Polpa cítrica peletizada em ração para frangas

A utilização da polpa cítrica peletizada, como ingrediente de ração para frangas destinadas a reposição do plantei de postura, foi estudada ao nível de 10%, em substituição parcial ao fubá de milho. Não foi constatada diferença estatística significativa para qualquer das variáveis estudadas, a saber: ganho em peso, conversão alimentar, idade das aves à maturidade sexual, peso do primeiro ovo, peso médio dos ovos até 50% de postura e número de ovos produzidos até 175 dias ou 22 semanas de idade (50% postura).As the World’s top citrus juice exporter, Brazil has nowadays a potential for more than two hundreds tons of dried citrus pulp, annually. An experiment was run using 128 Leghorn pullets aging 65 days to 50% egg’s production. A randomized complete-block design was followed, with two treatments and four replicates of 16 individuals. Corn meal was partially replaced for ground pelleted citrus pulp, at 10% level. No statistical significant differences were noticed for age at sexual A maturity (days): Treatment A = 156.54 and Treatment B = 155.37 S (^m) = 1.27; first egg’s weight (g ) : A = 42.06 and B = 41.56; S (^m ) = .36; average egg's weight to 50% production (g ) : A = 45.74 and B = 45.95; S (^m ) = .75; weight gains (k g ): A = 7.33 and B = 7.48; S (^m ) - .13; A feed conversion (k g ): A = 7.11 and B = 7.35; S (^m ) = .13. Considering these results it is reasonable to assume that ground pelleted citrus pulp is a fair ingredient for pullet’s ration

Dietary supplementation with live or autolyzed yeast: Effects on performance, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of live or autolyzed yeast supplementation on dairy cow performance and ruminal fermentation. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate performance, feed sorting, total-tract apparent digestibility of nutrients, purine derivatives excretion, N utilization, ruminal fermentation, and the abundance of specific bacterial groups in the rumen. In experiment 1, 39 Holstein cows (171 ± 40 DIM and 32.6 ± 5.4 kg/d milk yield) were blocked according to parity, DIM, and milk yield and randomly assigned to the following treatments: control (CON); autolyzed yeast fed at 0.625 g/kg DM (AY; Levabon, DSM-Firmenich); or live yeast fed at 0.125 g/kg DM (LY; Vistacell, AB Vista). Cows were submitted to a 2-wk adaptation period followed by a 9-wk trial. In experiment 2, 8 ruminal cannulated Holstein cows (28.4 ± 4.0 kg/d milk yield and 216 ± 30 DIM), of which 4 were multiparous and 4 were primiparous, were blocked according to parity and enrolled into a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment with 21-d periods (the last 7 d for sampling). Cows within blocks were randomly assigned to treatment sequences: control (CON), LY (using the same product and dietary concentration as described in experiment 1), AY, or autolyzed yeast fed at 0.834 g/kg DM (AY2). In experiments 1 and 2, nutrient intake and total-tract apparent digestibility were not affected by treatments. Sorting for long feed particles (>19 mm) tended to be greater in cows fed yeast supplements than CON in experiment 1. Efficiency of N conversion into milk N was increased when feeding yeast supplements in experiment 1, and 3.5% FCM yield tended to be greater in cows fed yeast supplements than CON. Feed efficiency was increased when yeast supplements were fed to cows in relation to CON in experiment 1. In experiment 2, yield of FCM and fat were greater in cows fed yeast supplements compared with CON. Uric acid concentration and output in urine were increased when feeding yeast supplements when compared with CON. Neither ruminal pH nor total VFA were influenced by treatments. The current study did not reveal treatment differences in ruminal abundance of Anaerovibrio lipolytica, the genus Butyrivibrio, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Butyrivibrio proteoclasticus, or Streptococcus bovis. Yeast supplementation can increase feed efficiency without affecting nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal VFA concentration, or ruminal abundance of specific bacterial groups. Supplementing live or autolyzed yeast, regardless of the dose, resulted in similar performance