(Un-)Sicherheitsgefühle und subjektive Sicherheit im urbanen Raum

(UN-)SICHERHEITSGEFÜHLE UND SUBJEKTIVE SICHERHEIT IM URBANEN RAUM Berliner Forum Gewaltprävention (Rights reserved) (-) Issue73 Gewaltprävention in der Schule (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue72 Rechte Gewalt und Prävention (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue71 Gesamtkonzept "Berlin gegen Gewalt" (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue70,2 (Un-)Sicherheitsgefühle und subjektive Sicherheit im urbanen Raum (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue70,1 Kiezorientierte Gewalt- und Kriminalitätsprävention in Berlin (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue69 Interdisziplinäre Beiträge zu Radikalisierung (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue67,5 Jugendgewalt in Marzahn-Nord (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue67,4 Professioneller Umgang mit Opfern von Straftaten als polizeiliche Kernkompetenz (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue67,1 "Auf die Plätze!" - kiezorientierte Gewaltprävention im Sozialraum (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue65 Handreichung für Lehrkräfte: Reduktion von feindseligen Zuschreibungen in sozialen Situationen (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue63 Berliner Landesprogramm Radikalisierungsprävention (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue61 Die Praxis der Prävention (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue60 Gemeinsam gegen Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue59 Berliner Landesprogramm Radikalisierungsprävention (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue57 Prävention auf dem Prüfstand (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue55 Lösungsfokussierte Paarberatung bei häuslicher Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue54 Gewalterfahrung und Lebenslage (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue52 Antisemitismus als Problem und Symbol (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue52 Antisemitismus als Problem und Symbol (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue51 Handreichung Selbstevaluation (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue50 Das Rechtskundepaket (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue49 Dokumentation des Berlin-Brandenburger "Fachtages gegen Rechtsextremismus/Kommunale Netzwerke, Beratung, Bildung und Aufklärung" (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue48 Schöne neue Welt - total vernetzt! Fluch oder Segen? (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue47 Die Praxis von Vorurteils- und Gewaltprävention in zwei Berliner Quartieren (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue46 Brücken bauen - Respekt fördern - Vielfalt gestalten (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue45 Jugendliche als Opfer und Täter von Gewalt in Berlin (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue44 Haftverläufe und Ausblicke auf die Legalbewährung junger Mehrfachtäter [Intensivtäter in Berlin ; 3] (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue43 Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung von Modellprojekten der Landeskommission Berlin gegen Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue42 Analyse der Gewalt am 1. Mai 2009 in Berlin (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue41 Evaluation und Qualitätsentwicklung in der Gewalt- und Kriminalitätsprävention (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue40 Schnittstellenanalyse zum Themenkomplex Sexuelle Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue39 Was tun gegen Rechte Gewalt? (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue38 Jugendgewalt: Was leisten Trainings, Kurse und Seminare? (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue37 Intoleranz betäubt die Sinne (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue36 Kinder- und Jugenddelinquenz (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue35 Dokumentation des 8. Berliner Präventionstages (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue34 Schlagwort Integration (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue33 Ergebnisse der Befragung von "Intensivtätern" sowie der Auswertung ihrer Schulakten [Intensivtäter in Berlin ; 2] (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue32 Männliche Sozialisation und Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue31 Das ist mir fremd. Das war mir fremd. Das kenne ich. (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue30 Berliner Projekte gegen Rechtsextremismus (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue29 Dokumentation des 7. Berliner Präventionstages: Psychische Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue28 Gewalt von Jungen, männlichen Jugendlichen und jungen Männern mit Migrationshintergrund in Berlin (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue27 Das jugendliche Opfer (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue26 Ergebnisse der Analyse von "Intensivtäterakten" der Staatsanwaltschaft Berlin [Intensivtäter in Berlin ; 1] (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue25 Häusliche Gewalt gegen Migrantinnen (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue24 Dokumentation des 6. Berliner Präventionstages (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue23 Plakatwettbewerb der Landeskommission Berlin gegen Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue22 Themenschwerpunkt: Soziales Lernen in der Schule (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue21 Dokumentation des 5. Berliner Präventionstages am 3.11.2004 (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue20 Themenschwerpunkt: Rechtsextremismus, Fremdenfeindlichkeit und Antisemitismus (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue1999,1 (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue19 Themenschwerpunkt: Elternkurse (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue18 Rechtsextremismus, Fremdenfeindlichkeit, Antisemitismus (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue17 Jugenddelinquenz (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue16 Dokumentation des 4. Berliner Präventionstages am 13.11. 2003 (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue15 Landeskommission Berlin gegen Gewalt (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue14 Themenschwerpunkt: Schuldistanz (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue13 Rechtsextremismus und Gewalt im Jugendalter (Rights reserved) ( - ) Issue70,3 Der Görlitzer Park im Bezirk Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (Rights reserved) ( -

Distanzierungsverläufe vom salafistischen Extremismus: eine empirische Studie über die Vielfalt individueller Wege der Loslösung vom Salafismus

Was sind Auslöser und Bedingungen, die Personen dazu veranlassen, sich vom Salafismus lösen zu wollen? Wie unterscheiden sich die Wege der Distanzierung? Was kann Beratung bewirken? Die Ergebnisse der Verbundstudie "Praxisorientierte Analyse von Deradikalisierungsverläufen" ("PrADera") geben Aufschluss. Ein Team von Wissenschaftlern und Wissenschaftlerinnen des Zentrums Technik und Gesellschaft der Technischen Universität Berlin, des Kompetenzzentrums für Deradikalisierung des Bayerischen Landeskriminalamts und des Forschungszentrums des Bundesamts für Migration und Flüchtlinge hat die Studie "PrADera" gemeinsam durchgeführt. Das Projekt wurde aus den Mitteln des Nationalen Präventionsprogramms gegen islamistischen Extremismus (NPP) vom Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat gefördert. Für das Projekt wurden Interviews mit 16 ehemaligen Szenemitgliedern geführt und wissenschaftlich ausgewertet. Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens war es, ein verbessertes Verständnis von Distanzierungsverläufen zu erhalten sowie verbesserte Ansätze für die Gestaltung differenzierter, zielgruppenspezifischer Interventionsmaßnahmen zu entwickeln. Zu diesem Zweck orientiert sich die Studie an vier zentralen Forschungsfragen: Welche Entwicklungsverläufe lassen sich mit Blick auf die Phasen Hinwendung, Verbleib und Abwendung beobachten? Welche Wirkfaktoren und -mechanismen es gibt, die Distanzierungsverläufe begünstigen oder auch erschweren? Welche Rolle spielen dabei Interventionen von Sicherheitsbehörden und/oder Träger der Distanzierungsarbeit spielen? Wie lassen sich Distanzierungsverläufe mit Blick auf im Einzelfall zum Tragen kommende Wirkfaktoren und -mechanismen typisieren? Aus der fallvergleichenden Analyse wurde eine Typologie von Distanzierungsverläufen erarbeitet, die insbesondere darauf eingeht, welche Erlebnisse und situativen Umstände den Ausgangspunkt eines Distanzierungsprozesses bildeten. Aus den Ergebnissen wurden drei unterschiedliche Verlaufstypen abgeleitet: Erstens, der Typ "Autonomer Wandel", der sich durch einen kurzfristig einsetzenden, eigenständigen biografischen Wandel auszeichnet. Diesen Personen gelingt es, selbstständig alternative Lebenspläne zu entwerfen und eigenständig umzusetzen. Zweitens, der Typ "Blockierter Wandel". Für Personen dieses Typs sind alternative Lebenspläne kognitiv verfügbar, die Umsetzung ist im weiteren Verlauf aber blockiert, beispielsweise aufgrund mangelnder Unterstützung außerhalb der Szene. Und drittens, der Typ "Unterstützter Wandel". Hier ist das Individuum nicht dazu in der Lage, selbstständig einen alternativen Handlungsentwurf zu entwickeln. Erst durch professionelle Unterstützung durch ein Beratungsangebot oder aber die Integration in eine neue Subkultur gelingt es dem Individuum langfristig, neue Handlungspotenziale auszubilden und einen biografischen Wandel zu beginnen

A Cross-Evaluated Database of Measured and Simulated HRTFs Including 3D Head Meshes, Anthropometric Features, and Headphone Impulse Responses

The individualization of head related transfer functions (HRTFs) can make an important contribution to improving the quality of binaural technology applications. One approach to individualization is to exploit the relationship between the shape of HRTFs and the anthropometric features of the ears, head, and torso of the corresponding listeners. To identify statistically significant relationships between the two sets of variables, a relatively large database is required. For this purpose full-spherical HRTFs of 96 subjects were acoustically measured and numerically simulated. A detailed cross-evaluation showed a good agreement to previous data between repeated measurements and between measured and simulated data. In addition to 96 HRTFs, the database includes high-resolution head-meshes, a list of 25 anthropometric features per subject, and headphone transfer functions for two headphone models

A tailored approach in lymph node-positive perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Purpose Extended right hepatectomy is associated with wide surgical margins in PHC and often favored for oncological considerations. However, it remains uncertain whether established surgical principles also apply to the subgroup of node-positive patients. The aim of the present study was to define a tailored surgical approach for patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) and lymph node metastases. Methods We reviewed the course of all consecutive patients undergoing major hepatectomy for PHC between 2005 and 2015 at the Department of Surgery, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin. Results Two hundred and thirty-one patients underwent major hepatectomy for PHC with 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of 72%, 48%, and 36%, and 60%, 22%, and 12%, respectively. In lymph node-positive patients (n = 109, 47%), extended left hepatectomy was associated with improved OS and DFS, respectively, when compared to extended right hepatectomy (p = 0.008 and p = 0.003). Interestingly, OS and DFS did not differ between R0 and R1 resections in those patients (both p = ns). Patients undergoing extended left hepatectomy were more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.022). This is of note as adjuvant chemotherapy, besides grading (p = 0.041), was the only independent prognostic factor in node-positive patients (p=0.002). Conclusion Patients with node-positive PHC might benefit from less aggressive approaches being associated with lower morbidity and a higher chance for adjuvant chemotherapy. Lymph node sampling might help to guide patients to the appropriate surgical approach according to their lymph node status

Perceptually Motivated Analysis of Numerically Simulated Head-Related Transfer Functions Generated By Various 3D Surface Scanning Systems

Numerical simulations offer a feasible alternative to the direct acoustic measurement of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). For the acquisition of high quality 3D surface scans, as required for these simulations, several approaches exist. In this paper, we systematically analyze the variations between different approaches and evaluate the influence of the accuracy of 3D scans on the resulting simulated HRTFs. To assess this effect, HRTFs were numerically simulated based on 3D scans of the head and pinna of the FABIAN dummy head generated with 6 different methods. These HRTFs were analyzed in terms of interaural time difference, interaural level difference, energetic error in auditory filters and by their modeled localization performance. From the results, it is found that a geometric precision of about 1 mm is needed to maintain accurate localization cues, while a precision of about 4 mm is sufficient to maintain the overall spectral shape

The HUTUBS head-related transfer function (HRTF) database

The database contains head-related transfer functions, 3D head meshes, anthropometric features, and headphone transfer functions of 96 subjects

Feasibility and Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy With Gemcitabine After Liver Transplantation for Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Controlled Trial (pro-duct001)

Background Liver transplantation (LT) is considered a therapeutic option for unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC) within defined criteria. It remains uncertain whether patients can safely receive adjuvant chemotherapy after LT. Methods We performed a prospective, multi-center, randomized, non-blinded two-arm trial (pro-duct001). Patients after LT for unresectable PHC within defined criteria were randomized to adjuvant gemcitabine (LT-Gem group) and LT alone (LT alone group). The primary objective was to investigate if adjuvant chemotherapy is feasible in ≥ 85% of patients after LT. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients completing the 24 weeks course of adjuvant chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and disease-free (DFS), and complication rates. Results Twelve patients underwent LT for PHC, of which six (50%) were eligible for randomization (LT-Gem: three patients, LT alone: three patients). Two out of three patients discontinued adjuvant chemotherapy after LT due to intolerance. The study was prematurely terminated due to slow enrollment. One patient with PHC had underlying primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Tumor-free margins could be achieved in all patients. In both the LT-Gem and the LT alone group, the cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and DFS rates were 100%, 100%, 67%, and 100%, 67% and 67%, respectively. Conclusions This prospective, multi-center study was prematurely terminated due to slow enrollment and a statement on the defined endpoints cannot be made. Nevertheless, long-term survival data are consistent with available retrospective data and confirm defined criteria for LT. Since more evidence of LT per se in unresectable PHC is urgently needed, a prospective, non-randomized follow-up study (pro-duct002) has since been launched

individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised trials study protocol

Introduction Parenteral anticoagulants may improve outcomes in patients with cancer by reducing risk of venous thromboembolic disease and through a direct antitumour effect. Study-level systematic reviews indicate a reduction in venous thromboembolism and provide moderate confidence that a small survival benefit exists. It remains unclear if any patient subgroups experience potential benefits. Methods and analysis First, we will perform a comprehensive systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library, hand search scientific conference abstracts and check clinical trials registries for randomised control trials of participants with solid cancers who are administered parenteral anticoagulants. We anticipate identifying at least 15 trials, exceeding 9000 participants. Second, we will perform an individual participant data meta-analysis to explore the magnitude of survival benefit and address whether subgroups of patients are more likely to benefit from parenteral anticoagulants. All analyses will follow the intention-to- treat principle. For our primary outcome, mortality, we will use multivariable hierarchical models with patient-level variables as fixed effects and a categorical trial variable as a random effect. We will adjust analysis for important prognostic characteristics. To investigate whether intervention effects vary by predefined subgroups of patients, we will test interaction terms in the statistical model. Furthermore, we will develop a risk-prediction model for venous thromboembolism, with a focus on control patients of randomised trials. Ethics and dissemination Aside from maintaining participant anonymity, there are no major ethical concerns. This will be the first individual participant data meta-analysis addressing heparin use among patients with cancer and will directly influence recommendations in clinical practice guidelines. Major cancer guideline development organisations will use eventual results to inform their guideline recommendations. Several knowledge users will disseminate results through presentations at clinical rounds as well as national and international conferences. We will prepare an evidence brief and facilitate dialogue to engage policymakers and stakeholders in acting on findings. Trial registration number PROSPERO CRD4201300352

Identifying Determinants of Cullin Binding Specificity Among the Three Functionally Different Drosophila melanogaster Roc Proteins via Domain Swapping

BACKGROUND: Cullin-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligases (CDL) are key regulators of protein destruction that participate in a wide range of cell biological processes. The Roc subunit of CDL contains an evolutionarily conserved RING domain that binds ubiquitin charged E2 and is essential for ubiquitylation. Drosophila melanogaster contains three highly related Roc proteins: Roc1a and Roc2, which are conserved in vertebrates, and Roc1b, which is specific to Drosophila. Our previous genetic data analyzing Roc1a and Roc1b mutants suggested that Roc proteins are functionally distinct, but the molecular basis for this distinction is not known. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using co-immunoprecipitation studies we show that Drosophila Roc proteins bind specific Cullins: Roc1a binds Cul1-4, Roc1b binds Cul3, and Roc2 binds Cul5. Through domain swapping experiments, we demonstrate that Cullin binding specificity is strongly influenced by the Roc NH(2)-terminal domain, which forms an inter-molecular beta sheet with the Cullin. Substitution of the Roc1a RING domain with that of Roc1b results in a protein with similar Cullin binding properties to Roc1a that is active as an E3 ligase but cannot complement Roc1a mutant lethality, indicating that the identity of the RING domain can be an important determinant of CDL function. In contrast, the converse chimeric protein with a substitution of the Roc1b RING domain with that of Roc1a can rescue the male sterility of Roc1b mutants, but only when expressed from the endogenous Roc1b promoter. We also identified mutations of Roc2 and Cul5 and show that they cause no overt developmental phenotype, consistent with our finding that Roc2 and Cul5 proteins are exclusive binding partners, which others have observed in human cells as well. CONCLUSIONS: The Drosophila Roc proteins are highly similar, but have diverged during evolution to bind a distinct set of Cullins and to utilize RING domains that have overlapping, but not identical, function in vivo

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016