INDUCTION OF TOLERANCE TO SHEEP RED BLOOD CELLS

Adult mice injected with a sheep red blood cell hemolysate supernatant fraction were found to have a severely reduced responsiveness to subsequent immunization with sheep red blood cells. The induced unresponsiveness was found to be specific, as tested by reciprocal experiments involving horse and sheep erythrocyte preparations. The tolerogenic material did not appear to be immunogenic

Visuality and Free Verse

More than a hundred years after Whitman, vers libre, and the Imagist movement, many poets still have a remarkably indistinct understanding of what it means to write in free verse, as the form is too often defined by what it is not rather than by what it is. In this dissertation, I examine work by Sadakichi Hartmann, Marcel Broodthaers, Philip Metres, and Derik Badman at the limit of what we might consider free verse poetry to argue that free verse is not just a linguistic form but a visual construct that must be “seen” in those terms to be understood. Following my Introduction, Chapter Two examines the early and nearly unclassifiable vers libre of Sadakichi Hartmann, a Whitman acquaintance and early adopter of French Symbolism whose characteristic line in 1898’s Naked Ghosts combines elements of prose poetry, free verse, meter, and rhyme in a package explained as much by his interpretation of Japanese painting as by Whitman or the Symbolists. Even before Imagism, Hartmann wrote verse that functioned, in some ways, like an image itself. Chapter Three investigates the groundbreaking museum installations of Belgian visual artist Marcel Broodthaers, which some critics consider a form of three-dimensional free verse. Broodthaers’s installations encourage a multiperspectival approach to “reading” that consistently breaks its own protocols, shedding light on itself and other linguistic systems to expose the insufficiency of the signifier/signified chain. This chapter also examines the more recent verbal-visual poetry of American poet Philip Metres, who applies Broodthaers’s techniques to page-based free verse. Finally, Chapter Four examines the hybrid form of contemporary American comics poetry, with emphasis on Derik Badman’s Colletta Suite, to argue that comics poetry may be a new form of Charles Olson’s “Projective Verse” and possibly the revitalized dramatic poetry Olson anticipated at the end of his 1950 essay. In each case, free verse steps into the realm of a visuality that was always there ahead of it, waiting for the linguistic elements of the prosody to catch up. By examining these works, we may begin to perceive a more positive than negative definition of the form

Safer Chemicals Design Diagrams

The NRF2-ARE antioxidant pathway is an important biological sensing and regulating system that responds to chemical insults. At minute level, it protects a living species to go through hard environmental conditions. However, when the external disruption exceeds the inherent resilience, cellular damage can occur, eventually leading to cytotoxicity. Therefore, studying the likelihood of a chemical activating the NRF2-ARE pathway is interesting to discovering therapeutic agents and designing safer chemicals. In this research, we engaged a combination of computational chemistry, statistical learning and mechanistic toxicology to estimate the likelihood of a chemical to perturb this critical toxicological pathway and derive a scheme to guide chemical design with safer potency

Socialization goals in different contexts

According to evolutionary psychology, socialization goals integrate the parental ethnotheories, requirements that enable the rapid adoption of care and socialization strategies which were functional in the recent past. Aiming to explore this approach, this study compared the goals of two different samples, living in different contexts. A total of 76 Brazilian and 52 Norwegian mothers were interviewed concerning socialization goals. Goal descriptors were selected in order of appearance and analyzed using the software Analyse d'évocations. Approximately half of the descriptors that reached minimum frequency were shared between the two samples, indicating that ideals are shared in urban societies, though descriptors were assigned different priorities. The most significant differences were related to individualism/collectivism and are congruent with ecological differences between the two contexts. These results may be related to the cultural contrasts between societies with different trajectories, also related to current socioeconomic conditions, compatible with the evolutionary perspective.Según la Psicología Evolutiva, metas de socialización integran las etnoteorías de los padres, conocimientos que permiten la rápida adopción de estrategias para cuidado y socialización funcionales en el pasado reciente. Con el objetivo de explotar este enfoque, este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar metas de dos muestras en diferentes contextos. Participaron 76 madres brasileñas y 52 noruegas, entrevistadas sobre metas de socialización. Descriptores fueron seleccionados por orden y tratados en el programa Analyse d'évocations. Aproximadamente la mitad de los descriptores fueron compartidos entre las muestras, con indicación de ideales compartidos en las sociedades urbanas, pero en posiciones diferentes de prioridad. Las mayores diferencias fueron relacionadas con valores de colectivismo individualismo, en congruencia con las diferencias ecológicas entre los dos contextos. Resultados pueden estar relacionados a contrastes culturales entre sociedades con diferentes ideales, pero también a condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes, y son compatibles con el punto de vista evolutivo.Segundo a Psicologia Evolucionista, metas de socialização integram as etnoteorias parentais, prescrições que permitem a rápida adoção de estratégias de cuidado e socialização funcionais em um passado recente. Visando a explorar essa perspectiva, este estudo objetivou comparar metas de duas amostras de diferentes contextos. Setenta e seis mães brasileiras e 52 norueguesas foram entrevistas sobre metas de socialização. Descritores de metas foram selecionados por ordem de apresentação e submetidos ao programa Analyse d´évocations. Aproximadamente metade dos descritores que atingiram a frequência mínima foi compartilhada entre as duas amostras, indicando ideais compartilhados em sociedades urbanas, embora ocupando posições de prioridade diferentes. As maiores diferenças estiveram relacionadas aos valores individualismo/coletivismo, e são congruentes com as diferenças ecológicas entre os dois contextos. Esses resultados podem ser relacionados aos contrastes culturais entre sociedades com trajetórias diferentes, mas também às condições socioeconômicas vigentes, sendo compatíveis com a perspectiva evolucionista

Light-stable silver N-Heterocyclic carbene catalysts for the alkynylation of ketones in air

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Royal Society (University Research Fellowship to C.S.J.C) for funding.N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) silver(I) complexes were efficiently employed in the alkynylation of ketones. These cationic complexes were found highly active and efficient under mild conditions without the need of additive, and in air. The mechanism of this transformation was investigated. Experiments suggest the formation of a silver-acetylide key intermediate and the release of one ligand from the silver centre enabling the transformation.PostprintPeer reviewe

Bioactive Hydroperoxyl Cembranoids from the Red Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum

A chemical investigation of an ethyl acetate extract of the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum has led to the isolation of two peroxide diterpenes, 11(S) hydroperoxylsarcoph-12(20)-ene (1), and 12(S)-hydroperoxylsarcoph-10-ene (2), as well as 8-epi-sarcophinone (3). In addition to these three new compounds, two known structures were identified including: ent-sarcophine (4) and sarcophine (5). Structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, with the relative configuration of 1 and 2 confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Isolated compounds were found to be inhibitors of cytochrome P450 1A activity as well as inducers of glutathione S-transferases (GST), quinone reductase (QR), and epoxide hydrolase (mEH) establishing chemo-preventive and tumor anti-initiating activity for these characterized metabolites

Honey from Maggots: Aura, Sacrifice, and the Human Universe in Charles Olson’s “The Kingfishers”

In this thesis, I contend that some form of aura can be recovered from the ravages of technological reproduction described in Walter Benjamin’s “The Work of Art in the Age of its Technological Reproducibility (Third Version).” Recovering this aura, however, may require adopting an aesthetic of immediacy through destruction and even wanton disposability (what Georges Bataille in his general economic theory calls “nonproductive expenditure”) to ensure that, though routinely diluted and discarded, the split-second authenticity of a work remains, its radical ephemerality and formal irreproducibility opposing the enslaving, commodifying powers of the copy. The poetry and poetic theory of American poet Charles Olson, especially in his long poem “The Kingfishers” and his essays “Projective Verse” and “Human Universe,” serves as an example of how an author might inscribe auratic energy along nonproductive, general economic lines