Editorial: Glasgow Neuro Society 2021 Conference Proceedings

No abstract available

Forefoot entities

Hallux limitus and hallux rigidus describe the progressive structural restriction of the sagittal plane range of motion at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ), particularly in the direction of dorsiflexion as a result of degenerative joint changes associated with osteoarthritis (Coughlin and Shurnas 2003a; Horton et al. 1999; Lichniak 1997). Although hallux limitus and hallux rigidus are used interchangeably and there is no consensus on the diagnostic threshold separating hallux limitus and rigidus (Munuera et al. 2007), it is generally accepted that hallux limitus refers to the preliminary restriction of dorsiflexion of the hallux on the first metatarsal to less than the 65° required for normal gait (Botek and Anderson 2011; Camasta 1996; Grady et al. 2002; Van Saase et al. 1989). Progressive loss of joint range of motion develops as a result of the presence of periarticular osteophytes and alterations to the dorsal aspect of the joint, including the development of an exostosis, which creates a mechanical impingement of the proximal phalanx on the base of the first metatarsal (Zgonis et al. 2005). Hallux rigidus occurs when the degenerative joint changes progress to the point of complete loss of joint movement and subsequent joint ankylosis (Camasta 1996), with a suggested definition of no more than 10° of available hallux dorsiflexion (Stuck et al. 1988)