Sistem Pakar Berbasis Mobile Untuk Membantu Mendiagnosis Penyakit Akibat Gigitan Nyamuk

Di Kabupaten Sikka, nyamuk adalah sumber penularan penyakit malaria, demam berdarah, chikungunya dan kaki gajah. Pada tahun 2010 penyakit-penyakit tersebut menjadi populer dengan ditemukannya banyak kasus yang meliputi 19.763 kasus malaria, 861 kasus demam berdarah, 20 kasus chikungunya dan 5.252 kasus kaki gajah. Kurangnya sarana dan prasarana medis serta keadaan geografis yang buruk menjadi faktor penyebabnya. Kabupaten Sikka hanya memiliki 3 buah rumah sakit dan 57 orang dokter. Jumlah seperti ini tentunya tidak sebanding dengan jumlah penduduk saat itu sebesar 300.328 jiwa. Jauhnya tempat pelayanan kesehatan menyebabkan masyarakat harus mengeluarkan dana lebih untuk memeriksakan kesehatannya. Hal ini tentunya akan membebani sebagian masyarakat yang memiliki latar belakang perekonomian yang rendah. Berdasarkan masalah diatas, penulis mengembangkan sebuah sistem pakar berbasis mobile yang mampu membantu masyarakat untuk mendiagnosis penyakit-penyakit akibat gigitan nyamuk sehingga masyarakat dapat mengambil langkah cepat untuk menanggulangi penyakit tersebut. Untuk menangani masalah ketidakpastian data, sistem ini menggunakan Teorema Bayes. Sistem ini dapat membantu Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sikka untuk memonitoring perkembangan penyakit akibat gigitan nyamuk melalui media grafik. Berdasarkan hasil pengujuan pada 3 orang dokter dan 30 pasien penderita penyakit akibat gigitan nyamuk, 93,93% jawaban menunjukan setuju bahwa sistem ini dapat memberikan kontribusi kepada pasien atau dokter dalam hal mendiagnosis penyakit

Disentangling source of moisture driving glacier dynamics and identification of 8.2 ka event: evidence from pore water isotopes, Western Himalaya

Two atmospheric circulation patterns, the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) and mid-latitude Westerlies control precipitation and thus glacier variability in the Himalaya. However, the role of the ISM and westerlies in controlling climate and thus past glacier variability in the Himalaya is poorly understood because of the paucity of the ice core records. In this article, we present a new Holocene paleorecord disentangling the presence of the ISM and mid-latitude westerlies and their effect on glacier fluctuations during the Holocene. Our new record is based on high-resolution multi-proxy analyses (δ18Oporewater, deuterium-excess, grain size analysis, permeability, and environmental magnetism) of lake sediments retrieved from Chandratal Lake, Western Himalaya. Our study provides new evidence that improves the current understanding of the forcing factor behind glacier advances and retreat in the Western Himalaya and identifies the 8.2 ka cold event using the aforementioned proxies. The results indicate that the ISM dominated precipitation ~ 21% of the time, whereas the mid-latitude westerlies dominated precipitation ~ 79% of the time during the last 11 ka cal BP. This is the first study that portrays the moisture sources by using the above proxies from the Himalayan region as an alternative of ice core records.publishedVersio

Characterisation and effects of a xylanase enzyme preparation extracted from Thermomyces lanuginosus cultures

This paper describes the production of an enzyme preparation from the fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus. Thermal resistance, pH stability and lignocellulolytic activity of the enzyme preparation high in xylanase were studied on a variety of grains and forages. The enzyme preparation preserved more than 70% of its original xylanase activity for 4 and 1 h at 60 and 70 °C, respectively. The xylanase activity remained over 80% when the preparation was incubated for 30 min at pH 4.5. In vitro digestibility studies indicated that the enzyme digested 7.5, 8.5 and 8.0% of the dry matter (DM) of barley meal, wheat bran and oat meal samples, respectively. When applying 60-min incubation, 7.5, 7.3 and 8.4% of DM of the oat straw, alfalfa hay and triticale straw was digested, respectively. When the time of digestion was increased to 360 min, the sunflower hull showed 15.8% DM digestibility

EKSISTENSI PASAR TRADISIONAL BERSEHATI TERHADAP TATA RUANG KOTA MANADO

Pasar Bersehati merupakan pasar tradisional terbesar di Kota Manado. Berdasarkan RTRW Kota Manado, Pasar Bersehati termasuk dalam pusat pelayanan kota meliputi pusat perdagangan dan jasa. Lokasi pasar strategis yaitu berada di pusat Kota Manado. Masalah yang sering terjadi seperti kemacetan, aksesibilitas, pengelolaan manajemen, fasilitas sarana prasarana, kondisi kenyamanan dan keamanan di lokasi pasar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui eksistensi Pasar Tradisional Bersehati baik dari segi fisik maupun non fisik serta ingin mengetahui persepsi masyarakat berkaitan dengan eksistensi pasar tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-kuantitatif (mixed method) dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh bahwa eksistensi Pasar Bersehati dapat melayani masyarakat yang ada di Kota Manado, tetapi lebih cenderung untuk masyarakat yang berada di bagian wilayah tengah dan utara Kota Manado, selain itu juga sebagai pasar yang memfasilitasi masyarakat yang berada di Kecamatan Bunaken Kepulauan. Berdasarkan SNI, ruang yang memenuhi standar 41% sedangkan 59% tidak memenuhi standar. Dalam aspek kenyamanan dan keamanan berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat menunjukkan bahwa nilai kenyamanan dan keamanan pada pasar tersebut tergolong kurang seperti dari segi kebersihan, penandaan sirkulasi papan nama zonasi, dan penjagaan pada lokasi Pasar Bersehati.Kata Kunci: Eksistensi, Pasar Tradisional Bersehati, SN

Bosniak category III cysts are more likely to be malignant than we expected in the era of multidetector computed tomography technology

Background: Complex indeterminate Bosniak category III renal cystic masses are traditionally considered to be malignant in 50%. Our aim was to retrospectively evaluate the attenuation characteristics in multiphase computed tomography (CT) and to determinate the incidence of malignancy based on histological findings on all Bosniak category III renal cystic masses investigated in our department between April 3, 2007 and November 21, 2013. Materials and Methods: Quadriphasic multidetector CT images of nineteen patients (mean age: 56.5 +/- 16.5 years) with radiologically detected Bosniak category III lesions were reviewed retrospectively. All lesions were surgically removed, and the incidence of malignancy, based on pathological results was determined. Results: Calcification was present in four lesions (21%). The mean largest diameter was 48.7 +/- 28.8 mm. All lesions were multilobulated and septated. Of the 19 removed lesions, 16 (84%) were malignant, and 3 (16%) were benign (one inflammatory cyst including a nephrolith, one cystic nephroma and one atypical angiomyolipoma). CT and histological findings of 19 Bosniak III cysts were correlated. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated much higher prevalence of malignancy (84%) in radiologically detected Bosniak category III cysts than it has been described before. It may due to the era of modern multidetector CT technology and multiphase protocol

Combining local knowledge and occupancy analysis for a rapid assessment of forest elephants in Cameroon’s timber production forests

Information on the distribution and abundance of the forest elephant Loxodonta cyclotis is needed to allocate limited resources appropriately and set conservation goals for the species. However, monitoring at large scales in forest habitats is complicated, expensive and time consuming. We investigated the potential of applying interview-based occupancy analysis as a tool for the rapid assessment of the distribution and relative abundance of forest elephants in eastern Cameroon. Using single-season occupancy models, we explored the covariates that affect forest elephant occupancy and detectability, and identified spatial and temporal patterns in population change and occupancy. Quantitative and qualitative socio-demographic data offer additional depth and understanding, placing the occupancy analysis in context and providing valuable information to guide conservation action. Detectability of forest elephants has decreased since 2008, which is consistent with the decline in perceived abundance in occupied sites. Forest elephants occupy areas outside protected areas and outside the known elephant range defined by IUCN. Critical conservation attention is required to assess forest elephant populations and the threats they face in these poorly understood areas. Interview-based occupancy analysis is a reliable and suitable method for a rapid assessment of forest elephant occupancy on a large scale, as a complement to, or the first stage in, a monitoring process

Reverse Hall-Petch effect in ultra nanocrystalline diamond

We present atomistic simulations for the mechanical response of ultra nanocrystalline diamond, a polycrystalline form of diamond with grain diameters of the order of a few nm. We consider fully three-dimensional model structures, having several grains of random sizes and orientations, and employ state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations. We calculate structural properties, elastic constants and the hardness of the material; our results compare well with experimental observations for this material. Moreover, we verify that this material becomes softer at small grain sizes, in analogy to the observed reversal of the Hall-Petch effect in various nanocrystalline metals. The effect is attributed to the large concentration of grain boundary atoms at smaller grain sizes. Our analysis yields scaling relations for the elastic constants as a function of the average grain size.Comment: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Modelling Nanomaterials and Nanosystems, Aalborg, Denmark, May 19-22 2008; to be published in the IUTAM Bookseries by Springe

EuroGuiDerm Guideline on the systemic treatment of Psoriasis vulgaris - Part 2 : specific clinical and comorbid situations

This evidence- and consensus-based guideline on the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris was developed following the EuroGuiDerm Guideline and Consensus Statement Development Manual. The second part of the guideline provides guidance for specific clinical and comorbid situations such as treating psoriasis vulgaris patient with concomitant psoriatic arthritis, concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, a history of malignancies or a history of depression or suicidal ideation. It further holds recommendations for concomitant diabetes, viral hepatitis, disease affecting the heart or the kidneys as well as concomitant neurological disease. Advice on how to screen for tuberculosis and recommendations on how to manage patients with a positive tuberculosis test result are given. It further covers treatment for pregnant women or patients with a wish for a child in the near future. Information on vaccination, immunogenicity and systemic treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic is also provided.Peer reviewe

EuroGuiDerm Guideline on the systemic treatment of Psoriasis vulgaris – : Part 1: treatment and monitoring recommendations

Peer reviewe