16 research outputs found

    Desenvolvimento de competĂȘncias sociais no jardim de infĂąncia

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    Mestrado em Educação PrĂ©-Escolar e Ensino do 1Âș Ciclo do Ensino BĂĄsicoO presente trabalho descreve um projeto desenvolvido no Ăąmbito das unidades curriculares de PrĂĄtica PedagĂłgica Supervisionada (PPS) e SeminĂĄrio de Investigação Educacional (SIE) do Mestrado em Educação PrĂ©-Escolar e Ensino do 1.Âș Ciclo do Ensino BĂĄsico, da Universidade de Aveiro. Tratou-se de um projeto de intervenção direcionado para a promoção do desenvolvimento social das crianças, em contexto de educação prĂ©-escolar. Considerando a influĂȘncia que a famĂ­lia tem no comportamento social e emocional da criança, jĂĄ que Ă© na famĂ­lia que a criança cresce e conhece as experiĂȘncias mais influentes na sua vida, quer positivas quer negativas, e considerando, sobretudo, o papel que o educador pode ter no desenvolvimento social da criança, os objetivos do estudo foram: (1) identificar alguns comportamentos nas famĂ­lias destas crianças que ajudem a compreender o seu comportamento; (2) compreender de que forma o comportamento do adulto/educador pode favorecer o desenvolvimento social das crianças e o seu bem estar emocional; (3) perceber se as atividades propostas pelo adulto/educador Ă s crianças pode facilitar o desenvolvimento da sua competĂȘncia social e do seu bem estar emocional. No sentido de concretizar estes objetivos foi entregue Ă s famĂ­lias das crianças do nosso estudo um questionĂĄrio, com o qual pretendĂ­amos obter algumas informaçÔes relevantes para melhor compreender o comportamento das crianças. O adulto/educador, sendo um modelo de referĂȘncia para as crianças, adotou uma postura reflexiva em torno das suas prĂłprias atitudes e comportamentos relacionais e procurou modelar competĂȘncias sociais positivas, tentando estabelecer relaçÔes empĂĄticas e cooperantes com todas as crianças, ajudando as crianças a apropriarem-se de comportamentos sociais positivos, recorrendo ao encorajamento e elogio sempre que era necessĂĄrio; ainda, procurou-se realizar atividades que, intencionalmente, favorecessem o desenvolvimento de comportamentos sociais adequados, bem como promover a autonomia das crianças manifestando-se abertura e recetividade face Ă s ideias e interesses das crianças. ConcluĂ­mos que os comportamentos das crianças, em grande parte, parecem ser influenciados pelas suas experiĂȘncias familiares, e que o comportamento adotado pelo adulto/educador tambĂ©m se repercute na criança, sendo importante que cada uma se sinta segura, estimada e valorizada pelo adulto. Por fim, conclui-se que as atividades propostas para facilitarem o desenvolvimento da competĂȘncia social e do bem estar emocional, tĂȘm que, acima de tudo, ir ao encontro dos interesses das crianças, sendo atraentes e despertando nelas motivação e prazer.The present work describes a project developed within the curricular units of Supervised Teaching Practice and Educational Research Seminar, part of study programme of the Masters in Pre-school education and 1st cycle of basic schooling, offered by the University of Aveiro. This consisted in an intervention project aimed to promote the social development of children in the context of pre-school education. Considering the family’s influence in the child’s social and emotional behaviour, since it is within the family context that children grow and live the most influential experiences of their lives, both positive and negative, and especially considering the role that the educator may play in the social development of the child, the purposes of this study were: (1) to identify behaviours within the family of these children that may help understand their behaviour; (2) to understand how the behaviour of the adult/educator may favour the social development of the children and their emotional well-being; (3) to understand which type of activities proposed by the adult/educator might facilitate children’s social skill and emotional well-being. In order to achieve these goals, the families of selected children were handed a questionnaire, with which we intended to obtain some relevant information to better understand the children’s behaviour. Being a reference model for the children, the adult/educator has sought to adopt a reflexive posture around his/her own attitudes and relational behaviours, trying to establish empathetic and cooperative relations with all children and helping them become aware of the positive social behaviours, resorting to encouragement and praise whenever it was necessary and also to activities that intentionally improved the development of adequate social behaviours, as well as adopting a position that promoted children autonomy and showed preoccupation in being open and receptive to the ideas and interest of children

    IL-10 Overexpression After BCG Vaccination Does Not Impair Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

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    Control of tuberculosis depends on the rapid expression of protective CD4+ T-cell responses in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected lungs. We have recently shown that the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 acts intrinsically in CD4+ T cells and impairs their parenchymal migratory capacity, thereby preventing control of Mtb infection. Herein, we show that IL-10 overexpression does not impact the protection conferred by the established memory CD4+ T-cell response, as BCG-vaccinated mice overexpressing IL-10 only during Mtb infection display an accelerated, BCG-induced, Ag85b-specific CD4+ T-cell response and control Mtb infection. However, IL-10 inhibits the migration of recently activated ESAT-6-specific CD4+ T cells into the lung parenchyma and impairs the development of ectopic lymphoid structures associated with reduced expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7. Together, our data support a role for BCG vaccination in preventing the immunosuppressive effects of IL-10 in the fast progression of Mtb infection and may provide valuable insights on the mechanisms contributing to the variable efficacy of BCG vaccination

    Estudo de conservação sob atmosfera controlada na qualidade da cereja cv. Satin

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    A cereja Ă© muito apreciada e apresenta um tempo de comercialização muito curto devido a ser um fruto altamente perecĂ­vel. TĂ©cnicas de conservação pĂłs-colheita sĂŁo essenciais para manter a qualidade da cereja atĂ© serem consumidas. Baixas temperaturas sĂŁo utilizadas para retardar o processo de deterioração da fruta e como complemento a aplicação de atmosferas controladas permite retardar o processo de amadurecimento e envelhecimento. A diminuição de oxigĂ©nio e o aumento de diĂłxido de carbono e azoto inibe o amadurecimento, mantendo o sabor e a qualidade da fruta. Neste trabalho experimental, cerejas da cultivar Satin foram conservadas em cĂąmaras de refrigeração no produtor e nas instalaçÔes do CATAA com equipamento de atmosferas controladas. Quatro atmosferas controladas com diferentes combinaçÔes de oxigĂ©nio e diĂłxido de carbono foram testadas e o seu efeito na qualidade das cerejas foi avaliado. Ao longo do tempo de conservação as cerejas foram analisadas a diferentes nĂ­veis: qualidade (peso, dureza, cor e sĂłlidos solĂșveis totais), microbiolĂłgico e organolĂ©tico. Os resultados de temperatura e humidade no produtor e no CATAA, foram comparados e indicam que ambas as situaçÔes apresentam Ăłtimas condiçÔes de conservação. No entanto, complementar a conservação com atmosferas controladas sugere que a qualidade da cereja Ă© mantida por mais tempo, atravĂ©s da minimização do envelhecimento e processo de amadurecimento.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Estudo de conservação sob atmosfera controlada na qualidade da cereja cv. Satin.

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    A cerejeira (Prunus avium L.) Ă© uma espĂ©cie pertencente Ă  subfamĂ­lia das PrunĂłideas e a produção de cereja apresenta elevada importĂąncia econĂłmica na regiĂŁo da Beira Interior, que, embora nĂŁo seja a regiĂŁo com maior ĂĄrea de produção Ă© a principal regiĂŁo de produção de Portugal. A cereja apresenta um elevado teor de compostos bioativos como vitamina C, fibra, antocianinas, quercetina e carotenĂłides relacionados com a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes e cancro (McCune et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2016). No entanto, este fruto nĂŁo climatĂ©rico deteriora-se rapidamente apĂłs a colheita apresentando alteraçÔes na cor da pele, acastanhamento do pedĂșnculo, desidratação, amolecimento da polpa, diminuição da acidez e apodrecimento (Dugan & Roberts, 1997; Wang et al., 2016). A refrigeração, combinada com a utilização de atmosferas controladas, visa o atraso da deterioração e o consequente prolongamento da vida Ăștil alargando o perĂ­odo de oferta. Esta tĂ©cnica consiste no armazenamento a baixa temperatura num ambiente com uma concentração elevada de CO2, uma concentração baixa de O2 e uma humidade relativa elevada (Andrade et al., 2019). Os valores indicados na bibliografia relativos Ă  concentração de CO2 variam entre 5% e 20% (Gross et al., 2016) e, para a concentração de O2, encontram-se entre 1% (Gross et al., 2016) e 10% (Ben-Yehoshua et al., 2005)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

    Get PDF
    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

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    Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≀ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≄ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

    O PARASITISMO SOCIAL EM MANOEL BOMFIM E A TEORIA CRÍTICA PÓS-COLONIAL

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    A releitura dos clĂĄssicos de nossa historiografia nos coloca, mais uma vez, diante da pergunta: o que o Brasil foi, estĂĄ sendo e o que se tornarĂĄ? Essa releitura revela dilemas nĂŁo resolvidos do passado e nos instiga a buscar as possibilidades perdidas, os futuros do passado a fim de projetarmos outros presentes para o Brasil. Nessa direção, retomamos aqui alguns aspectos da obra A AmĂ©rica Latina: Males de Origem de Manoel Bomfim em uma tentativa de aproximação com o pensamento pĂłs-colonial, para mostrar como outras histĂłrias podem e devem ser feitas. Manoel Bomfim, o rebelde por muito tempo esquecido, vem sendo, nestes Ășltimos anos, recolocado entre os principais intĂ©rpretes do Brasil e isso porque sua interpretação do projeto nacional contrĂĄria, em grande medida, Ă s perspectivas teĂłricas do pensamento social brasileiro de sua Ă©poca, hoje Ă© considerada inovadora e capaz de colaborar para a configuração de uma nova noção de nacionalidade numa Ă©poca de aceleração do processo de globalização que sugere Ă  teoria social que se debruce, uma vez mais, sobre a ideia de nação, as questĂ”es relacionadas com identidade e problemas raciais. Manoel Bomfim tem um olhar singular em relação ao dilema nacional e, em um movimento contra corrente da produção historiogrĂĄfica de sua Ă©poca, inclui na sua anĂĄlise histĂłrica questĂ”es de cunho social e polĂ­tico de forma crĂ­tica e original. Para o propĂłsito deste trabalho, retomamos aqui a tese do parasitismo social que, no nosso entendimento, excepcionaliza o pensamento de Manoel Bomfim na sua Ă©poca e possibilita uma aproximação com a teoria crĂ­tica pĂłs-colonial
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