EFFECT OF MUSTAKADI VATI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GRAHANI DOSHA IN CHILDREN – A CASE STUDY

BACKGROUND: Grahani is the Adhishthana of Agni and Agni Dushti is the main reason of the disease. The disease Grahani Dosha is very commonly seen in present pediatric practice and it aggravates to form a critical condition if the proper care is not taken. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A 8-years-old male patient of Grahani Dosha with complaints of defecation just after taking meal, Bowel frequency 3-4 times/day, irregular bowel habit, loss of appetite, generalized weakness, occasional pain in abdomen, slow weight gain for 5-6 months was treated by Mustakadi Vati in three divided doses of 10 Vati per day after meal for 8 weeks with SukhoshnaJala. RESULT: Marked improvement was found after 8 weeks of treatment i.e., bowel frequency reduced to 1 time/day, no weakness, abdominal pain relieved, 2 kg body weight gained. Hematological parameters along with routine and microscopic investigations of stool and urine were done before and after the treatment, all were found normal. Mala Parikshana was done before treatment which showed sinking of stool in water and foul smell and after 8 weeks of treatment again Mala Parikshana was done where floating of stool in water and no foul smell were found. CONCLUSION: This case study has shown that Mustakadi Vati is effective in improving the symptoms of Grahani Dosha. Marked improvements were found in all the symptoms of Grahani Dosha in Children

EMERGING QUALITY CONTROL PERSPECTIVES FOR AYURVEDIC DRUG

Ayush system of medicines based Herbal Pharmaceutical industry (ASU & H drug mfg) is having great potential and opportunities in India for development in future because of global acceptability of the medicinal plants & their value added products in Domestic & International Market as Ayurvedic, Unani and Siddha medicines, Herbal Nutraceuticals, Herbal Cosmoceutical, Herbal Health drinks, Dietary Health Supplements, Medicinal Plants / Crude Drugs, Herbal Extracts / Concentrates, Veterinary Medicines, Health Foods. India is rich with 771468 registered Ayush practitioners, 8667 licensed Ayurvedic drug manufacturing units. Quality Control/Assurance is the department, which controls all activities at various level of manufacturing as National & International standard. Ministry of Ayush continues to lay emphasis on up gradation of AYUSH educational standards, Quality control and standardisation of drugs, improving the availability of medicinal plant material, research and development and awareness generation about the efficacy of the system domestically and internationally. There are various issues & challenges related to drug quality for ASU&H Pharmaceutical Industries in India. It needs proper attention of policy makers and regulator & academia. Complete Implementation of GMP (schedule T) norm/guidelines and quality control/assurance procedure and activities is a big challenge for ensuring quality of drug

Immuno-informatics based approaches to design a novel multi epitope-based vaccine for immune response reinforcement against Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is known as a zoonotic disease of global importance originated from infection with the spirochete bacterium Leptospira. Although several leptospirosis vaccines have been tested, the vaccination is relatively unsuccessful in clinical application despite decades of research. Therefore, this study was conducted to construct a novel multi-epitope based vaccine against leptospirosis by using Hap1, LigA, LAg42, SphH and HSP58 antigens. T cell and IFN gamma epitopes were predicted from these antigens. In addition, to induce strong CD4+ helper T lymphocytes (HTLs) responses, Pan HLA DR-binding epitope (PADRE) and helper epitopes selected from Tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFrC) were applied. Moreover, for boosting immune response, Heparin-Binding Hemagglutinin (HBHA), a novel TLR4 agonist was added to the construct as an adjuvant. Finally, selected epitopes were linked together using EAAAK, GPGPG, AAY and HEYGAEALERAG linkers. Based on the predicted epitopes, a multi-epitope vaccine was construct with 490 amino acids. Physico-chemical properties, secondary and tertiary structures, stability, intrinsic protein disorder, solubility, and allergenicity of this vaccine construct were assessed by applying immunoinformatics analyses. A soluble, and non-allergic protein with a molecular weight of 53.476 kDa was obtained. Further analyses validated the stability of the chimeric protein and the predicted epitopes in the chimeric vaccine indicated strong potential to induce B-cell and T-cell mediated immune response. Therefore, immunoinformatics analysis showed that the modeled multi-epitope vaccine can properly stimulate the both T and B cells immune responses and could potentially be used for prophylactic or therapeutic usages

On the mechanisms governing gas penetration into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection

A new 1D radial fluid code, IMAGINE, is used to simulate the penetration of gas into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection (MGI). The main result is that the gas is in general strongly braked as it reaches the plasma, due to mechanisms related to charge exchange and (to a smaller extent) recombination. As a result, only a fraction of the gas penetrates into the plasma. Also, a shock wave is created in the gas which propagates away from the plasma, braking and compressing the incoming gas. Simulation results are quantitatively consistent, at least in terms of orders of magnitude, with experimental data for a D 2 MGI into a JET Ohmic plasma. Simulations of MGI into the background plasma surrounding a runaway electron beam show that if the background electron density is too high, the gas may not penetrate, suggesting a possible explanation for the recent results of Reux et al in JET (2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 093013)

Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JET

The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are often described by so-called weight functions. Recently, we formulated weight functions showing the velocity-space sensitivity of the often dominant beam-target part of neutron energy spectra. These weight functions for neutron emission spectrometry (NES) are independent of the particular NES diagnostic. Here we apply these NES weight functions to the time-of-flight spectrometer TOFOR at JET. By taking the instrumental response function of TOFOR into account, we calculate time-of-flight NES weight functions that enable us to directly determine the velocity-space sensitivity of a given part of a measured time-of-flight spectrum from TOFOR

Relationship of edge localized mode burst times with divertor flux loop signal phase in JET

A phase relationship is identified between sequential edge localized modes (ELMs) occurrence times in a set of H-mode tokamak plasmas to the voltage measured in full flux azimuthal loops in the divertor region. We focus on plasmas in the Joint European Torus where a steady H-mode is sustained over several seconds, during which ELMs are observed in the Be II emission at the divertor. The ELMs analysed arise from intrinsic ELMing, in that there is no deliberate intent to control the ELMing process by external means. We use ELM timings derived from the Be II signal to perform direct time domain analysis of the full flux loop VLD2 and VLD3 signals, which provide a high cadence global measurement proportional to the voltage induced by changes in poloidal magnetic flux. Specifically, we examine how the time interval between pairs of successive ELMs is linked to the time-evolving phase of the full flux loop signals. Each ELM produces a clear early pulse in the full flux loop signals, whose peak time is used to condition our analysis. The arrival time of the following ELM, relative to this pulse, is found to fall into one of two categories: (i) prompt ELMs, which are directly paced by the initial response seen in the flux loop signals; and (ii) all other ELMs, which occur after the initial response of the full flux loop signals has decayed in amplitude. The times at which ELMs in category (ii) occur, relative to the first ELM of the pair, are clustered at times when the instantaneous phase of the full flux loop signal is close to its value at the time of the first ELM

Open data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages

Search for gravitational-wave transients associated with magnetar bursts in advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo data from the third observing run

Gravitational waves are expected to be produced from neutron star oscillations associated with magnetar giant f lares and short bursts. We present the results of a search for short-duration (milliseconds to seconds) and longduration (∼100 s) transient gravitational waves from 13 magnetar short bursts observed during Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA’s third observation run. These 13 bursts come from two magnetars, SGR1935 +2154 and SwiftJ1818.0−1607. We also include three other electromagnetic burst events detected by FermiGBM which were identified as likely coming from one or more magnetars, but they have no association with a known magnetar. No magnetar giant flares were detected during the analysis period. We find no evidence of gravitational waves associated with any of these 16 bursts. We place upper limits on the rms of the integrated incident gravitational-wave strain that reach 3.6 × 10−²³ Hz at 100 Hz for the short-duration search and 1.1 ×10−²² Hz at 450 Hz for the long-duration search. For a ringdown signal at 1590 Hz targeted by the short-duration search the limit is set to 2.3 × 10−²² Hz. Using the estimated distance to each magnetar, we derive upper limits upper limits on the emitted gravitational-wave energy of 1.5 × 1044 erg (1.0 × 1044 erg) for SGR 1935+2154 and 9.4 × 10^43 erg (1.3 × 1044 erg) for Swift J1818.0−1607, for the short-duration (long-duration) search. Assuming isotropic emission of electromagnetic radiation of the burst fluences, we constrain the ratio of gravitational-wave energy to electromagnetic energy for bursts from SGR 1935+2154 with the available fluence information. The lowest of these ratios is 4.5 × 103