Basic studies on vortex stabilized radiation sources for improved solar simulation

Gas vortex stabilized arc radiation sources for solar simulatio

Lexicon of bedrock stratigraphic names of North Dakota

This lexicon of bedrock stratigraphic names of North Dakota consists of a general definition of each unit as well as the history of stratigraphic nomenclature, An attempt was made to include all units for North Dakota whether formally or informally named, or cur rently being used in the state. The general definition includes name(s) of the unit, age, area of extent, lithology, relationships to other units, characteristic fossils, economic significance, depo sitional environment, type section (1£ one has been proposed), and other remarks that might be significant. The history of strati graphic nomenclature includes a chronological listing of the first definition of the unit and any changes that occurred subsequent to the introduction of the unit. The lexicon includes approximately 350 terms. Of these, 1% is in the Cambrian System, 6% are in the Ordovician, 1% is in the Silurian, 10% are in the Devonian, 12% are in the Mississippian, 3% are in the Pennsylvanian, 3% are in the Permian, 1% is in the Triassic, 7% are in the Jurassic, 24% are in the Cretaceous, and 32% are in the Tertiary System

Evaluation and Improvement of an Advisory Program

Evaluation and Improvement of an Advisory Program by John W. Van Ornum MS, Brigham Young University, 1989 BS, Brigham Young University, 1987 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Walden University December 2014 This project study investigated the effectiveness of a student advising program at a rural high school in Hawaii. The advisory program was implemented to help students track their progress and prepare them for post-high school college and career choices, yet the program\u27s implementation had not been evaluated. Guided by Erickson\u27s theoretical framework, this quantitative study examined advisory participants\u27 perceptions of (a) student-advisor relationships, (b) assistance in making post-high school plans, (c) advisor content knowledge, and (d) recommendations for program improvement. A descriptive survey was given to advisors (n = 28) and a random sample of advisees (n = 145). Descriptive survey data indicated that the advisors and advisees perceived the advisory program to improve student relationships with adults and the development of post-high school plans. Further, comparative analyses using independent-samples t tests found no statistically significant differences in the responses between the advisor and advisee groups in terms of relationships and developing post-high school plans. Advisors indicated that they needed more training, more time to plan, and that program evaluations should be shared at a faculty meeting. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the advisory program be continued, and that additional, ongoing training and planning time be provided to program advisors. Improvements to the advisory program will help school administrators and program advisors provide services that will better prepare advisory students for post-high school educational and career choices, thus promoting positive social change

Microstructural length scale parameters to model the high-cycle fatigue behaviour of notched plain concrete

The present paper investigates the importance and relevance of using microstructural length scale parameters in estimating the high-cycle fatigue strength of notched plain concrete. In particular, the accuracy and reliability of the Theory of Critical Distances and Gradient Elasticity are checked against a number of experimental results generated by testing, under cyclic bending, square section beams of plain concrete containing stress concentrators of different sharpness. The common feature of these two modelling approaches is that the required effective stress is calculated by using a length scale which depends on the microstructural material morphology. The performed validation exercise demonstrates that microstructural length scale parameters are successful in modelling the behaviour of notched plain concrete in the high-cycle fatigue regime

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkene C=C Bonds Using a Manganese Catalyzed Oxidation with H2O2 Combined with Periodate Oxidation

A one-pot multi-step method for the oxidative cleavage of alkenes to aldehydes/ketones under ambient conditions is described as an alternative to ozonolysis. The first step is a highly efficient manganese catalyzed epoxidation/cis-dihydroxylation of alkenes. This step is followed by an Fe(III) assisted ring opening of the epoxide (where necessary) to a 1,2-diol. Carbon-carbon bond cleavage is achieved by treatment of the diol with sodium periodate. The conditions used in each step are not only compatible with the subsequent step(s), but also provide for increased conversion compared to the equivalent reactions carried out on the isolated intermediate compounds. The described procedure allows for carbon-carbon bond cleavage in the presence of other alkenes, oxidation sensitive moieties and other functional groups; the mild conditions (r.t.) used in all three steps make this a viable general alternative to ozonolysis and especially for use under flow or continuous batch conditions

Effects of Chitin and Its Derivative Chitosan on Postharvest Decay of Fruits: A Review

Considerable economic losses to harvested fruits are caused by postharvest fungal decay during transportation and storage, which can be significantly controlled by synthetic fungicides. However, considering public concern over pesticide residues in food and the environment, there is a need for safer alternatives for the control of postharvest decay to substitute synthetic fungicides. As the second most abundant biopolymer renewable source in nature, chitin and its derivative chitosan are widely used in controlling postharvest decay of fruits. This review aims to introduce the effect of chitin and chitosan on postharvest decay in fruits and the possible modes of action involved. We found most of the actions discussed in these researches rest on physiological mechanisms. All of the mechanisms are summarized to lay the groundwork for further studies which should focus on the molecular mechanisms of chitin and chitosan in controlling postharvest decay of fruits

Tandem application of C-C bond-forming reactions with reductive ozonolysis

Several variants of reductive ozonolysis, defined here as the in situ generation of aldehydes or ketones during ozonolytic cleavage of alkenes, are demonstrated to work effectively in tandem with a number of C-C bond-forming reactions. For reactions involving basic nucleophiles (1,2- addition of Grignard reagents, Wittig or Horner-Emmons olefinations, and directed Aldol reactions of lithium enolates) the one-pot process offers a rapid and high-yielding alternative to traditional two-step protocols