Precisión de diámetro abdominal sagital como predictor de la grasa abdominal en brasileños adultos: una comparación con la circunferencia de la cintura

Aim: We aim was to compare the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) with waist circumference (WC) as a predictor of central obesity among adults and to identify the sensitivity and specificity of the best cut-off point for SAD.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 266 Brazilians adults (euthrophic and overweight), aged 31-84 years old, of which 89 men and 177 women, was carried out. Anthropometric measurements such as SAD, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, waist and hip ratio, body mass index, body fat percentage were performed. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve was used to identify the sensitivity and specificity of the best cut off point for SAD as a predictor of central obesity. Statistical analysis were considered significant with a value of p < 0.05.Results: the SAD measurement was positively correlated with WC for both genders, although stronger among overweight and obesity women (r = 0.71; p < 0.001 and r = 0.79; p < 0.001, respectively) than men. ROC curves identified the best cut-off points for SAD of 23.1 cm and 20.1 cm for men and women (96% and 85% sensitivity, 86% and 84% specificity, respectively).Conclusion: SAD measurement may be used as an anthropometric tool to identify central obesity among women for presenting adequate sensitivity and specificity.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilSão Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Publ Hlth, Ctr Metab Exercise & Nutr CeMENutri, Botucatu, SP, BrazilPUC, Sch Nutr, Campinas, SP, BrazilSão Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Stat, Botucatu, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Physiol, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

La leishmaniasis en España: evolución de los casos notificados a La Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica desde 2005 a 2017 y resultados de la vigilancia de 2014 a 2017

[ES] La leishmaniasis es una enfermedad endémica en España. Es de declaración obligatoria en todo el territorio desde 2015 a través de la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE). Los objetivos son conocer su distribución temporal y espacial, describir la epidemiología de los casos autóctonos y conocer la calidad de las notificaciones. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el que se analizó la distribución temporal de casos y las tasas de las comunidades autónomas (CCAA) con notificación estable (2005 a 2017). Además, a partir de los casos autóctonos notificados entre 2014 y 2017 se realizó un estudio descriptivo que incluyó la distribución temporal y espacial (casos y tasas). La calidad se midió según la exhaustividad en la cumplimentación de las variables. Entre 2005 y 2017 hubo 8 CCAA con notificación estable (media 141 casos/año, tasa de período 0,62 casos/100.000 hab.). Hubo picos en 2011 y 2012 debidos principalmente a la Comunidad de Madrid. Excluyendo los casos de la C. de Madrid (TI Otras) la evolución observada fue más estable, con tendencia ascendente desde 2012. Entre 2014 y 2017 hubo 1359 casos autóctonos (media 340 casos/año; tasa 0,76) de 15 CCAA, con una tendencia ascendente. El mayor número correspondió a enero y junio. 5 CCAA acumularon el 89,9% de los casos del período: Comunidad Valenciana, Comunidad de Madrid, Cataluña, Baleares y Andalucía. Presentaron tasas superiores a la del período Baleares, Comunidad Valenciana, Comunidad de Madrid y Castilla La-Mancha. El 61,1% de los casos eran hombres y la edad mediana 48 años. Las tasas más elevadas se observan en los niños y niña

Knime4Bio: a set of custom nodes for the interpretation of next-generation sequencing data with KNIME†

Summary: Analysing large amounts of data generated by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies is difficult for researchers or clinicians without computational skills. They are often compelled to delegate this task to computer biologists working with command line utilities. The availability of easy-to-use tools will become essential with the generalization of NGS in research and diagnosis. It will enable investigators to handle much more of the analysis. Here, we describe Knime4Bio, a set of custom nodes for the KNIME (The Konstanz Information Miner) interactive graphical workbench, for the interpretation of large biological datasets. We demonstrate that this tool can be utilized to quickly retrieve previously published scientific findings

Visible-light photoelectrodegradation of diuron on WO3 nanostructures

The degradation of pesticide diuron has been explored by photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) under visible light illumination using two different WO3 nanostructures, obtained by anodization of tungsten. The highest degradation efficiency (73%) was obtained for WO3 nanosheets synthesized in the presence of small amounts of hydrogen peroxide (0.05 M). For that nanostructure, the kinetic coefficient for diuron degradation was 133% higher than that for the other nanostructure (anodized in the presence of fluoride anions). These results have been explained by taking into account the different architecture and dimensions of the two WO3 nanostructures under study

Radiocarbon dates for the late Pleistocene and Early Holocene occupations of Cova Rosa (Ribadesella, Asturias, Spain)

Four excavations have been performed at the archaeological site of Cova Rosa (Asturias, Cantabrian Spain): three of them in the second half of last century and the other in this decade. Although little of the archaeological material found in those excavations has been published, here we attempt the stratigraphic correlation of sections revealed by the different excavations and we present 22 new radiocarbon dates for bones and marine shells, built in a Bayesian statistical model. This has enabled the documentation of occupations that mainly took place during the Last Glacial period, in the Solutrean (middle and upper phases) and Magdalenian (archaic, lower, and upper phases), and also in the early Holocene (Mesolithic). These occupations are compared with the record at other sites in Cantabrian Spain in general and in Asturias, in particular.Introduction Cova Rosa Cave - Geographical and Geological Setting - History of Research - Stratigraphy Radiocarbon dates at Cova Rosa - Method - Validity Analysis - Results and Critical Assessment - Solutrean - Magdalenian - Mesolithic Discussion: 14C chronology of Cova Rosa Conclusion

Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the peroxisomal disease X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Human Molecular Genetics following peer review. The version of record Human Molecular Genetics 22.16 (2013): 3296-3305 is available online at http://hmg.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=23604518X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited metabolic disorder of the nervous system characterized by axonopathy in spinal cords and/or cerebral demyelination, adrenal insufficiency and accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in plasma and tissues. The disease is caused by malfunction of the ABCD1 gene, which encodes a peroxisomal transporter of VLCFAs or VLCFA-CoA. In the mouse, Abcd1 loss causes late onset axonal degeneration in the spinal cord, associated with locomotor disability resembling the most common phenotype in patients, adrenomyeloneuropathy. We have formerly shown that an excess of the VLCFA C26:0 induces oxidative damage, which underlies the axonal degeneration exhibited by the Abcd1(-) mice. In the present study, we sought to investigate the noxious effects of C26:0 on mitochondria function. Our data indicate that in X-ALD patients' fibroblasts, excess of C26:0 generates mtDNA oxidation and specifically impairs oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) triggering mitochondrial ROS production from electron transport chain complexes. This correlates with impaired complex V phosphorylative activity, as visualized by high-resolution respirometry on spinal cord slices of Abcd1(-) mice. Further, we identified a marked oxidation of key OXPHOS system subunits in Abcd1(-) mouse spinal cords at presymptomatic stages. Altogether, our results illustrate some of the mechanistic intricacies by which the excess of a fatty acid targeted to peroxisomes activates a deleterious process of oxidative damage to mitochondria, leading to a multifaceted dysfunction of this organelle. These findings may be of relevance for patient management while unveiling novel therapeutic targets for X-ALDThis study was supported by grants from the European Commission (FP7-241622), the European Leukodystrophy Association (ELA2009-036C5; ELA2008-040C4), the Spanish Institute for Health Carlos III (FIS PI080991 and FIS PI11/01043), the Autonomous Government of Catalonia (2009SGR85) to A.P. and the Spanish Institute for Health Carlos III (Miguel Servet program CP11/00080) to S.F. The CIBER on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) is an initiative of the ISCIII. The study was developed under the COST action BM0604 (to A.P.). J.L.-E. was a fellow of the Department of Education, Universities and Research of the Basque Country Government (BFI07.126). S.F. was a fellow of the European Leukodystrophy Association (ELA 2010-020F1). The studies conducted at the Department of Experimental Medicine were supported in part by R&D grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BFU2009-11879/BFI), the Spanish Ministry of Health (PI11/1532), the Autonomous Government of Catalonia (2009SGR735), the ‘La Caixa’ Foundation and COST B35 Action of the European Union. D.C. is a fellow from the Spanish Ministry of Health (FI08-00707). The studies conducted at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, were supported by grants SAF2008-01896 and SAF2011-23636 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovatio

La Cuevona de Avín (Avín, Asturias, North Spain): A new Late Pleistocene site in the lower valley of the River Güeña

The archaeological investigations carried out in the last twenty years in the Lower Valley of the River Güeña (Asturias, central part of northern Spain) have documented different prehistoric sites, particularly with Middle and Upper Palaeolithic occupations. This paper presents the first results of the archaeological excavation carried out in the cave of La Cuevona de Avín. From the systematic study of the biotic and abiotic remains, a total of three occupation phases (Phases 1 to 3) have been determined, dated in the Late Pleistocene. The lithic studies indicate the use of local raw materials (mainly quartzite), but also regional ones (different types of flint) in the whole sequence. Retouched implements are typologically representative only during the Upper Magdalenian (Phase II) and use-wear analysis indicates the manufacture and use of artefacts in situ during this phase. Archaeozoological studies reveal continuity in subsistence strategies throughout the sequence, noting specialization in red deer hunting during the Azilian (Phase I), and more diversified prey in the older phases of the sequence. © 2022 The Author(s