Anomic individuals also produce unrelated word errors, which may be linked to semantic or modality-independent lexical deficits. To investigate the neural underpinnings of rarely-studied unrelated errors, we conducted LSM analyses in 100 individuals hospitalised with a left hemisphere stroke who completed imaging protocols and language assessments. We used least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to capture relationships between naming errors and dysfunctional brain tissue metrics (regional damage or hypoperfusion in vascular territories) in two groups: participants with and without impaired single-word auditory comprehension. Hypoperfusion—particularly within the parietal lobe—was an important error predictor, especially for the unimpaired group. In both groups, higher unrelated error proportions were associated with primarily ventral stream damage, the language route critical for processing meaning. Nonetheless, brain metrics implicated in unrelated errors were distinct from semantic error correlates

Narcissism and the strategic pursuit of short-term mating : universal links across 11 world regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2.

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating

Narcisismo y búsqueda estratégica del emparejamiento a corto plazo a través de las culturas: Enlaces omnipresentes a través de 11 regiones mundiales del Proyecto de la descripción de la sexualidad internacional 2

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating.Estudios previos, en primer lugar a través de las muestras de culturas occidentales, han documentado asociaciones sistemáticas del narcisismo subclínico con múltiples indicadores de estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo (p. ej. sociosexualidad ilimitada, infidelidad, caza de pareja). En este estudio se han usado respuestas de la encuesta transcultural de 30.470 personas de 53 naciones de 11 regiones mundiales (América del Norte, América del Sur/América Central, Europa del Norte, Europa del Oeste, Europa del Este, Europa del Sur, Oriente Próximo, África, Asia del Sur/Sudoeste de Asia, Asia del Este y Oceanía) para evaluar si el narcisismo (medido por el Inventario de Personalidad Narcisista; NPI) se asocia panuniversalmente con los indicadores del emparejamiento a corto plazo, tanto en la dirección, como en la intensidad. Los resultados sugieren que el narcisismo (incluidos muchos aspectos suyos medidos por el NPI) tiene las mismas asociaciones básicas con los rasgos de personalidad relacionados con el sexo (p. ej. extraversión alta) y con los resultados sexuales claves (p. ej. búsqueda más activa de las estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo) a través de las 11 mayores regiones mundiales del PDSI 2. La discusión se enfoca en las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio actual

Chronic Aphasia Recovery in Bilingual Spanish-English and Monolingual Adults

The purpose of the current investigation was to investigate and compare aphasia recovery patterns in bilingual and monolingual adults with chronic aphasia. Ten participants with aphasia who were at least one year post-injury were assessed and compared using the Bilingual Aphasia Test (BAT) (Paradis & Libben, 1987) in order to examine their aphasia recovery and language abilities.Bilingual participants performed significantly better in English than in Spanish in naming . Furthermore, results revealed an overall trend towards significance across all of the verbal subtests, with better performance in English than Spanish. Significant differences were noted between groups in English, with the monolingual group performing better than the bilingual group on lexical decision task but the bilingual group performing better than the monolingual group on verbal series. Overall, the bilingual participants performed significantly better than the monolingual group on verbal production in English. The study findings suggest that bilingual versus monolingual aphasia recovery may be different for certain skills at certain times in recovery, but further investigation is needed

The Biodiversity Knowledge Hub (BKH): A Crosspoint and Knowledge Broker for FAIR and Linked Biodiversity Data

The Biodiversity Knowledge Hub (BKH) is a web platform acting as an integration point and broker of an open, FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) and interlinked corpora of biodiversity data, services and knowledge. It serves the entire biodiversity research cycle, from specimens and observations to sequences, taxon names and finally to scientific publications. The strategic aim of the BKH is to support a functional and integrated biodiversity knowledge graph and an emerging new community of users. The BKH is aimed at biodiversity researchers in the widest sense, research infrastructures and publishers (Fig. 1).The BKH is the key product of the EU-funded Biodiversity Community Integrated Knowledge Library (BiCIKL) project (Penev et al. 2022). The four goals of BiCIKL and the BKH are:Improved access to open and FAIR biodiversity data;Establishing of bi-directional data linkages between infrastructures;Development of new methods and workflows for semantic publishing, harvesting, liberating, linking, accessing and re-using of data in literature (specimens, material citations, samples, sequences, taxonomic names, taxonomic treatments, figures, tables);Testing and implementation of services through use cases and open call projects for researchers outside the project.The BKH consists of several modules, such as the Home page that presents the main user groups and the benefits that the BKH provides to them. It has guidelines and protocols, such as various documents on the policies, functions, and recommendations for the users. And it has relevant projects, that use linked FAIR biodiversity data.In the core of the BKH is the FAIR Data Place (FDP), which presents novel services and tools developed over the course of BiCIKL. In the future, the FDP will also accept services for linked data provided by new contributors. The FDP consists of three sub-modules:Infrastructures and organisations: Lists the contributing organisations and research infrastructures with short descriptions and links to their data, tools and services. Research infrastructures are sorted by the main type of biodiversity data they aggregate and serve: specimens, sequences, taxon names and literature.Linked data services: A catalogue of novel services that deliver FAIR data linked between the participating research infrastructures. Examples of such services are: ChecklistBank, LifeBlock, OpenBiodiv, TreatmentBank, SIBiLS “BiodiversityPMC”, eBioDiv, SynoSpecies, PlutoF Curation Tool and others.Become a contributor application form: A formal questionnaire which serves as a basis to check the suitability of an organisation or research infrastructure to join the BKH. Part of the application form is a FAIR data checklist.The BKH serves as a navigation system in a universe of interconnected biodiversity research infrastructures and is open to new contributors and collaborators in accessing open data and knowledge by anybody, anywhere, at any time

Biodiversity community integrated knowledge library (BiCIKL)

BiCIKL is an European Union Horizon 2020 project that will initiate and build a new European starting community of key research infrastructures, establishing open science practices in the domain of biodiversity through provision of access to data, associated tools and services at each separate stage of and along the entire research cycle. BiCIKL will provide new methods and workflows for an integrated access to harvesting, liberating, linking, accessing and re-using of subarticle-level data (specimens, material citations, samples, sequences, taxonomic names, taxonomic treatments, figures, tables) extracted from literature. BiCIKL will provide for the first time access and tools for seamless linking and usage tracking of data along the line: specimens > sequences > species > analytics > publications > biodiversity knowledge graph > re-use

Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in human melanoma cells are up-regulated by hypoxia involving hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and the von Hippel-Lindau protein

Under chronic hypoxia, tumour cells undergo adaptive changes involving hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Here we report that ion currents mediated by Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (K(Ca)) channels in human melanoma IGR1 cells are increased by chronic hypoxia (3% O(2)), as well as by hypoxia mimetics. This increase involves the HIF system as confirmed by overexpression of HIF-1α or the von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor gene. Under normoxic conditions the K(Ca) channels in IGR1 cells showed pharmacological characteristics of intermediate conductance K(Ca) subtype IK channels, whereas the subtype SK2 channels were up-regulated under hypoxia, shown with pharmacological tools and with mRNA analysis. Hypoxia increased cell proliferation, but the K(Ca) channel blockers apamin and charybdotoxin slowed down cell growth, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Similar results were obtained for the cell line IGR39 and for acutely isolated cells from a biopsy of a melanoma metastasis. Thus, up-regulation of K(Ca) channels may be a novel mechanism by which HIFs can contribute to the malignant phenotype of human tumour cells