45 research outputs found
Education can improve the negative perception of a threatened long-lived scavenging bird, the Andean condor
Human-wildlife conflicts currently represent one of the main conservation problems for wildlife species around the world. Vultures have serious conservation concerns, many of which are related to people's adverse perception about them due to the belief that they prey on livestock. Our aim was to assess local perception and the factors influencing people's perception of the largest scavenging bird in South America, the Andean condor. For this, we interviewed 112 people from Valle FĂ©rtil, San Juan province, a rural area of central west Argentina. Overall, people in the area mostly have an elementary education, and their most important activity is livestock rearing. The results showed that, in general, most people perceive the Andean condor as an injurious species and, in fact, some people recognize that they still kill condors. We identified two major factors that affect this perception, the education level of villagers and their relationship with livestock ranching. Our study suggests that conservation of condors and other similar scavengers depends on education programs designed to change the negative perception people have about them. Such programs should be particularly focused on ranchers since they are the ones who have the worst perception of these scavengers. We suggest that highlighting the central ecological role of scavengers and recovering their cultural value would be fundamental to reverse their persecution and their negative perception by people.Fil: Cailly Arnulphi, VerĂłnica BeatrĂz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FĂsicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera; ArgentinaFil: Lambertucci, Sergio Agustin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universidad Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente; ArgentinaFil: Borghi, Carlos Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - San Juan. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas FĂsicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera; Argentin
“I’m a Red River local”: rock climbing mobilities and community hospitalities
With individuals continually on the move, mobility fosters constellations of places at which individuals collectively moor and perform community. By focusing on one climbing destination – the Red River Gorge – this paper works across scales to highlight the spatial politics of mobilizing hospitality. In so doing, it summarizes the ways hosting/guesting thresholds dissolve with the growth of particular rock climbing associated infrastructures and moves to examine the ways climbers performances of community result in the (semi-)privatization of public space and attempts at localization. Further, the paper highlights the ways mobility is employed to maintain a political voice from afar, as well as to forge “local” identities with The Red as place with distinct subcultural (in)hospitality practices. Hospitality practices affirm power relations, they communicate who is at “home” and who has the power in a particular space to extend hospitality. The decision to extend hospitality is not simply the difference between an ethical encounter and a conditional one; it takes place in the very performance of identity. Thus, integrating a mobilities perspective into hospitality studies further illuminates the spatial politics that are at play in an ethics of hospitality
Wormhole formation in dissolving fractures
We investigate the dissolution of artificial fractures with
three-dimensional, pore-scale numerical simulations. The fluid velocity in the
fracture space was determined from a lattice-Boltzmann method, and a stochastic
solver was used for the transport of dissolved species. Numerical simulations
were used to study conditions under which long conduits (wormholes) form in an
initially rough but spatially homogeneous fracture. The effects of flow rate,
mineral dissolution rate and geometrical properties of the fracture were
investigated, and the optimal conditions for wormhole formation determined.Comment: to be published in J. Geophys Re
DETERMINATION OF THE KINETIC PARAMETERS OF OXY-FUEL COMBUSTION OF COAL WITH A HIGH ASH CONTENT
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic parameters of the oxy-fuel combustion of char from a Brazilian bituminous coal with a high ash content. The char, with a particle diameter of 715 ÎĽm, was prepared in a N2 atmosphere at 1173 K. The oxy-fuel combustion assays were performed using a thermobalance at different temperatures and O2/CO2 gas mixtures of different concentrations. According to the unreacted core model, the process is determined by chemical reaction at low temperatures, with an activation energy of 56.7 kJ.kmol-1, a reaction order of 0.5 at 973 K and a reaction order of 0.7 overall. The use of the continuous reaction model did not provide a good fit for the experimental data because the consumption of the particles during the reaction was not constant, as predicted by the model. According to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, the activation energy for the first step was 37.3 kJ.kmol-1
Synthesis of substituted diazino[c]quinolin-5(6H)-ones, diazino[c]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones, diazino[c]naphthyridin-6(5H)-ones and diazino[c]naphthyridin-5(6H)-ones
International audienceSubstituted diazino[c]quinolin-5(6H)-ones and -isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones, diazino[c]naphthyridin-6(5H)- and -5(6H)-ones were obtained using two synthetic routes: one-pot cross-coupling/cyclization and two-step cross-coupling/KOH-mediated anionic ring closure. The two strategies gave yields in the same order of magnitude and their choice depends on the availability of the starting material
A climate-driven abundance model to assess mosquito control strategies
As mosquitoes are vectors of major pathogens worldwide, the control of mosquito populations is one way to fight vector-borne diseases. The objectives of our study were to develop a tool to predict mosquito abundance over time, identify the main determinants of mosquito population dynamics, and assess mosquito control strategies. We developed a generic, mechanistic, climate-driven model of seasonal mosquito population dynamics that can be run over several years because it takes diapause into account. Both aquatic and adult stages are considered, resulting in 10 model compartments: eggs, larvae, and pupae for juveniles; emergent, nulliparous, and parous for adults, the latter two broken down into host-seeking, resting, and ovipositing adults. We then applied the model to Anopheles species of southern France, some of which (nulliparous adults) overwinter. We defined specific transition functions and parameter values for these species and this geographical area based on a literature review. Our model correctly predicted entomological field data. Control points in the model were related to mortality rates of adults, the sex-ratio at emergence, parameters related to development functions and the number of eggs laid by females. Lastly, we used our model to compare the efficiency of mosquito control strategies targeting larvae. We found that a larvicide spraying at regular time intervals acted as a preventive measure against mosquito emergence, and that such a strategy was more efficient than spraying only when the abundance of host-seeking females reached a given threshold. The proposed model can be applied easily to other mosquito species and geographic areas by adapting transition functions and parameter values