Interpersonal and attitudinal factors in women's work role: Cross-cultural comparison

The last four decades have seen a dramatic increase in the number of women entering employment. This is particularly true in Europe and although more European women are working outside the home, the patterns of female employment have changed very little. An analysis of these patterns is presented. It was found that women continue to dominate specific fields, particularly teaching and service providing. An investigation of the interpersonal behavior differences among 117 American women from the southeastern United States in three work roles--homemakers, women in traditional occupations, and in nontraditional occupations--was conducted and the sex-role orientation, attitudes toward success, and demographic indicators were examined in order to consider the interplay of these variables with female occupational role and interpersonal behavior. A second focus of the study is on the cross-cultural comparison of the psychological and work variables in women of two different cultures: America and Portugal. Thirty-one Portuguese women were a preliminary comparison sample. The American results showed significant differences between groups in self-perceived interpersonal behaviors and the findings contradicted current stereotypes. The cross-cultural data, although preliminary, indicates differences between the countries in social desirability, aggressive and assertive behaviors, and in sex-role attitudes, which seem to reflect the different stages of economic development. (MKA

Implementação da Inclusão na Região Autónoma da Madeira à luz doDecreto-Lei nº 54/2018 de 6 de julho, alterado pela Lei nº 116/2019, de 13de setembro – Perceção dos Professores

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Entorno de aprendizaje emergente: la Escuela Ponte

This article aims to question the pedagogical modes of action within the contexts, from a perspective of rupture with the institutionalized model of teaching-learning. It is important to take a close look at critical constructivism, exposing its relationship with emerging learning environments and with pedagogical innovation. We proceed to the presentation of the learning environment present at Escola da Ponte, looking at it as an emergent learning environment in the light of critical constructivism. We conclude that the Fazer a Ponte project is a new pedagogy, which presents itself as disruptive in relation to traditional practices associated with the factory school model, which fosters the development of student skills, namely the capacity for reflection and evaluation, critical thinking and problem solving.Pretende-se no presente artigo questionar os modos de agir pedagógicos dentro dos contextos, numa perspetiva de rutura com o modelo institucionalizado de ensino-aprendizagem. Importa debruçar um olhar atento sobre o construtivismo crítico, expondo a sua relação com os ambientes de aprendizagem emergentes e com a inovação pedagógica. Procedemos à apresentação do ambiente de aprendizagem presente na Escola da Ponte, olhando-o como ambiente de aprendizagem emergente à luz do construtivismo crítico. Concluímos que, o projeto Fazer a Ponte, é uma pedagogia nova, que se apresenta como disruptiva relativamente às práticas tradicionais associadas ao modelo de escola fabril, que fomenta o desenvolvimento de competências no aluno, nomeadamente a capacidade de reflexão e avaliação, pensamento crítico e capacidade de resolução de problemas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric Evidence of the Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS) in Brazil

Perfectionism can be understood as a personality trait that establishes excessively high standards for the performance of individuals and ostensibly critical self-evaluations. It is associated with a range of variables, such as anxiety, suicidal tendencies, depression, and low satisfaction with life. The Short Almost Perfect Scale (SAPS) overcame some limitations of previous measures (e.g., ambiguity, nonnecessary factors). In the present research, we provide psychometric evidence of the adequacy of the SAPS in Brazil. The original two-factor structure was replicated. The items showed good discrimination, level of difficulty, and informativeness for the overall measure. The SAPS also presented acceptable reliability levels, full measurement invariance across participants’ gender, and partial invariance across countries (Brazil and the United States). Finally, perfectionism was meaningfully associated with personality traits and human values. In sum, our findings suggest that the SAPS is psychometrically adequate for further use in Brazil

Mercury levels in Southern Ocean squid : variability over the last decade

Authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for the Science and Technology (FCT) through a PhD grant to José Seco (SRFH/PD/BD/113487). Acknowledgments are due also to the Integrated Program of SR&TD ‘Smart Valorization of Endogenous Marine Biological Resources Under a Changing Climate’ (reference Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000018), co-funded by Centro (2020) program, Portugal 2020, European Union, through the European Regional Development Fund, for personal funding to J.P.Coelho. The IUF (Institut Universitaire de France) is acknowledged for its support to P. Bustamante as a Senior Member. This research was also within José Xavier strategic program of MARE (MARE - UID/MAR/04292/2013). GAT, GS and SF were supported by the Ecosystems programme at the British Antarctic Survey.The concentrations of total and proportions of organic mercury were measured in tissues of 355 individuals of 8 species of Southern Ocean squid (Alluroteuthis antarcticus, Bathyteuthis abyssicola, Filippovia knipovitchi, Galiteuthis glacialis, Gonatus antarcticus, Kondakovia longimana, Psychroteuthis glacialis and Slosarczykovia circumantarctica). Squid were caught around South Georgia (Scotia Sea) during 5 cruises, between the austral summers of 2006/07 to 2016/17 to evaluate temporal changes in bioaccumulation and tissue partitioning. Total mercury concentrations varied between 4 ng g−1 and 804 ng g−1 among all tissues. Net accumulation of mercury in muscle with size was observed in A. antarcticus, B. abyssicola and P. glacialis, but no relationship was found for S. circumantarctica and lower concentrations were observed in larger individuals of G. glacialis. Muscle tissues had the highest mercury concentrations in the majority of species, except for F. knipovitchi for which the digestive gland contained highest concentrations. In terms of the percentage of organic mercury in the tissues, muscle always contained the highest values (67%–97%), followed by the digestive gland (22%–38%). Lowest organic mercury percentages were found consistently in the gills (9%–19%), suggesting only low levels of incorporation through the dissolved pathway and/or a limited redistribution of dietary organic mercury towards this tissue. Overall, results are indicative of a decreasing trend of mercury concentrations in the majority of analysed species over the last decade. As cephalopods are an important Southern Ocean trophic link between primary consumers and top predators, these changes suggest decreasing mercury levels in lower trophic levels and an alleviation of the mercury burden on higher predators that consume squid.PostprintPeer reviewe

PLGA nanoparticles as a platform for vitamin D-based cancer therapy

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were studied as drug delivery vehicles for calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D-3. In vitro effects of calcitriol encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles were evaluated with respect to free calcitriol on human pancreatic cell lines, S2-013 and hTERT-HPNE, and the lung cancer cell line A549. Encapsulated calcitriol retained its biological activity, reducing the cell growth. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that encapsulation of calcitriol enhanced its inhibitory effect on cell growth at a concentration of 2.4 mu M for the S2-013 cells (91%) and for A549 cells (70%) comparared to the free calcitriol results. At this concentration the inhibitory effect on nontumor cells (hTERT-HPNE) decreased to 65%. This study highlights the ability of PLGA nanoparticles to deliver vitamin D-3 into cancer cells, with major effects regarding cancer cell cycle arrest and major changes in the cell morphological features

NOVAS DESCOBERTAS SOBRE A DIETA LOW CARB

Resumo: A dieta Low Carb ganhou popularidade no cenário mundial nos últimos anos por apresentar uma perda de peso rápida, em função da restrição da ingesta de carboidratos em favor do aumento da ingestão de proteína ou gordura, ou ambos. No entanto, apesar de na prática, ela ser capaz de induzir perda de peso a curto prazo, os dados são incompletos e conflitantes no que diz respeito aos resultados na saúde do paciente e seus efeitos ao longo dos anos. Dada a necessidade de mais evidências para ajudar a orientar a população à respeito dos benefícios ou malefícios de uma dieta que está, atualmente, na moda, é importante investigar a associação da ingestão de carboidratos com mortalidade e tempo de vida residual, bem como os efeitos potenciais de fontes de proteína e gordura, inseridas em dietas baseadas em animais e vegetais. Nesse sentido, descobre-se que os padrões dietéticos com redução de carboidratos podem ser associados a maior mortalidade ou não, dependendo da fonte em que a gordura e a proteínas provêm, fator esse que está associado não só ao nível socioeconômico de uma população, bem como às influências culturais e ao conhecimento. Portanto, considerando que não há nenhuma recomendação estabelecida para dietas com baixa ingestão de carboidratos, este trabalho tem como objetivo frisar que a dieta balanceada convencional parece continuar sendo a forma mais segura de tratamento dietético, enquanto mais estudos com maiores tempos de duração não forem realizados para demonstrar efeitos da dieta low carb a longo prazo. Palavras-chave: Dieta Low-Carb; Mortalidade; Proteínas; Gorduras; Dietéticos

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FOOD CONSUMPTION AS PREDICTOR OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE INCREASE IN TEENAGERS

Introduction: the eating habits of young people have changed significantly over the last few decades. Teenagers tend to have less than desirable intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy products and wholegrain products, and higher intake of foods high in saturated and trans fats, leading to increased waist circumference and consequent increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objective: to analyse the relationship between dietary intake as predictor of and increased abdominal circumference in teenagers. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 818 teenagers aged between 10 and 14 years, of both genders, enrolled in state public schools in the metropolitan region of Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil, from August 2012 to October 2013. Waist circumference (WC) measurements were carried out in duplicate and the arithmetic mean was calculated. The dietary intake was identified from a simplified food questionnaire containing foods whose consumption is high or that present excessive risk of coronary heart disease in teenagers. The statistical analysis was done through Pearson’s chi-squared test. Results: a proportion of 55.9% of the sample had an adequate food intake, 15.6% a high intake and 28.5% an excessive intake. Among teenagers who had an adequate, high and excessive dietary intake, 5.6% (N = 46), 1.1% (N = 9) and 2.6% (N = 21) had increased WC, respectively. The result of the chi-squared test indicated no association between dietary intake as predictor of cardiovascular risk and WC, p-value = 0.576. Conclusion: there was no association between dietary intake presenting cardiovascular risk and increased waist circumference

In-depth genome characterization of a Brazilian common bean core collection using DArTseq high-density SNP genotyping

Background: Common bean is a legume of social and nutritional importance as a food crop, cultivated worldwide especially in developing countries, accounting for an important source of income for small farmers. The availability of the complete sequences of the two common bean genomes has dramatically accelerated and has enabled new experimental strategies to be applied for genetic research. DArTseq has been widely used as a method of SNP genotyping allowing comprehensive genome coverage with genetic applications in common bean breeding programs. Results: Using this technology, 6286 SNPs (1 SNP/86.5 Kbp) were genotyped in genic (43.3%) and non-genic regions (56. 7%). Genetic subdivision associated to the common bean gene pools (K = 2) and related to grain types (K = 3 and K = 5) were reported. A total of 83% and 91% of all SNPs were polymorphic within the Andean and Mesoamerican gene pools, respectively, and 26% were able to differentiate the gene pools. Genetic diversity analysis revealed an average HE of 0.442 for the whole collection, 0.102 for Andean and 0.168 for Mesoamerican gene pools (FST = 0.747 between gene pools), 0. 440 for the group of cultivars and lines, and 0.448 for the group of landrace accessions (FST = 0.002 between cultivar/line and landrace groups). The SNP effects were predicted with predominance of impact on non-coding regions (77.8%). SNPs under selection were identified within gene pools comparing landrace and cultivar/line germplasm groups (Andean: 18; Mesoamerican: 69) and between the gene pools (59 SNPs), predominantly on chromosomes 1 and 9. The LD extension estimate corrected for population structure and relatedness (r2 SV) was~88 kbp, while for the Andean gene pool was~395 kbp, and for the Mesoamerican was ~ 130 kbp. Conclusions: For common bean, DArTseq provides an efficient and cost-effective strategy of generating SNPs for large-scale genome-wide studies. The DArTseq resulted in an operational panel of 560 polymorphic SNPs in linkage equilibrium, providing high genome coverage. This SNP set could be used in genotyping platforms with many applications, such as population genetics, phylogeny relation between common bean varieties and support to molecular breeding approaches

Modelagem matemática e tecnologias digitais educacionais: possibilidades e aproximações por meio de uma revisão sistemática de literatura

Este artigo apresenta um mapeamento sobre a Modelagem Matemática e Tecnologias Digitais em Teses e Dissertações resultantes de programas de Pós-Graduação, com notas 5, 6 e 7, conceituados pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Pessoal de Nível Superior, de janeiro de 2010 a maio de 2016, em consultas aos sites dos programas. A fim de responder a questão de pesquisa: Quais são as Tecnologias Digitais Educacionais utilizadas no desenvolvimento de atividades de Modelagem Matemática nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem de Matemática? os encaminhamentos metodológicos seguiram os pressupostos de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura por meio de dois momentos. Inicialmente foram selecionadas as produções referentes Modelagem Matemática na Educação Matemática e posteriormente uma síntese foi elaborada em relação ao uso de tecnologias digitais educacionais nas produções pesquisadas. Os resultados apontam para diferentes usos da Internet e de softwares educacionais em atividades de Modelagem Matemática