Pilomatrix carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle: a case report.

A 45-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of a mass located in the caruncle of his right eye. An incisional biopsy had been performed one month prior by another specialist, and the histopathology report showed basal cell carcinoma. The mass was completely excised with a 2 mm safety margin, and the large conjunctival defect was reconstructed with one sheet of amniotic membrane allograft. A histological diagnosis of pilomatrix carcinoma was established. To prevent recurrence after surgery, we added bevacizumab (25 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL per drop) eye drops four times per day for three months. At the one-year follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis after initial excision and remains under close follow-up. Pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a caruncular mass

Topical cyclosporin A in severe allergic conjunctivitis - Reply

WOS: 000256211300025

Intravitreal injection of methotrexate in an experimental rabbit model: Determination of pharmacokinetics

Purpose: To investigate the pharmacokinetics of intravitreally administered methotrexate. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. The pharmacokinetics of intravitreally injected 800 μg/0.1 ml of methotrexate was investigated. Intravitreal concentration of the drug was measured at seven different times, in six eyes at each occasion, on a total of 42 eyes of 21 rabbits from a period of 30 minutes to 72 hours. Results: The volume of distribution was calculated as 1.33 ml following intravitreal injection of 800 μg methotrexate. Vitreous concentrations of the drug were found to be decreasing related to the specific mathematical equation; drug concentration= 1426.73 e -0.1182(time) and remained over effective dose by 81 hours with a half life of 5.9 hours. Conclusions: These findings evidenced those vitreous levels of methotrexate at various time intervals after 800 μg intravitreal injections which formulated a mathematical equation for calculation of vitreous level of the drug at each hour

Intravitreal injection of methotrexate in an experimental rabbit model: Determination of ultrastructural changes

Purpose: To investigate the ultrastructural changes of the rabbit retina induced by intravitreal methotrexate injection. Materials and Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were enucleated bilaterally at different time periods after intravitreal methotrexate injection. One rabbit was used as control group and one rabbit was used as intact group. Histopathological examinations were performed under light and electron microscopy. Early (within first three days after injection) and long-term (one month after serial injections) effects of intravitreal methotrexate on the retina were investigated. Results: Retinal edema, vacuolization, and disintegration of mitochondria of the retinal cells were observed as early changes. The main long-term effects after serial injections were edema in the photoreceptor, inner nuclear, and ganglionic cell layers. Cellular disorganisation was seen on light microscopy. Electron microscopic examination revealed mitochondrial degeneration and vacuole formation in retinal cells, nuclear degeneration in outer nuclear layer, and membranous whorl formation in photoreceptor and nerve fiber layers. Conclusions High dose intravitreal methotrexate injection may cause significant ultrastructural changes in the rabbit retina in varying severity. This finding may highlight the potential side effects of methotrexate on human retina in higher doses

33 Questions about Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Effects: Expert Answers

WOS: 000396440800002PubMed ID: 2844673

Incidence, risk factors and severity of retinopathy of prematurity in Turkey (TR-ROP study): a prospective, multicentre study in 69 neonatal intensive care units

Background To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Turkey and to establish screening criteria for this condition. Methods A prospective cohort study (TR-ROP) was performed between 1 April 2016 and 30 April 2017 in 69 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Infants with a birth weight (BW)=1500 g or gestational age (GA) 1500 g or GA> 32 weeks with an unstable clinical course were included in the study. Predictors for the development of ROP were determined by logistic regression analyses. Results The TR-ROP study included 6115 infants: 4964 (81%) with a GA 32 weeks. Overall, 27% had any stage of ROP and 6.7% had severe ROP. A lower BW, smaller GA, total days on oxygen, late-onset sepsis, frequency of red blood cell transfusions and relative weight gain were identified as independent risk factors for severe ROP in infants with a BW=1500 g. Of all infants, 414 needed treatment and 395 (95.4%) of the treated infants had a BW <= 1500 g. Sixty-six (16%) of the treated infants did not fulfil the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity requirements for treatment. Conclusions Screening of infants with a GA <= 34 weeks or a BW<1700 g appears to be appropriate in Turkey. Monitoring standards of neonatal care and conducting quality improvement projects across the country are recommended to improve neonatal outcomes in Turkish NICUs