Évolution du contenu détritique sédimentaire au cours d’un cycle orogénique

Surface processes changes resulting from tectonics and climate interactions are potentially preserved by the sedimentary record. Here we focus on the North Iberian plate, which records each phases of the alpin cycle. In order to study the detrital content evolution from rifting to mountain formation we use a combination of low temperature thermochronometers. First, results allow us to constrain the tectono-thermal and detrital histories of the Cameros inverted mesozoic rift basin over 100 Ma. Then, new thermochronological, petrological and geochronological data lead us to extend this observation at the Ebro basin regional scale and to explore the detrital thermochronology potential bias on the source signal. Finally, these results are integrated into a reconstruction proposal of the Iberian paleogeography, from the Oxfordian to the late Miocene.Les sédiments reflètent l’évolution des processus de surface résultant des interactions entre tectonique et climat. Cette thèse est focalisée sur le nord de l’Ibérie, qui enregistre les différentes étapes du cycle alpin. Elle a pour but, au travers d’une étude combinée thermochronométrique basse température, de retracer l’évolution du contenu détritique du rifting, à la surrection de la chaîne jusqu’à la destruction de celle-ci. En premier lieu, une approche locale nous permet de contraindre l’évolution tectono-thermale et détritique sur les derniers 100 Ma d’un ancien bassin du système de rift ibérique : le bassin de Cameros. En second temps, une étude étendue à l’échelle du bassin de l’Èbre explore les biais de la thermochronologie détritique basse température sur le signal source grâce à de nouvelles données pétrographiques et géochronologiques. Enfin, l’ensemble des résultats est intégré dans une proposition de reconstruction de la paléogéographie de l’Ibérie, de l’Oxfordien au Miocène supérieur

Detrital sedimentary content evolution during an orogenic cycle

Les sédiments reflètent l'évolution des processus de surface résultant des interactions entre tectonique et climat. Cette thèse est focalisée sur le nord de l'Ibérie, qui enregistre les différentes étapes du cycle alpin. Elle a pour but, au travers d'une étude combinée thermochronométrique basse température, de retracer l'évolution du contenu détritique du rifting, à la surrection de la chaîne jusqu'à la destruction de celle-ci. En premier lieu, une approche locale nous permet de contraindre l'évolution tectono-thermale et détritique sur les derniers 100 Ma d'un ancien bassin du système de rift ibérique : le bassin de Cameros. En second temps, une étude étendue à l'échelle du bassin de l'Èbre explore les biais de la thermochronologie détritique basse température sur le signal source grâce à de nouvelles données pétrographiques et géochronologiques. Enfin, l'ensemble des résultats est intégré dans une proposition de reconstruction de la paléogéographie de l'Ibérie, de l'Oxfordien au Miocène supérieur.Surface processes changes resulting from tectonics and climate interactions are potentially preserved by the sedimentary record. Here we focus on the North Iberian plate, which records each phases of the alpin cycle. In order to study the detrital content evolution from rifting to mountain formation we use a combination of low temperature thermochronometers. First, results allow us to constrain the tectono-thermal and detrital histories of the Cameros inverted mesozoic rift basin over 100 Ma. Then, new thermochronological, petrological and geochronological data lead us to extend this observation at the Ebro basin regional scale and to explore the detrital thermochronology potential bias on the source signal. Finally, these results are integrated into a reconstruction proposal of the Iberian paleogeography, from the Oxfordian to the late Miocene

Evolution du contenu sédimentaire détritique au cours d'un cycle orogénique

Surface processes changes resulting from tectonics and climate interactions are potentially preserved by the sedimentary record. Here we focus on the North Iberian plate, which records each phases of the alpin cycle. In order to study the detrital content evolution from rifting to mountain formation we use a combination of low temperature thermochronometers. First, results allow us to constrain the tectono-thermal and detrital histories of the Cameros inverted mesozoic rift basin over 100 Ma. Then, new thermochronological, petrological and geochronological data lead us to extend this observation at the Ebro basin regional scale and to explore the detrital thermochronology potential bias on the source signal. Finally, these results are integrated into a reconstruction proposal of the Iberian paleogeography, from the Oxfordian to the late Miocene.Les sédiments reflètent l'évolution des processus de surface résultant des interactions entre tectonique et climat. Cette thèse est focalisée sur le nord de l'Ibérie, qui enregistre les différentes étapes du cycle alpin. Elle a pour but, au travers d'une étude combinée thermochronométrique basse température, de retracer l'évolution du contenu détritique du rifting, à la surrection de la chaîne jusqu'à la destruction de celle-ci. En premier lieu, une approche locale nous permet de contraindre l'évolution tectono-thermale et détritique sur les derniers 100 Ma d'un ancien bassin du système de rift ibérique : le bassin de Cameros. En second temps, une étude étendue à l'échelle du bassin de l'Èbre explore les biais de la thermochronologie détritique basse température sur le signal source grâce à de nouvelles données pétrographiques et géochronologiques. Enfin, l'ensemble des résultats est intégré dans une proposition de reconstruction de la paléogéographie de l'Ibérie, de l'Oxfordien au Miocène supérieur

Timing and distribution of exhumation in the Ebro basin reveal a plate-scale 10 Ma geodynamic event

International audienceThe interplays between deep geodynamic processes and Earth-surface erosion processes control the elevation and distribution of land masses, which in turn control environmental changes. These interactions can be best evaluated in post-orogenic landscapes defined by decaying crustal deformation. This is the case of the Iberia peninsula where a growing body of geological evidence suggests the existence of a post-orogenic erosion around 10 Ma, well documented across the Pyrenees. Different mechanisms have been proposed, including lithospheric and sublithospheric processes, and Earth-surface processes triggered by base-level change and/or climate forcing on erosion. Here, we focus on the Ebro basin, which was a closed basin that opened towards the Mediterranean in the late Miocene. The distribution and exact timing of erosion in the Ebro basin are, however, only partially known, and do not yet allow resolving the post-orogenic mechanisms involved. We present new (U-Th-Sm)/He dates on apatite obtained in sandstones distributed from the edges of the Ebro basin to its center. The results of the thermal modelling confirm that the exhumation of the Ebro Basin took place between 12 and 6 Ma, or around 10 Ma when accounting for model uncertainties. Reconstruction of the sediment infill reveals that the late Miocene post-orogenic deposits were the thickest, between 1 and 1.6 km, near the topographic front of adjacent mountain ranges and were the thinnest, approximately 300 m, in the center. The exhumation in the Ebro basin occurred after shortening has stopped, and before the Messinian Salinity Crisis. It is consistent with the widespread 10 Ma-exhumation event documented throughout Iberia, from the Aquitaine basin to the Betic Cordillera, and provides evidence of large-scale lithospheric and sublithospheric processes that coincide with the cessation of slab retreat in the West Mediterranean. We propose that a plate-scale uplift driven by deep-seated processes is the main cause of the Ebro basin incision. The response of the landscape to this geodynamically controlled erosion event led to a complex tectonic reorganization, e.g. along the strike of the Pyrenees, environmental changes in the Mediterranean, leading to the Messinian Salinity Crisis, and faunal turnover over Iberia

Perception of pharmacy students toward opioid-related disorders and roles of community pharmacists: A French nationwide cross-sectional study

International audienceBackground: Community pharmacists are among the frontline health professionals who manage patients with an opioid-related disorder (ORD). Pharmacists frequently have a negative attitude toward these patients, which could have a negative impact on their management. However, education on ORD may improve the attitude of future healthcare professionals. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess French pharmacy students' perceptions of ORD. Methods: This online survey was performed by emails sent to French pharmacy schools (between January 14, 2019 and May 31, 2019). The primary outcome was the perception (visual analogic scale) of ORD as a disease, the roles of community pharmacies (delivery of opioid agonist therapy-OAT and harm reduction kits), and the efficacy of OAT. The secondary outcomes assessed professional experience, university experience of and education on ORD, and the individual characteristics of students. Results: Among the 1,994 students included, 76.3% perceived ORD as a disease and felt that it was normal for pharmacists to deliver OAT (78.9%) and harm reduction kits (74.6%). However, only 46.9% perceived OAT as being effective. Multivariable analyses showed that females had a more positive perception in recognizing ORD as a disease. The progression through university years increased the positive perception of ORD as a disease and the delivery of OAT and harm reduction kits by pharmacists. Education on substance-related disorders had no impact on any scores. Students who had already delivered OAT had a negative perception of their efficacy. The students who had already performed pharmacy jobs or traineeships had a negative perception of harm reduction kit delivery. Conclusion: Education on substance-related disorders had no impact on students' perceptions. It seemed that the maturity acquired through university years had a stronger impact on the students' perceptions of ORD. Efforts must be made to improve our teaching methods and reinforce the confidence of students in the roles of community pharmacists

Tertiary lymphoid structures in epithelioid malignant peritoneal mesothelioma are associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but not with prognosis

International audienc

Ovarian and peritoneal psammocarcinoma: Results of a multicenter study on 25 patients

International audiencePurpose: Psammocarcinoma (PK) is a rare disease of unknown origin. We aimed to report the characteristics, management and survival of patients operated on for PK within the French Network for Rare Peritoneal Malignancies (RENAPE) expert centers.Patients and methods: All consecutive cases of PK operated within all 26 RENAPE centers between 1997 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results: Twenty-five patients were identified. The median age was 53 years [range 17–78]. None of the patients had extra peritoneal metastases at diagnosis. A median of 6 cycles of carboplatin-based systemic chemotherapy was delivered in 52% preoperatively (n = 13) and 56% postoperatively (n = 14); associated with placlitaxel for 12 patients. All patients were operated on. The median PCI was 23 [0–33]. Eighty-four percent had a complete cytoreductive surgery through digestive (n = 7), spleen (n = 3), pancreas (n = 1) resections and/or multiple peritonectomies (n = 11). Five patients (20%) had intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Morbidity (Dindo-Clavien ≥3) was 12%. No postoperative death occurred. After a median follow-up of 42 months (range [2–194]), the median overall (OS) and progression-free (DFS) survival times were respectively 128 months and 31 months. Eighteen patients recurred (72%), mainly in the peritoneum (n = 16). Four of them (22%) were reoperated. The 5 and 10-year DFS rates were both 20.3%. The 5 and 10-year OS rates were 62% and 51.7%, respectively. A complete cytoreductive surgery was associated with a better OS and DFS in a univariate analysis.Conclusion: Complete cytoreductive surgery is the cornerstone of the PK's management as a primary treatment. Recurrence remains common and new adjuvant strategies seem needed

Impact of the first wave of COVID-19 epidemy on the surgical management of sigmoid diverticular disease in France: National French retrospective study

International audienceObjective: To analyze the surgical management of sigmoid diverticular disease (SDD) before, during, and after the first containment rules (CR) for the first wave of COVID-19.Methods: From the French Surgical Association multicenter series, this study included all patients operated on between January 2018 and September 2021. Three groups were compared: A (before CR period: 01/01/18-03/16/20), B (CR period: 03/17/20-05/03/20), and C (post CR period: 05/04/20-09/30/21).Results: A total of 1965 patients (A n = 1517, B n = 52, C n = 396) were included. The A group had significantly more previous SDD compared to the two other groups (p = 0.007), especially complicated (p = 0.0004). The rate of peritonitis was significantly higher in the B (46.1%) and C (38.4%) groups compared to the A group (31.7%) (p = 0.034 and p = 0.014). As regards surgical treatment, Hartmann's procedure was more often performed in the B group (44.2%, vs A 25.5% and C 26.8%, p = 0.01). Mortality at 90 days was significantly higher in the B group (9.6%, vs A 4% and C 6.3%, p = 0.034). This difference was also significant between the A and B groups (p = 0.048), as well as between the A and C groups (p = 0.05). There was no significant difference between the three groups in terms of postoperative morbidity.Conclusion: This study shows that the management of SDD was impacted by COVID-19 at CR, but also after and until September 2021, both on the initial clinical presentation and on postoperative mortality