Genomic history of Neolithic to Bronze Age Anatolia, Northern Levant, and Southern Caucasus

Here, we report genome-wide data analyses from 110 ancient Near Eastern individuals spanning the Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, a period characterized by intense interregional interactions for the Near East. We find that 6th millennium BCE populations of North/Central Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus shared mixed ancestry on a genetic cline that formed during the Neolithic between Western Anatolia and regions in today’s Southern Caucasus/Zagros. During the Late Chalcolithic and/or the Early Bronze Age, more than half of the Northern Levantine gene pool was replaced, while in the rest of Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus, we document genetic continuity with only transient gene flow. Additionally, we reveal a genetically distinct individual within the Late Bronze Age Northern Levant. Overall, our study uncovers multiple scales of population dynamics through time, from extensive admixture during the Neolithic period to long-distance mobility within the globalized societies of the Late Bronze Age. Video Abstrac

Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology : opportunities for new insights using genomics

Author Posting. © Elsevier B.V., 2007. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Elsevier B.V. for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics 2 (2007): 257-286, doi:10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001.A strong foundation of basic and applied research documents that the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and related species are unique laboratory and field models for understanding how individuals and populations interact with their environment. In this paper we summarize an extensive body of work examining the adaptive responses of Fundulus species to environmental conditions, and describe how this research has contributed importantly to our understanding of physiology, gene regulation, toxicology, and ecological and evolutionary genetics of teleosts and other vertebrates. These explorations have reached a critical juncture at which advancement is hindered by the lack of genomic resources for these species. We suggest that a more complete genomics toolbox for F. heteroclitus and related species will permit researchers to exploit the power of this model organism to rapidly advance our understanding of fundamental biological and pathological mechanisms among vertebrates, as well as ecological strategies and evolutionary processes common to all living organisms.This material is based on work supported by grants from the National Science Foundation DBI-0420504 (LJB), OCE 0308777 (DLC, RNW, BBR), BES-0553523 (AW), IBN 0236494 (BBR), IOB-0519579 (DHE), IOB-0543860 (DWT), FSML-0533189 (SC); National Institute of Health NIEHS P42-ES007381(GVC, MEH), P42-ES10356 (RTD), ES011588 (MFO); and NCRR P20 RR-016463 (DWT); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery (DLM, TDS, WSM) and Collaborative Research and Development Programs (DLM); NOAA/National Sea Grant NA86RG0052 (LJB), NA16RG2273 (SIK, MEH,GVC, JJS); Environmental Protection Agency U91620701 (WSB), R82902201(SC) and EPA’s Office of Research and Development (DEN)

Die Kura-Araxes-Kultur im supraregionalen Kontex: Gold and Wein. Georgien alteste Schatze. Exposition Archéologique. Francfort 6 octobre 2018 - 10 fevrier 2019

Catalog | OV (autre)Chapitre dans catalogue d'exposition. Dynamiques de formation de la culture Kuro-Araxe dans le sud du Caucase au 4éme millénaire et celles de son expansion en Anatolie, Levant et Iran au 3éme millénaire. Role du Pastoralisme specialisé dans cette expansion

At the North-Eastern Anatolian frontier: a project gallery

International audienceThe aim of this paper is to summarise the activities and results of the University of Melbourne’s Northeastern Anatolia project. The project was directed by Antonio Sagona, who worked in this location for almost 15 years. Field surveys in the region of Bayburt and the plain of Pasinler identified more than 150 sites, dating from the Chalcolithic to the Medieval periods, and enabled detection of diachronic transformations in settlement pat- terns and different territorial strategies in the region. The excavations at Büyüktepe Höyük and Sos Höyük revealed the long history of this region, where geographic, cultural, politi- cal and military frontiers overlapped and interacted for millennia. Phenomena of cultural hybridisation, resiliency and innovation emerged—from the earliest developments of the Kura-Araxes culture in the Chalcolithic period, through the appearance of new funerary practices and mobile societies in the Middle-Late Bronze Age, to the spheres of influence exerted by Urartians and Achaemenids during the Iron Age and the era of military expan- sion by the Roman empire

Push or Pull Factors? The Kura-Araxes Expansion from a Different Perspective: the Upper Euphrates Valley

International audienc

The expansion of the Kura-Araxes culture in Iran: what role for the Uruk?

The interpretation of the expansion of the Kura-Araxes culture has been traditionally linked to a set of migratory mechanisms that were generated in the core of Kura-Araxes cultural region. Little attention has been dedicated to the role of other processes that took place in the Kura-Araxes "periphery", and in particular to the development, in the fourth millennium, of centralised early-state polities in Iran and Anatolia that were linked to similar developments taking place in the greater Uruk Mesopotamia. This paper will present two case-studies to highlight the structural premises that may have favored the Kura-Araxes "expansion" in Iran and Anatolia: Godin Tepe and Arslantepe. Between the late-fourth and the early-third millennium, these two sites recorded a strikingly similar cultural sequence consisting of the construction of large, possibly public, buildings characterized by a Uruk-related material culture that were replaced by an occupation of flimsy wattle and daub huts featuring a Kura-Araxes related material-culture. A thorough comparison of the developments illustrated by these two case-studies can suggest a new explanatory model for the Kura-Araxes expansion in the regions formerly involved in the Uruk "world". According to this model, the specialized pastoral groups that were generated by the centralised economies of the early-sate polities of the Uruk period in Iran and Anatolia may have played a key role in the following expansion of the Kura-Araxes culture in these regions. L'interprétation de l'expansion de la culture Kuro-Araxe a été traditionnellement associée à des mécanismes migratoires générés dans son périmètre géographique. Jusqu'à présent, très peu d'attention a été dédiée au rôle que d'autres processus, qui se sont déroulés aux marges de la région Kuro-Araxe, pourraient avoir joué dans cette expansion, notamment, le développement en Iran et en Anatolie d'entités proto-étatiques centralisées datant de la seconde moitié du IV e millénaire en connexion directe avec les développements similaires de la Mésopotamie "Urukéenne". L'objectif de cet article est de présenter deux cas d'étude (Godin Tepe et Arslantepe) pour mettre en évidence les conditions "structurelles" qui auraient pu favoriser l'expansion "Kuro-Araxe" en Iran et en Anatolie. Entre la seconde moitié du IV e et le début du III e millénaire ces deux sites témoignent d'une séquence culturelle identique consistant en la construction de grands bâtiments de tradition urukéenne, qui furent remplacés par des occupations à architecture légère caractérisées par une culture matérielle de tradition Kuro-Araxe. La comparaison entre les développements de ces deux sites pourrait suggérer un nouveau modèle explicatif de l'expansion Kuro-Araxe dans les régions précédemment impliquées dans le "monde" Uruk. Selon ce modèle, les groupes de pasteurs spécialisés, générés en Iran et en Anatolie par les économies centralisées des entités proto-étatiques de la période Uruk, pourraient avoir joué un rôle clé dans l'expansion de la culture Kuro-Araxe qui a succédé dans ces mêmes régions

Die Kura-Araxes-Kultur im supraregionalen Kontex: Gold and Wein. Georgien alteste Schatze. Exposition Archéologique. Francfort 6 octobre 2018 - 10 fevrier 2019

Catalog | OV (autre)Chapitre dans catalogue d'exposition. Dynamiques de formation de la culture Kuro-Araxe dans le sud du Caucase au 4éme millénaire et celles de son expansion en Anatolie, Levant et Iran au 3éme millénaire. Role du Pastoralisme specialisé dans cette expansion

An Introduction to Yumuktepe Level XVI

International audienc

The Ceramic PRODUCTION OF yUYMUKTEPE Level XVI

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The expansion of the Kura‑Araxes culture in Iran: what role for the Uruk?

The interpretation of the expansion of the Kura‑Araxes culture has been traditionally linked to a set of migratory mechanisms that were generated in the core of Kura‑Araxes cultural region. Little attention has been dedicated to the role of other processes that took place in the Kura‑Araxes “periphery”, and in particular to the development, in the fourth millennium, of centralised early‑state polities in Iran and Anatolia that were linked to similar developments taking place in the greater Uruk Mesopotamia. This paper will present two case‑studies to highlight the structural premises that may have favored the Kura‑Araxes “expansion” in Iran and Anatolia: Godin Tepe and Arslantepe. Between the late‑fourth and the early‑third millennium, these two sites recorded a strikingly similar cultural sequence consisting of the construction of large, possibly public, buildings characterized by a Uruk‑related material culture that were replaced by an occupation of flimsy wattle and daub huts featuring a Kura‑Araxes related material-culture. A thorough comparison of the developments illustrated by these two case‑studies can suggest a new explanatory model for the Kura‑Araxes expansion in the regions formerly involved in the Uruk “world”. According to this model, the specialized pastoral groups that were generated by the centralised economies of the early‑sate polities of the Uruk period in Iran and Anatolia may have played a key role in the following expansion of the Kura‑Araxes culture in these regions.L’interprétation de l’expansion de la culture Kuro‑Araxe a été traditionnellement associée à des mécanismes migratoires générés dans son périmètre géographique. Jusqu’à présent, très peu d’attention a été dédiée au rôle que d’autres processus, qui se sont déroulés aux marges de la région Kuro‑Araxe, pourraient avoir joué dans cette expansion, notamment, le développement en Iran et en Anatolie d’entités proto-étatiques centralisées datant de la seconde moitié du IVe millénaire en connexion directe avec les développements similaires de la Mésopotamie “Urukéenne”. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter deux cas d’étude (Godin Tepe et Arslantepe) pour mettre en évidence les conditions “structurelles” qui auraient pu favoriser l’expansion “Kuro‑Araxe” en Iran et en Anatolie. Entre la seconde moitié du IVe et le début du IIIe millénaire ces deux sites témoignent d’une séquence culturelle identique consistant en la construction de grands bâtiments de tradition urukéenne, qui furent remplacés par des occupations à architecture légère caractérisées par une culture matérielle de tradition Kuro‑Araxe. La comparaison entre les développements de ces deux sites pourrait suggérer un nouveau modèle explicatif de l’expansion Kuro‑Araxe dans les régions précédemment impliquées dans le “monde” Uruk. Selon ce modèle, les groupes de pasteurs spécialisés, générés en Iran et en Anatolie par les économies centralisées des entités proto-étatiques de la période Uruk, pourraient avoir joué un rôle clé dans l’expansion de la culture Kuro‑Araxe qui a succédé dans ces mêmes régions.تفسیر گسترش فرهنگ کورا-ارس به طور سنتی به مجموعه ای از فرایند های مهاجرتی(کوچ نشینی) ارتباط دارد که در مرکز ناحیه فرهنگ کورا-ارس اتفاق افتاده است. در مقایسه با مرکز فرهنگ کورا-ارس، به نقش دیگر فرایندهای رخ داده در محیط پیرامونی کورا –ارس کمتر توجه شده است؛ به طور خاص، تحولات هزاره چهارم، سیاستهای تمرکز گرایی حکومت های اولیه در ایران و آناتولی در ارتباط با پیشرفت های مشابهی است که در بین النهرین در دوره اروک بزرگ اتفاق افتاده است. در این مقاله، برای روشن ساختن مقدمات ساختاری گسترش فرهنگ کورا-ارس در ایران و آناتولی، به مطالعه موردی دو محوطه گودین تپه و ارسلان تپه، اشاره شده است. حدود اواخر هزار چهارم و اوایل هزار سوم، در این دو محوطه توالی فرهنگی مشابهی دیده می شود که شامل ساخت بناهای بزرگ احتمالا با کاربری عمومی، با ویژگیها و مواد فرهنگی منتسب به اروک از آن گزارش شده است. این دوره، با یک دوره استقراری متشکل از کلبه های گلی و چپر با مواد و مصالح کم دوام، منتسب به مواد فرهنگی کورا-ارس جایگزین شده اند.مقایسه کامل از تحولات اتفاق افتاده در مطالعه موردی این دو محوطه، می تواند یک الگو تبیینی جدیدی را برای گسترش فرهنگ کورا-ارس در مناطقی که قبلا تحت سیطره جهان اوروک بوده پیشنهاد دهد. طبق این الگو، گروهای تخصصی شبانی(کوچرو) که از طریق سیاست اقتصادهای متمرکز حکومت های اولیه دوره اروک در ایران و اناتولی به وجود آمدند احتمالا یک نقش کلیدی به پیروی از توسعه فرهنگ کورا-ارس در این نواحی ایفا کرده اند