Quelles compétences et littératies pour les humanités numériques ?

Un atelier qui concerne également l'identification de compétences. Question qui se pose souvent dans le cadre de projet. L'idée serait d'identifier ces compétences afin de contribuer à la définition de formations pour pouvoir disposer des personnes qui aient cette somme de compétences nécessaire pour monter des projets ambitieux. Sans doute faire un début de cartographie avec du mindmapping pour identifier des compétences clefs à développer dans les formations. L'objectif est de débattre sur les compétences et littératies nécessaires pour s'investir dans les humanités numériques. Quelles sont les compétences numériques, informatiques et intellectuelles pour y parvenir.  Faut-il faire évoluer les formations actuelles ? L'objectif est de tenter de dessiner une matrice des compétences minimales et d'envisager celles qui seront nécessaires à l'avenir pour accueillir et former les futurs chercheurs notamment en SHS.

Genome-wide Analyses Identify KIF5A as a Novel ALS Gene

To identify novel genes associated with ALS, we undertook two lines of investigation. We carried out a genome-wide association study comparing 20,806 ALS cases and 59,804 controls. Independently, we performed a rare variant burden analysis comparing 1,138 index familial ALS cases and 19,494 controls. Through both approaches, we identified kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) as a novel gene associated with ALS. Interestingly, mutations predominantly in the N-terminal motor domain of KIF5A are causative for two neurodegenerative diseases: hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG10) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 (CMT2). In contrast, ALS-associated mutations are primarily located at the C-terminal cargo-binding tail domain and patients harboring loss-of-function mutations displayed an extended survival relative to typical ALS cases. Taken together, these results broaden the phenotype spectrum resulting from mutations in KIF5A and strengthen the role of cytoskeletal defects in the pathogenesis of ALS.Peer reviewe

Glass-gems from the National Archaeological Museum in Aquileia: A PIXE/PIGE compositional study

A total of 100 investigated coloured/colourless opaque and transparent glass-gems of the National Archaeological Museum of Aquileia (Italy) have been analyzed with a non-invasive approach, at the AGLAE facility (Centre de Recherche et Restauration des Musées de France - C2RMF), located at the Palais du Louvre in Paris (France). The collection represents a “unicum” in terms of number of finds and richness of typologies. Almost all the glass-gems were discovered in the Roman site of Aquileia, known as an important center of glass working, and are dated between the 2nd century BCE to the 2nd century CE. Their safe provenance from the city and cemeteries of Roman Aquileia, and their number, offer an unparalleled statistical sample. Most of the objects belong to the natron-glass group. The families of HIMT glass and glass made from plant ashes are also represented. This compositional variety of glass supports the hypothesis that Aquileia was an important glass working center in the Roman age

Carbon mapping in steel using 12C(d,pγ)13C in external beam

International audienceCarbon concentration and distribution has a dramatic impact on mechanical properties of steel. The manufacture technology of ancient steel is an important question in archaeometallurgy, especially during medieval times when the production process evolves between indirect and direct modes. Steel is an iron alloy incorporating up to a few % of carbon in weight, heterogeneously clustered in various carbide phases that are usually imaged by metallographic microscopy after acid etching. We have investigated the capability to obtain in a direct, non-destructive way and quantitative maps of carbon in steel samples using the 12C(d,pγ)13C reaction with the simultaneous detection of the emission of the 3089 keV γ-ray (d-PIGE) and of the p0 proton group (d-NRA). Carbon spot measurements and mappings were carried out using an external deuteron microbeam of 1.5 MeV at the New AGLAE facility of the Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France. The beam diameter on the target was around 50 µm and its mean intensity 4nA, monitored by using the PIXE signal (Fe Kα line) emitted by the sample. Spectra were fitted using the SIMNRA program and the calculated composition checked against standard reference steel targets. Carbon distribution maps were extracted from the collected γ-ray and proton spectra datacubes. Spot measurements acquired in 2 min yielded a limit of detection of 200 ppm carbon weight for d-PIGE and 10 ppm for d-NRA. Proton detection appeared more effective than γ-ray detection owing to better statistics, mainly due to higher detection efficiency and better S/N ratio while γ-rays detection is affected by the spurious emission from nitrogen contained in the exit foil. Carbon concentration was mapped on a medieval archaeological iron alloy sample (140 × 32 points, 7 mm × 1.6 mm area) using a 1.6 sec dwell time, yielding a carbon content of 0.395 % with an uncertainty of 10 %. Heterogeneities could be evidenced in the maps, and incidentally the presence of oxygen. A simple methodology was developed to derive the depth distribution maps of carbon in the first microns of the sample

Historical glass mosaic tesserae: a multi-analytical approach for their characterization

We present a completely non-destructive approach to analyse a set of historical glass mosaic tesserae. Aim of the study is to obtain a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the glass matrix in terms of elements and mineralogical phases. Several non-destructive techniques have been applied like Particle-Induced X-ray Emission, Particle-Induced Gamma-ray Emission, micro-Raman spectroscopy, neutron resonance capture analysis and neutron activation analysis in order to combine different technique strengths and to explore the effect of different range sizes for the analysis. Yet, best practices require the use of combined analysis and different skills. The paradigm of a non-destructive multi-analytical approach is suggested for a comprehensive investigation in non-homogeneous real samples, like historical glass mosaic tesserae

Inside an industrial manufactory of ceramic: recipes evolution and production strategies

International audienc