Evaluacion de la eficacia de un programa de vacunación contra el virus de la enfermedad de Newcastle frente al desafío de una cepa velogénica de campo

El presente estudio se realizó en el módulo experimental de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima; para evaluar la eficacia de un programa de vacunación contra la enfermedad de Newcastle, se utilizaron dos vacunas vivas y una inactivada frente al desafío de una cepa velogénica de campo en 90 pollos de la línea Ross, distribuidos en tres tratamientos de 30 aves cada uno, tratamiento A, aves vacunadas y desafiadas (grupo experimental), tratamiento B, aves vacunadas no desafiadas (control negativo) y tratamiento C, aves no vacunadas y desafiadas (control positivo). Los tratamientos A y C fueron desafiados a los 25 días de edad, con un inoculo velogénico del virus de Newcastle, evaluándose los signos clínicos, mortalidad y titulación serológica compatibles con la enfermedad, pre y post desafío. Las aves presentaron conjuntivitis (63%), depresión (67%), ronquera (30%), diarreas verdosas (66%), parálisis (20%), signos nerviosos (17%) y torticolis (7%). La mortalidad en el tratamiento A fue de 50% frente al 77% del tratamiento C. Los parámetros serológicos mostraron diferencia significativa post desafío entre el promedio de títulos del tratamiento A (6989,67), respecto del tratamiento C (12316.60). Concluimos que los títulos de anticuerpos proporcionados por las 2 vacunas vivas y 1 vacuna inactivada, no fueron eficaces contra el virus de Newcastle.The present study was performed in the laboratory of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima; conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccination program against the virus of Newcastle disease, were used 2 live vacinnes and 1 inactivated vaccine against facing the challenge of velogenic strain field in 90 chickens Ross, they were distributed into three treatments of 30 birds. Treatment A vaccinated and challenged birds (experimental group), treatment B vaccinated no challenged birds (negative control), and treatment C was not vaccinated and was challenged (positive control). The treatments A and C were challenged at the age of 25 days, with a virus inoculum velogenico Newcastle disease. Clinical signs, mortality and serology compatible with the disease were evaluated pre and post challenge, conjunctivitis (63) depression (67%), hoarseness (30%), greenish diarrhea (66%), paralysis (20%), nervous ticks (17%), stiff neck (7%). Regarding to mortality, treatment A showed 50% of death compared to 77% of treatment C. Regarding to serologycal parameters was observed that there was an important difference between the titles average of treatment A (6986.67) compared to treatmen C (12316.60) post challenged. In conclusión the antibody protective titles of a vaccination program provided by 2 live vaccines and 1 inactivated vaccine they were not effective against the Newcastle disease virus.Tesi

The cardiac and haemostatic effects of dietary hempseed

Despite its use in our diet for hundreds of years, hempseed has surprisingly little research published on its physiological effects. This may have been in the past because the psychotropic properties wrongly attributed to hemp would complicate any conclusions obtained through its study. Hemp has a botanical relationship to drug/medicinal varieties of Cannabis. However, hempseed no longer contains psychotropic action and instead may provide significant health benefits. Hempseed has an excellent content of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. These compounds have beneficial effects on our cardiovascular health. Recent studies, mostly in animals, have examined the effects of these fatty acids and dietary hempseed itself on platelet aggregation, ischemic heart disease and other aspects of our cardiovascular health. The purpose of this article is to review the latest developments in this rapidly emerging research field with a focus on the cardiac and vascular effects of dietary hempseed

Optimización de recursos humanos en los servicios de obstetricia y calidad de atención a la paciente gestante en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins-EsSalud

En el presente trabajo de investigación consiste en identificar y analizar la constante falta de recursos humanos médicos, en los servicios de obstetricia, que cuenta con una población de 92 médicos que pertenecen al Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología de la Red Asistencial Rebagliati- ESSALUD. Teniendo en cuenta que el trabajo de investigación será de los servicios de obstetricia que cuenta con 62 médicos, distribuidos en diferentes servicios de atención, emergencia, área ambulatoria, y 4 servicios con 111 pacientes hospitalizadas. El problema de la investigación fue analizar la concentración de recursos humanos en un área subdividida, y la deficiente distribución de los mismos. Dicho análisis, ayudara al servicio hospitalario a mejorar la calidad de atención a las pacientes gestantes, además hacerse extensivo en otras áreas hospitalarias con las mismas dificultades. La investigación se realizo en base a la metodología de estudio cuantitativo descriptivo correlacional, debido a que existe una relación directa entre las normas para determinar el problema de la investigación, el cual conllevo a la elaboración de la hipótesis. Por consiguiente, se realizará deducciones a partir del resultado de la hipótesis. La técnica que se aplicarán en la presente investigación es la encuesta. Asimismo el trabajo favoreció para la formulación de conclusiones, y obtener un diagnostico de las condiciones actuales, de manera que se tomen decisiones determinantes para la eficiencia y permanencia del sistema, no solo en el servicio de obstetricia, sino en todo el centro hospitalario

Identification of Loci Controlling Restriction of Parasite Growth in Experimental Taenia crassiceps Cysticercosis

Human neurocysticercosis (NC) caused by Taenia solium is a parasitic disease of the central nervous system that is endemic in many developing countries. In this study, a genetic approach using the murine intraperitoneal cysticercosis caused by the related cestode Taenia crassiceps was employed to identify host factors that regulate the establishment and proliferation of the parasite. A/J mice are permissive to T. crassiceps infection while C57BL/6J mice (B6) are comparatively restrictive, with a 10-fold difference in numbers of peritoneal cysticerci recovered 30 days after infection. The genetic basis of this inter-strain difference was explored using 34 AcB/BcA recombinant congenic strains derived from A/J and B6 progenitors, that were phenotyped for T. crassiceps replication. In agreement with their genetic background, most AcB strains (A/J-derived) were found to be permissive to infection while most BcA strains (B6-derived) were restrictive with the exception of a few discordant strains, together suggesting a possible simple genetic control. Initial haplotype association mapping using >1200 informative SNPs pointed to linkages on chromosomes 2 (proximal) and 6 as controlling parasite replication in the AcB/BcA panel. Additional linkage analysis by genome scan in informative [AcB55xDBA/2]F1 and F2 mice (derived from the discordant AcB55 strain), confirmed the effect of chromosome 2 on parasite replication, and further delineated a major locus (LOD = 4.76, p<0.01; peak marker D2Mit295, 29.7 Mb) that we designate Tccr1 (T. crassiceps cysticercosis restrictive locus 1). Resistance alleles at Tccr1 are derived from AcB55 and are inherited in a dominant fashion. Scrutiny of the minimal genetic interval reveals overlap of Tccr1 with other host resistance loci mapped to this region, most notably the defective Hc/C5 allele which segregates both in the AcB/BcA set and in the AcB55xDBA/2 cross. These results strongly suggest that the complement component 5 (C5) plays a critical role in early protective inflammatory response to infection with T. crassiceps

The ciliopathy gene cc2d2a controls zebrafish photoreceptor outer segment development through a role in Rab8-dependent vesicle trafficking

Ciliopathies are a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of human developmental disorders whose root cause is the absence or dysfunction of primary cilia. Joubert syndrome is characterized by a distinctive hindbrain malformation variably associated with retinal dystrophy and cystic kidney disease. Mutations in CC2D2A are found in ∼10% of patients with Joubert syndrome. Here we describe the retinal phenotype of cc2d2a mutant zebrafish consisting of disorganized rod and cone photoreceptor outer segments resulting in abnormal visual function as measured by electroretinogram. Our analysis reveals trafficking defects in mutant photoreceptors affecting transmembrane outer segment proteins (opsins) and striking accumulation of vesicles, suggesting a role for Cc2d2a in vesicle trafficking and fusion. This is further supported by mislocalization of Rab8, a key regulator of opsin carrier vesicle trafficking, in cc2d2a mutant photoreceptors and by enhancement of the cc2d2a retinal and kidney phenotypes with partial knockdown of rab8. We demonstrate that Cc2d2a localizes to the connecting cilium in photoreceptors and to the transition zone in other ciliated cell types and that cilia are present in these cells in cc2d2a mutants, arguing against a primary function for Cc2d2a in ciliogenesis. Our data support a model where Cc2d2a, localized at the photoreceptor connecting cilium/transition zone, facilitates protein transport through a role in Rab8-dependent vesicle trafficking and fusion

Características clínico-epidemiológicas de pacientes hipertensos en un Consultorio Médico de Santa Clara

High blood pressure is a chronic non-transmittable disease, which is also a risk factor for the development of other clinical conditions. The incidence of arterial hypertension in the Cuban population is high.Aim: to characterize the evolution of arterial hypertension in a Family Doctor's Office.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out at the Family Doctor's Office 17-19 in the municipality of Santa Clara. The study covered the months of January to March 2020. Of the 256 hypertensive patients, a sample of 52 was selected by a simple random method.Results: Males predominated (53.84 %), together with the age group between 40 and 49 years (28.84 %). A total of 63.46 % of the patients were white-skinned. 51.61% presented risk factors. The risk factors with the highest incidence were smoking, followed by obesity and sedentary lifestyle.Conclusions: the most affected hypertensive patients are male. Most patients have a family history of high blood pressure. Smoking is a high incidence risk factor in the hypertensive population.Introducción: la hipertensión arterial es una enfermedad crónica no transmisible, que a la vez constituye un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de otras enfermedades. La incidencia de la hipertensión arterial en la población de Cuba es alta.Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de la hipertensión arterial en un Consultorio Médico de Familia.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el Consultorio Médico de Familia 17-19 del municipio Santa Clara. El período de estudio comprendió los meses de enero a marzo del 2020. La población fue de 256 hipertensos y se escogió una muestra de 52 hipertensos por muestreo aleatorio simple.Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino (53,84 %), y el grupo de edad entre 40 y 49 años (28,84 %). El 63,46 % de los pacientes fueron de color de la piel blanca. El 51,61 % presentaron factores de riesgo. Los factores de riesgo de mayor incidencia fueron el tabaquismo, seguido por la obesidad y el sedentarismo.Conclusiones: los pacientes hipertensos más afectados son los del sexo masculino. La mayor parte de los pacientes tienen antecedentes familiares de hipertensión arterial. El tabaquismo es un factor de riesgo de alta incidencia en la población hipertensa