Proactive control of cresting in homogeneous oil reservoirs : an experimental study

Cresting in horizontal wells is a well-known reservoir problem usually described as the insurgence of effluent(s) (unwanted water and or gas) through the perforation of the well, which is produced together with oil. Cresting is majorly affected by pressure drop, resulting in uneconomic oil production rates and large volumes of oil could be left behind due to premature shut-in of the well. This study experimentally investigates the use of electromagnetic valve in proactively controlling production of water during cresting from homogeneous thick- and thin-oil rim reservoirs, based on the principle of capillarity (reservoir wettability) and effluents (water and gas) breakthrough time. A time, half the approximated initial effluents breakthrough time, was pre-set for the electromagnetic valve to close. The valve closed almost immediately at the set-time thereby shutting oil production temporarily, causing the water and gas height levels to recede by gravity and capillarity. The efficiency of this technique was compared with an uncontrolled simulation case, in terms of cumulative oil produced and water produced at the same overall production time. Using the cresting control procedure, higher percentages in oil produced and water reduction were observed in the cases controlled proactively. An increment of 3.56% in oil produced and decrement in cumulative water produced of 9.96% were observed for the thick-oil rim reservoir while little increment in oil produced of 0.7% and lower water reduction of 1.03% were observed in the thin-oil rim reservoir. Hence, the effectiveness of the cresting control procedure depends on the oil-column height in the reservoir

The disruption of proteostasis in neurodegenerative diseases

Cells count on surveillance systems to monitor and protect the cellular proteome which, besides being highly heterogeneous, is constantly being challenged by intrinsic and environmental factors. In this context, the proteostasis network (PN) is essential to achieve a stable and functional proteome. Disruption of the PN is associated with aging and can lead to and/or potentiate the occurrence of many neurodegenerative diseases (ND). This not only emphasizes the importance of the PN in health span and aging but also how its modulation can be a potential target for intervention and treatment of human diseases.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Are remote sensing evapotranspiration models reliable across South American ecoregions?

Many remote sensing-based evapotranspiration (RSBET) algorithms have been proposed in the past decades and evaluated using flux tower data, mainly over North America and Europe. Model evaluation across South America has been done locally or using only a single algorithm at a time. Here, we provide the first evaluation of multiple RSBET models, at a daily scale, across a wide variety of biomes, climate zones, and land uses in South America. We used meteorological data from 25 flux towers to force four RSBET models: Priestley–Taylor Jet Propulsion Laboratory (PT-JPL), Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM), Penman–Monteith Mu model (PM-MOD), and Penman–Monteith Nagler model (PME-VI). ET was predicted satisfactorily by all four models, with correlations consistently higher (R2 > 0.6) for GLEAM and PT-JPL, and PM-MOD and PM-VI presenting overall better responses in terms of percent bias (- 10 <PBIAS < 10%). As for PM-VI, this outcome is expected, given that the model requires calibration with local data. Model skill seems to be unrelated to land-use but instead presented some dependency on biome and climate, with the models producing the best results for wet to moderately wet environments. Our findings show the suitability of individual models for a number of combinations of land cover types, biomes, and climates. At the same time, no model outperformed the others for all conditions, which emphasizes the need for adapting individual algorithms to take into account intrinsic characteristics of climates and ecosystems in South America

Emergencias y desastres

Aplicaci&oacute;n de encuesta en aldeas, instaladas posterremoto/tsunami, Regi&oacute;n del MauleCooperaci&oacute;n internacional y respuesta del sistema de salud frente al terremoto de febrero de 2010Estudio de los fallecidos durante el desastre del 27 de febrero en ChileExperiencia de solidaridad internacional de urgencia en Rancagua, Chile, postsismo 2010Incidencia de patolog&iacute;as posterremoto en la comunidad de Huala&ntilde;&eacute;Incidencia de trastorno de estr&eacute;s postraum&aacute;tico posterior al terremoto en Chile en los trabajadores bancario