Closed-orbit prognosis, correction and manipulation for the PIMMS synchrotron

Closed-orbit control is a basic ingredient for the efficient performance of any circular accelerator. The paper summarises the results of the simulations of the expected orbit distortions before and after correction for the PIMMS (Proton Ion Medical Machine Study) synchrotron. Different situations that lead to a deterioration of the orbit, such as broken position monitors and correctors, misalignment of the magnetic and diagnostic elements with time, have been examined. In particular, the consequences of lowering the injection energy of the space-charge-dominated proton beam have been investigated. The possibility of local orbit correction during extraction by applying closed bumps has been analysed. Finally, on the basis of the demands of both the global orbit correction and the local corrections at top energy, the corrector dipoles specifications have been evaluated

Description of Megistoleon thaumatopteryx sp nov with notes on the genus Megistoleon Navas (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae)

A new African species of antlion, Megistoleon thaumatopteryx sp. nov., is described from Mozambique. The poorly known genus Megistoleon Navas, 1931 and the only other species currently attributed to it, M. ritsemae (van der Weele, 1907) are redescribed in order to provide a better comparison with the new taxon. These myrmeleontids are easily distinguishable by means of an exclusive set of characters besides a striking appearance

Characteristics of a betatron core for extraction in a proton-ion medical synchrotron

Medical synchrotrons for radiation therapy require a very stable extraction of the beam over a period of about one second. The techniques for applying resonant extraction to achieve this long spill can be classified into two groups, those that move the resonance and those that move the beam. The latter has the great advantage of keeping all lattice functions, and hence the resonance conditions, constant. The present report examines the possibility of using a betatron core to accelerate the waiting ion beam by induction into the resonance. The working principle, the proposed characteristics and the expected performances of this device are discussed. The betatron core is a smooth high-inductance device compared to the small quadrupole lenses that are normally used to move the resonance and is therefore better suited to delivering a very smooth spill. The large stored energy in a betatron core compared to a small quadrupole is also a safety feature since it responds less quickly to transients that could send large beam spikes to the patient

Channelized hotelling observers for signal detection in stack-mode reading of volumetric images on medical displays with slow response time

Volumetric medical images are commonly read in stack-browsing mode. However, previous studies suggest that slow temporal response of medical liquid crystal displays may degrade the diagnostic accuracy (lesion detectability) at browsing rates as low as 10 frames per second (fps). Recently, a multi-slice channelized Hotelling observer (msCHO) model was proposed to estimate the detection performance in 3D images. This implementation of the msCHO restricted the analysis to the luminance of a display pixel at the end of the frame time (end-of-frame luminance) while ignoring the luminance transition within the frame time (intra-frame luminance). Such an approach fails to differentiate between, for example, the commonly found case of two displays with different temporal profiles of luminance as long as their end-of-frame luminance levels are the same. In order to overcome this limitation of the msCHO, we propose a new upsampled msCHO (umsCHO) which acts on images obtained using both the intra-frame and the end-of-frame luminance information. The two models are compared on a set of synthesized 3D images for a range of browsing rates (16.67, 25 and 50 fps). Our results demonstrate that, depending on the details of the luminance transition profiles, neglecting the intra-frame luminance information may lead to over- or underestimation of lesion detectability. Therefore, we argue that using the umsCHO rather than msCHO model is more appropriate for estimating the detection performance in the stack-browsing mode

Investimento direto externo na indústria de papel e celulose: o caso de Botnia/UPM

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Sócio-Econômico. Economia.Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar os determinantes do investimento direto externo na indústria de papel e celulose, em particular o caso de Botnia/UPM em Fray Bentos, Uruguai. Com base no referencial teórico abordado, sobre determinantes e estratégias de IDE, examinam-se as características da indústria de papel e celulose - as principais empresas e os fluxos comerciais internacionais. Da análise conjunta do marco teórico e dos dados empíricos pesquisados, fica evidente que, após um período de crise, este segmento apresenta um aumento na demanda, que estimula a verticalização da cadeia produtiva dentro das empresas (desde o fornecimento de matéria-prima, até a fabricação dos produtos finais), com o objetivo de reduzir custos e gerar economias de escala. Dado que esta é uma indústria intensiva em matéria-prima, é financeiramente recomendável que as unidades produtivas estejam localizadas próximas às fontes de recursos. Como o aumento na demanda corresponde principalmente a produtos derivados de árvores de fibra curta (como o eucalipto), a região do MERCOSUL se destaca na atração de IDE para o setor de papel e celulose, já que possui uma ampla disponibilidade de terras com condições ótimas para o plantio de eucalipto, dentre outras vantagens competitivas, como mão de obra qualificada e estrutura institucional favorável. Neste contexto foi desenvolvido o projeto de instalação de uma fábrica de celulose em Fray Bentos, com capitais da empresa finlandesa Botnia, que se destaca como o maior investimento de caráter industrial na historia do Uruguai. Este trabalho analisa o desenvolvimento deste projeto, desde a estratégia que o motivou até o começo das operações, e posterior transferência de propriedade para UPM

New Philippine species of Spilosmylus Kolbe (Neuroptera, Osmylidae)

New species of lance lacewings, Spilosmylus spilopteryx sp. n. and Spilosmylus tephrodestigma sp. n., are described from the Philippines and compared with congeners. Both species are characterised by a distinctive wing pattern, which in the case of Spilosmylus spilopteryx sp. n. is relatively spectacular among lacewings. An identification key to the species of Spilosmylus Kolbe known from the Philippines is also provided

Agadirius trojani gen. et sp. nov.: a new owlfly (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) from Morocco

A new owlfly, Agadirius trojani gen. et sp. nov., (Ascalaphidae: Ascalaphinae), is described from the Anti-Atlas Mountains, Morocco. The habitus is unmistakable and differs from all other owlflies, but shares some superficial features with the genus Puer Lef?bvre, 1842. Agadirius gen. nov., belongs to the subfamily Ascalaphinae (split eyed owlflies) and has genitalia consistent with the tribe Ascalaphini as defined by Tjeder and Hansson (1992)