Morteros históricos de Santa Eulalia de Bóveda (Lugo)

Con el fin de establecer las características composicionales de las muestras de mortero de distinta fases constructivas del templo de Santa Eulalia de Bóveda. El presente escrito expone los resultados obtenidos en laboratorio, presentando especial atención a la relación árido/aglomerante y a la composición del aglomerante, para establecer una correlación estratigráfica de los mismo

Effets de l’intervention so RELAX sur la santé mentale des étudiants en sciences infirmières

Introduction : La santé mentale des étudiants en sciences infirmières a été grandement affectée par la pandémie de la COVID-19, qui a également augmenté leur sentiment de solitude. Des interventions offertes par les pairs ont montré des effets sur la santé mentale auprès de différentes populations, mais peu ont été évaluées en contexte universitaire. Dans ce contexte, les interventions qui se sont montrées efficaces sont de type cognitivo-comportemental, de méditation de pleine conscience ou de relaxation. Ces interventions sont toutefois peu accessibles et rarement offertes par les pairs. Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer les effets d’une intervention de soutien et d’enseignement par les pairs d’une technique de relaxation, le training autogène, sur la santé mentale, le soutien social, le bien-être et la performance de ces étudiants. Méthodes : Une étude pilote avec méthode mixte concomitante triangulée, comprenant un devis préexpérimental et un devis qualitatif descriptif, a été menée dans une université francophone au Québec (Canada). La conscience de soi, la détresse, les symptômes dépressifs, l’anxiété, le soutien social et le bien-être des étudiants ont été mesurés avant l’intervention, à sept semaines et à trois mois. Des entrevues ont été réalisées auprès des pairs et des étudiants. Résultats : Au total, 26 pairs ont été formés par une équipe de deux professeures et un étudiant. Ces pairs ont offert par la suite l’intervention so RELAX à 54 étudiants. Il y a une légère diminution du stress, la détresse et l’anxiété des pairs et des étudiants à sept semaines, qui se maintient à trois mois. Autant des pairs que des étudiants perçoivent des bénéfices de l’intervention au niveau de leur bien-être. Discussion et conclusion : Il s’agit de la première étude qui démontre les effets de la combinaison de l’approche par les pairs et l’apprentissage de la relaxation sur la santé mentale en contexte universitaire. L’intervention so RELAX semble prometteuse pour améliorer la santé mentale et le bien-être des étudiants en sciences infirmières.Introduction : La santé mentale des étudiants en sciences infirmières a été grandement affectée par la pandémie de la COVID-19, qui a également augmenté leur sentiment de solitude. Des interventions offertes par les pairs ont montré des effets sur la santé mentale auprès de différentes populations, mais peu ont été évaluées en contexte universitaire. Dans ce contexte, les interventions qui se sont montrées efficaces sont de type cognitivo-comportemental, de méditation de pleine conscience ou de relaxation. Ces interventions sont toutefois peu accessibles et rarement offertes par les pairs. Le but de cette étude est d’évaluer les effets d’une intervention de soutien et d’enseignement par les pairs d’une technique de relaxation, le training autogène, sur la santé mentale, le soutien social, le bien-être et la performance de ces étudiants. Méthodes : Une étude pilote avec méthode mixte concomitante triangulée, comprenant un devis préexpérimental et un devis qualitatif descriptif, a été menée dans une université francophone au Québec (Canada). La conscience de soi, la détresse, les symptômes dépressifs, l’anxiété, le soutien social et le bien-être des étudiants ont été mesurés avant l’intervention, à sept semaines et à trois mois. Des entrevues ont été réalisées auprès des pairs et des étudiants. Résultats : Au total, 26 pairs ont été formés par une équipe de deux professeures et un étudiant. Ces pairs ont offert par la suite l’intervention so RELAX à 54 étudiants. Il y a une légère diminution du stress, la détresse et l’anxiété des pairs et des étudiants à sept semaines, qui se maintient à trois mois. Autant des pairs que des étudiants perçoivent des bénéfices de l’intervention au niveau de leur bien-être. Discussion et conclusion : Il s’agit de la première étude qui démontre les effets de la combinaison de l’approche par les pairs et l’apprentissage de la relaxation sur la santé mentale en contexte universitaire. L’intervention so RELAX semble prometteuse pour améliorer la santé mentale et le bien-être des étudiants en sciences infirmières

Virtual intervention to support self-management of antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) necessitates long-term health care follow-up, particularly with respect to antiretroviral therapy (ART) management. Taking advantage of the enormous possibilities afforded by information and communication technologies (ICT), we developed a virtual nursing intervention (VIH-TAVIE) intended to empower HIV patients to manage their ART and their symptoms optimally. ICT interventions hold great promise across the entire continuum of HIV patient care but further research is needed to properly evaluate their effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness of two types of follow-up--traditional and virtual--in terms of promoting ART adherence among HIV patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental study was conducted. Participants were 179 HIV patients on ART for at least 6 months, of which 99 were recruited at a site offering virtual follow-up and 80 at another site offering only traditional follow-up. The primary outcome was medication adherence and the secondary outcomes were the following cognitive and affective variables: self-efficacy, attitude toward medication intake, symptom-related discomfort, stress, and social support. These were evaluated by self-administered questionnaire at baseline (T0), and 3 (T3) and 6 months (T6) later. RESULTS: On average, participants had been living with HIV for 14 years and had been on ART for 11 years. The groups were highly heterogeneous, differing on a number of sociodemographic dimensions: education, income, marital status, employment status, and living arrangements. Adherence at baseline was high, reaching 80% (59/74) in the traditional follow-up group and 84% (81/97) in the virtual follow-up group. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis was run, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics at baseline. A time effect was detected indicating that both groups improved in adherence over time but did not differ in this regard. Improvement at 6 months was significantly greater than at 3 months in both groups. Analysis of variance revealed no significant group-by-time interaction effect on any of the secondary outcomes. A time effect was observed for the two kinds of follow-ups; both groups improved on symptom-related discomfort and social support. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that both interventions improved adherence to ART. Thus, the two kinds of follow-up can be used to promote treatment adherence among HIV patients on ART

Orientaciones disciplinarias y enfoques metodológicos en la Investigación Educativa de la UAEM

Publicación derivada del primer congreso internacional de investigación educativa organizado por la red de cuerpos académicos en investigación educativa adscrito en la facultad de geografía de la UAEM.A tres años de su creación la REDCAIE de la UAEM, celebra organizando el Primer Congreso Internacional de Investigación Educativa (CIIE), haciendo participe a sus más de 100 integrantes para colaborar con las experiencias en la indagación del proceso educativo desde las diferentes orientaciones disciplinares y los enfoques metodológicos. Derivado del CIIE, se integra el presente libro electrónico con 27 capítulos integrados en seis apartados que nos presentan de forma particular la investigación educativa en; las ciencias naturales y exactas, las ciencias de la salud, en las tecnologías en la información y comunicación, en el Nivel Medio Superior, Formación y Práctica Docente, así como un anexo sobre las experiencias en la asesoría de tesis sobre investigación educativa. De esta forma, el presente documento, da cuenta de un primer acercamiento al objeto de estudio de los procesos académicos y las prácticas institucionales de la REDACIE de la UAEM, atendiendo su misión de generar trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinario, interinstitucional e intercultural como una vía para aportar conocimiento significativo y relevante para profesionalizar la docencia universitaria y orientar la repercusión favorable de sus resultados en el aprendizaje y enseñanza de las ciencias.Facultad de Geografía, RedCA, DECYD, IESU

Economic impact of inflammatory bowel disease in Catalonia: a population-based analysis

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a major economic impact on healthcare costs.Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current healthcare expenditure associated with IBD in a population-wide study in Catalonia.Design: Retrospective observational study.Methods: All patients with IBD included in the Catalan Health Surveillance System (CHSS) were considered eligible. The CHSS compiles data on more than 7 million individuals in 2020 (34,823 with IBD). Data on the use of healthcare resources and its economic impact were extracted applying the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, Clinical Modification codes (ICD-10-CM codes). Health expenditure, comorbidities, and hospitalization were calculated according to the standard costs of each service provided by the Department of Health of the Catalan government. The data on the IBD population were compared with non-IBD population adjusted for age, sex, and income level. IBD costs were recorded separately for Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).Results: Prevalence of comorbidities was higher in patients with IBD than in those without. The risk of hospitalization was twice as high in the IBD population. The overall healthcare expenditure on IBD patients amounted to 164Meuro. The pharmacy cost represents the 60%. The average annual per capita expenditure on IBD patients was more than 3.4-fold higher (IBD 4200euro, non-IBD 1200euro). Average costs of UC were 3400euro and 5700euro for CD.Conclusion: The risk of comorbidities was twice as high in patients with IBD and their use of healthcare resources was also higher than that of their non-IBD counterparts. Per capita healthcare expenditure was approximately 3.4 times higher in the population with IBD.Trial registration: The study was not previously registered. Economic impact of inflammatory bowel disease in CataloniaThe manuscript includes data of the most recent epidemiologic data about the high economic impact of IBD in Catalonia

Cancer stem cells from human glioblastoma resemble but do not mimic original tumors after in vitro passaging in serum-free media

Human gliomas harbour cancer stem cells (CSCs) that evolve along the course of the disease, forming highly heterogeneous subpopulations within the tumour mass. These cells possess self-renewal properties and appear to contribute to tumour initiation, metastasis and resistance to therapy. CSC cultures isolated from surgical samples are considered the best preclinical in vitro model for primary human gliomas. However, it is not yet well characterized to which extent their biological and functional properties change during in vitro passaging in the serum-free culture conditions. Here, we demonstrate that our CSC-enriched cultures harboured from one to several CSC clones from the human glioma sample. When xenotransplanted into mouse brain, these cells generated tumours that reproduced at least three different dissemination patterns found in original tumours. Along the passages in culture, CSCs displayed increased expression of stem cell markers, different ratios of chromosomal instability events, and a varied response to drug treatment. Our findings highlight the need for better characterization of CSC-enriched cultures in the context of their evolution in vitro, in order to uncover their full potential as preclinical models in the studies aimed at identifying molecular biomarkers and developing new therapeutic approaches of human gliomas.Peer reviewe

Memoria del segundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de México y América Latina

La presente obra reúne 20 ponencias de las 27 que se presentaron en el “Segundo simposium sobre historia, sociedad y cultura de México y América Latina”, realizado el 8 y 9 de noviembre de 2006, en el Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (CICSyH) de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM), en Toluca, Estado de México

Development of a nursing intervention to facilitate optimal antiretroviral-treatment taking among people living with HIV

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Failure by a large portion of PLHIV to take optimally ARV treatment can have serious repercussions on their health. The absence of a systematic treatment-taking promotion program in Quebec prompted stakeholders to develop jointly a theory- and evidence-based nursing intervention to this end. This article describes the results of a collective effort by researchers, clinicians and PLHIV to share their knowledge and create an appropriate intervention.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Intervention mapping was used as the framework for developing the intervention. First, the target population and environmental conditions were analyzed and a literature review conducted to identify predictors of optimal treatment taking. The predictors to emerge were self-efficacy and attitudes. Performance objectives were subsequently defined and crossed-referenced with the predictors to develop a matrix of change objectives. Then, theories of self-efficacy and persuasion (the predictors to emerge from step 1), together with practical strategies derived from these theories, were used to design the intervention. Finally, the sequence and content of the intervention activities were defined and organized, and the documentary material designed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The intervention involves an intensive, personalized follow-up over four direct-contact sessions, each lasting 45–75 minutes. Individuals are engaged in a learning process that leads to the development of skills to motivate themselves to follow the therapeutic plan properly, to overcome situations that make taking the antiretroviral medication difficult, to cope with side-effects, to relate to people in their social circle, and to deal with health professionals.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The intervention was validated by various health professionals and pre-tested with four PLHIV. Preliminary results support the suitability and viability of the intervention. A randomized trial is currently underway to verify the effectiveness of the intervention in promoting optimal antiretroviral treatment taking.</p

Haplotype analysis of the internationally distributed BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation reveals a common ancestral origin in Iberia

Background: TheBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation has been reported in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families from multiple Hispanic groups. We aimed to evaluateBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG haplotype diversity in cases of European, African, and Latin American ancestry. Methods: BC mutation carrier cases from Colombia (n = 32), Spain (n = 13), Portugal (n = 2), Chile (n = 10), Africa (n = 1), and Brazil (n = 2) were genotyped with the genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to evaluate haplotype diversity aroundBRCA1c.3331_3334delCAAG. Additional Portuguese (n = 13) and Brazilian (n = 18) BC mutation carriers were genotyped for 15 informative SNPs surroundingBRCA1. Data were phased using SHAPEIT2, and identical by descent regions were determined using BEAGLE and GERMLINE. DMLE+ was used to date the mutation in Colombia and Iberia. Results: The haplotype reconstruction revealed a shared 264.4-kb region among carriers from all six countries. The estimated mutation age was similar to 100 generations in Iberia and that it was introduced to South America early during the European colonization period. Conclusions: Our results suggest that this mutation originated in Iberia and later introduced to Colombia and South America at the time of Spanish colonization during the early 1500s. We also found that the Colombian mutation carriers had higher European ancestry, at the BRCA1 gene harboring chromosome 17, than controls, which further supported the European origin of the mutation. Understanding founder mutations in diverse populations has implications in implementing cost-effective, ancestry-informed screening

Mendelian Randomisation Confirms the Role of Y-Chromosome Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease Aetiopathogenesis in Men

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is a common ageing-related somatic event and has been previously associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, mLOY estimation from genotype microarray data only reflects the mLOY degree of subjects at the moment of DNA sampling. Therefore, mLOY phenotype associations with AD can be severely age-confounded in the context of genome-wide association studies. Here, we applied Mendelian randomisation to construct an age-independent mLOY polygenic risk score (mloy-PRS) using 114 autosomal variants. The mloy-PRS instrument was associated with an 80% increase in mLOY risk per standard deviation unit (p = 4.22 × 10−20) and was orthogonal with age. We found that a higher genetic risk for mLOY was associated with faster progression to AD in men with mild cognitive impairment (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, p = 0.01). Importantly, mloy-PRS had no effect on AD conversion or risk in the female group, suggesting that these associations are caused by the inherent loss of the Y chromosome. Additionally, the blood mLOY phenotype in men was associated with increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau181 in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Our results strongly suggest that mLOY is involved in AD pathogenesis.P.G.-G. (Pablo García-González) is supported by CIBERNED employment plan CNV-304-PRF-866. CIBERNED is integrated into ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). I.d.R is supported by a national grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III FI20/00215. A.C. (Amanda Cano) acknowledges the support of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities under the grant Juan de la Cierva (FJC2018-036012-I). M.B. (Mercé Boada) and A.R. (Agustín Ruiz) are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240, and PI19/01301. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundación bancaria “La Caixa”, Fundació ACE, and CIBERNED. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)—Subdirección General de Evaluación—and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER—“Una manera de hacer Europa”). Genotyping of the ACE MCI-EADB samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW project number 733051061). This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Program—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag