Роль релігійних цінностей у процесі формування права

У контексті з’ясування основних пріоритетів розвитку права розглядається проблема ролі релігійних цінностей як основи розвитку права. Показано взаємодію релігії і права в умовах мінливої динаміки демократизації українського суспільства, обгрунтовано пріоритетні моральні принципи для побудови фундаменту, на якому грунтується і завдяки якому розвивається право. Ключові слова: релігійні цінності, цінності права, мораль.В контексте определения основных приоритетов развития права рассматривается проблема роли религиозных ценностей как базиса развития права. Показано взаимодействие религии и права в условиях изменчивой динамики демократизации украинского общества, обоснованы приоритетные моральные принципы для строительства фундамента, на котором основывается и благодаря которому развивается право. Ключевые слова: религиозные ценности, ценности права, мораль.It is reviewed the issue of rule of religious values as a basis and grounds for law evolution in the context of definition of its main priorities. It is shown the correlation between the religion and the law in circumstances of possible dynamic of Ukrainian society democratization. It is обосновано the priority moral principles for developing pivot as a ground of law evolution. Key words: «religion values», «values of law», «moral»

«Національна згода» як об’єкт філософської рефлексії

У статті розглядається концепт «національної згоди» як певний різновид комунікації між владою та громадськістю. Виділяються основні типи соціальної згоди: «згода» як легітимізація влади з боку населення, «згода» як певний різновид ідентичності («національна згода»), «згода» як консенсус стосовно проведення тієї чи іншої політики.The author reviews a concept of «national consent» as a variety of communication between power and community. The basic types of social consent are determined: consent as legitimization of power on the part of society, consent as a definite variety of identity («national consent»), consent as a consensus in politics

Lewis acid-catalyzed depolymerization of soda lignin in supercritical ethanol/water mixtures

The depolymerization of lignin model compounds and soda lignin by super Lewis acidic metal triflates has been investigated in a mixture of ethanol and water at 400 °C. The strong Lewis acids convert representative model compounds for the structure-forming linkages in lignin, namely α-O-4, 5-O-4 (C-O-C ether bridge), and α-1 (methylene bridge). Only the 5-5′ C-C linkage in biphenyl was unaffected under the given reaction conditions. Full conversion of soda lignin was achieved without char formation. Lignin was converted into a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. Ethanol was involved in the alkylation of the lignin depolymerization products. These alkylation reactions increased the product yield by inhibiting repolymerization of the products. The resulting organic phase consisted of aliphatic hydrocarbons (paraffins and olefins), aromatic hydrocarbons (extensively alkylated non-oxygenated mono-aromatics, mainly alkylbenzenes as well as mono-aromatic oxygenates, mainly phenolics), condensation products (mainly naphthalenes) and saturated oxygenates (ketones and carboxylic acids). Although complete product analysis was not possible, the data suggest that the dominant fraction of lignin was converted into monomeric units with a small fraction with molecular weights up to 650 g/mol

An unprecedented phosphinine with significant P(π)-donor properties

A hitherto unprecedented electronic situation has been observed for a substituted, pyridyl-functionalized phosphinine. In contrast to previous studies, this compound shows considerable π-donor properties as the result of the rather strong +M effect of the CH3S-substituent, changing the electronic properties of this low-coordinate and aromatic phosphorus heterocycle substantially

Tracking Local Mechanical Impact in Heterogeneous Polymers with Direct Optical Imaging

Structural heterogeneity defines the properties of many functional polymers and it is often crucial for their performance and ability to withstand mechanical impact. Such heterogeneity, however, poses a tremendous challenge for characterization of these materials and limits our ability to design them rationally. Herein we present a practical methodology capable of resolving the complex mechanical behavior and tracking mechanical impact in discrete phases of segmented polyurethane—a typical example of a structurally complex polymer. Using direct optical imaging of photoluminescence produced by a small‐molecule organometallic mechano‐responsive sensor we observe in real time how polymer phases dissipate energy, restructure, and breakdown upon mechanical impact. Owing to its simplicity and robustness, this method has potential in describing the evolution of complex soft‐matter systems for which global characterization techniques fall short of providing molecular‐level insight

Supported nickel-rhenium catalysts for selective hydrogenation of methyl esters to alcohols

The addition of Re to Ni on TiO2 yields efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of acids and esters to alcohols under mild conditions. Rhenium promotes the formation of atomically dispersed and sub-nanometre-sized bimetallic species interacting strongly with the oxide support

Tracking Local Mechanical Impact in Heterogeneous Polymers with Direct Optical Imaging

Structural heterogeneity defines the properties of many functional polymers and it is often crucial for their performance and ability to withstand mechanical impact. Such heterogeneity, however, poses a tremendous challenge for characterization of these materials and limits our ability to design them rationally. Herein we present a practical methodology capable of resolving the complex mechanical behavior and tracking mechanical impact in discrete phases of segmented polyurethane—a typical example of a structurally complex polymer. Using direct optical imaging of photoluminescence produced by a small‐molecule organometallic mechano‐responsive sensor we observe in real time how polymer phases dissipate energy, restructure, and breakdown upon mechanical impact. Owing to its simplicity and robustness, this method has potential in describing the evolution of complex soft‐matter systems for which global characterization techniques fall short of providing molecular‐level insight