Fractura-luxación posterior de hombro tratada mediante la técnica de McLaughlin

Se presenta un caso de luxación posterior de hombro, con fractura por impactación de la cabeza humeral, ocasionada por crisis convulsivas. Estas lesiones no son fáciles de reconocer en los primeros momentos, y en nuestro caso se precisó de un estudio radiográfico en distintas proyecciones y una TAC. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico mediante la técnica original de McLaughlin. A los 7 meses de la intervención el paciente ha recuperado casi totalmente la movilidad en dicho hombro y está libre de dolor.A case of posterior dislocation of the shoulder with locked fracture of the humeral head after a convulsive seizure is reported. At first stages, this type is very difficult to recognize. In our case, a radiographic study in different views and a CT-scan were needed. Surgical treatment were carried out according to McLauglin's original technique. Seven months after surgery the patient had regained almost complete range of shoulder motion and was pain-free

¿Van las investigaciones en ciencias sociales y en humanidades en la dirección correcta?

Product of a post-rational vision and, therefore, apparently postmodern. Is the latter the central point, which prompts the question: how has this postmodern vision generated the increasing development of obscurantism, radical constructivism and relativism to the point of being filtered in academic spaces, reflecting today so much acceptance? That this work should not be understood as intolerance to freedom of expression, or a tendency towards scientific dogma, but rather, to problematize the correct path towards which work and academic life should be followed. Given what has been stated, it is proposed, -responding to the question of the topic that has been proposed- that indicated development it responds to a distorted and appropriate academic freedom to the needs of who expresses it, where the slogan; It is no longer how to approach understanding the world; rather, what is it that makes the academic decision and scientific and cultural production more viable for particularities.Producto de una visión post-racional y, por consiguiente, al parecer postmoderna. Es esto último el punto central, el cual propicia la pregunta ¿cómo esta visión postmoderna ha generado el acreciente desarrollo del obscurantismo, el constructivismo radical y el relativismo hasta el punto de estar filtrado en los espacios académicos reflejando hoy, tanta acogida? Que no se entienda el presente trabajo como intolerancia a la libertad de expresión, o una tendencia al dogma cientificista sino, problematizar el camino correcto hacia donde se debe seguir el trabajo y la vida académica. Dado lo planteado se propone, -respondiendo a la pregunta del tema que se ha propuesto- que indicado desarrollo responde a una libertad académica distorsionada y adecuada a las necesidades de quien la manifiesta, donde la consigna; ya no es, cómo aproximarnos a entender el mundo; sino, qué es lo que hace más viable para particularidades, la decisión académica y la producción científica y cultural

Fossil Groups Origins III. Characterization of the sample and observational properties of fossil systems

(Abridged) Fossil systems are group- or cluster-sized objects whose luminosity is dominated by a very massive central galaxy. In the current cold dark matter scenario, these objects formed hierarchically at an early epoch of the Universe and then slowly evolved until present day. That is the reason why they are called {\it fossils}. We started an extensive observational program to characterize a sample of 34 fossil group candidates spanning a broad range of physical properties. Deep $r-$band images were taken for each candidate and optical spectroscopic observations were obtained for $\sim$ 1200 galaxies. This new dataset was completed with SDSS DR7 archival data to obtain robust cluster membership and global properties of each fossil group candidate. For each system, we recomputed the magnitude gaps between the two brightest galaxies ($\Delta m_{12}$) and the first and fourth ranked galaxies ($\Delta m_{14}$) within 0.5 $R_{{\rm 200}}$. We consider fossil systems those with $\Delta m_{12} \ge 2$ mag or $\Delta m_{14} \ge 2.5$ mag within the errors. We find that 15 candidates turned out to be fossil systems. Their observational properties agree with those of non-fossil systems. Both follow the same correlations, but fossils are always extreme cases. In particular, they host the brightest central galaxies and the fraction of total galaxy light enclosed in the central galaxy is larger in fossil than in non-fossil systems. Finally, we confirm the existence of genuine fossil clusters. Combining our results with others in the literature, we favor the merging scenario in which fossil systems formed due to mergers of $L^\ast$ galaxies. The large magnitude gap is a consequence of the extreme merger ratio within fossil systems and therefore it is an evolutionary effect. Moreover, we suggest that at least one candidate in our sample could represent a transitional fossil stage.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Ethical challenges in genetic research among Philippine Indigenous Peoples: Insights from fieldwork in Zamboanga and the Sulu Archipelago

The Philippines, with the recent discovery of an archaic hominin in Luzon and an extensive ethnolinguistic diversity of more than 100 Indigenous peoples, is crucial to understanding human evolution and population history in Island Southeast Asia. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies enable the rapid generation of genomic data to robustly address questions about origins, relatedness, and population movements. With the increased genetic sampling in the country, especially by international scientists, it is vital to revisit ethical rules and guidelines relevant to conducting research among Indigenous peoples. Our team led fieldwork expeditions between 2019 and February 2020 in Zamboanga and the Sulu Archipelago, a chain of islands connecting the Mindanao and Borneo landmasses. The trips concluded with a collection of 2,149 DNA samples from 104 field sites. We present our fieldwork experience among the mostly sea-oriented Sama-Bajaw and Tausug-speaking communities and propose recommendations to address the ethical challenges of conducting such research. This work contributes toward building an enabling research environment in the Philippines that respects the rights and autonomy of Indigenous peoples, who are the rightful owners of their DNA and all genetic information contained therein

Wavelength converter using a highly erbium doped optical fiber ring laser

RESUMEN: En este trabajo se presenta un conversor de longitud de onda ultra-estrecho, de alta eficiencia y todo-fibra basado en el efecto de la competición de modos en un láser de fibra dopada con erbio. Se han llevado a cabo estudios experimentales con frecuencias que van desde varios kilohercios hasta las decenas de gigahercios y para más de una longitud de onda de emisión, demostrando así que este efecto puede ser utilizado para la conversión en longitud de onda de múltiples longitudes de emisión simultáneamente.ABSTRACT: This work presents an all-fiber wavelength converter based on a highly Erdoped fiber laser which has been experimentally demonstrated. Frequencies from several kilohertz up to tens of gigahertz have been investigated. Making use of the gain competition in the amplifying medium, the wavelength conversion can be carried out over not only one lasing wavelength but over several ones. These analyses have been also carried out for more than one all-fiber ring structure, demonstrating the viability of this wavelength converter.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología dentro de los proyectos TEC2013-47264-C2 y TEC2016-76021-C2

Lightning Impulse Current Tests on Conductive Fabrics

Submitted to "Journal of Industrial Textiles"The large amount of electric current associated to lightning discharges is hazardous for living beings, equipment, structures and buildings. To protect those targets against lightning are used Lightning Protection Systems (LPS). However, there are some temporary outdoor activities and backcountry places where an adequate LPS cannot be set up mainly due to the large dimensions of its components and its heavy weight. On the search of light weight lightning protection materials that can be used as part of special LPS, we research some types of electroconductive fabrics by applying high lightning impulse currents in laboratory. The fabric samples checked were pieces of 10 cm x 10 cm: two rip-stop type, a plain-weave, a non-woven and a carbon-impregnated polymeric, all of them obtained commercially. Under laboratory conditions, these samples were subject to subsequent lightning impulse currents registering the voltage and current signals. Optical and scanning electron microscope inspections were performed after tests. Despite some changes visualized as marks left on the fabric surface, the results show that investigated conductive textiles can endure ground currents produced by atmospheric lightning since they withstand the several applied laboratory lightning impulse currents. The outcomes suggest that the weave pattern of the conductive fabric influences the lightning current tolerance, enabling some conductive fabrics to be used in heavy-current applications and as part of personal LPS for outdoor, backcountry and mobile shelters, particularly when lightweight and portability are mandatory

Molecular identification of isolates of the Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex

Background: The Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex is the second most common causal agent of dermatophytosis. It comprises five species-T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale, T. erinacei, T quinckeanum, and T. benhamie, as well as nine different genotypes of T. mentagrophytes / T. interdigitale-which are morphologically similar; however, their susceptibility to antifungal agents may differ. For targeted therapy and better prognosis, it is important to identify these species at a molecular level. However, since many hospitals lack molecular methods, the actual aetiology of dermatophytosis caused by this complex remains unknown. Objective: To characterize 55 anthropophilic isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex recovered from a dermatological centre in Yucatan, Mexico. Material and methods: Fifty-five isolates of the T. mentagrophytes complex were obtained from patients with tinea capitis, tinea pedis, tinea corporis, tinea barbae, and tinea unguium. They were characterized by their colonial and microscopic morphology on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and through the sequencing of a fragment from the region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2. Results: All colonies grown on SDA were white. Forty-six isolates formed colonies with a powdery texture, while nine isolates formed colonies with a velvety texture. The micromorphological features were typical of the T. mentagrophytes complex. The molecular analysis revealed that 55 isolates were microorganisms that belonged to the T. mentagrophytes complex, that 46 formed powdery colonies representing T. mentagrophytes, and that the other nine isolates that formed velvety colonies represented T. interdigitale. The latter nine isolates were obtained from patients with tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and tinea unguium. Conclusions: The colony morphology on SDA led to the identification of 46 isolates as T. mentagrophytes and nine isolates as T. interdigitale. At a molecular level, the species identified by their morphology were identified only as T. mentagrophytes complex

Stomatal Density and its Relationship with Yield of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) Fertilized with Biol Produced from Sugar Cane Residues

The impact of agro-industrial waste can be reduced by using it in crop fertilization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stomatal density and yield of radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) fertilized with biol at different concentrations, produced from sugar cane residues. A completely randomized blocks design statistical model was used, which consisted of 5 tests with 3 repetitions for each one, being T1 the control trial, and T2, T3, T4 and T5 the treatments using 2, 3, 4 and 5 L of biol in 200 L of water respectively. In terms of crop physical characteristics, the T5 treatment excelled in plant length, equatorial diameter, plant weight, as well as yield with 12.71 t/ha. Likewise, in the chemical analysis of the radish leaves, the T5 treatment showed an increase in K, Ca, Zn and MN, while the T2 did it in N, P and Cu, the T3 in Fe and the T4 in Mg. In terms of stomatal density, T5 stood out with 122 stomatal/mm2. Based on this, it is concluded that the increase in the dose of biol influences the increase in nutrient and stomatal density and hence the yield of the radish crop