Management of the Permanent School Fund of South Dakota with Special Reference to House Joint Resolution No. 10

When South Dakota was admitted into the Union the Federal government granted the State 3,499,222 acres of land, the proceeds from the sale and lease of which were to be used for educational purposes. On June 30th, 1938, 576,949 acres of the original lands granted had been sold for the sum of $17,744,240.11

Samuelson´s full duality and the use of directed acyclical graphs

To date, mixed demand systems have been all but ignored in empirical work. A possible reason for the scarcity of such applications is that one needs to know a priori which prices and quantities are endogenous in the mixed demand system. By using a directed acyclical graph (DAG), causal relationships among price and quantity variables are identified giving rise to a causally identified mixed demand system. A statistical comparison is made of the traditional Rotterdam model, a synthetic demand system, which subsumes the traditional Rotterdam model, and a Rotterdam mixed demand system identified through the use of a DAG. In this analysis, the respective demand systems consist of five products: steak, ground beef, beef roasts, pork, and chicken.directed acyclic graphs, mixed demand systems

Micro-Demand Systems Analysis of Non-Alcoholic Beverages in the United States: An Application of Econometric Techniques Dealing With Censoring

A censored Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) were estimated in modeling non-alcoholic beverages. Five estimation techniques were used, including the conventional Iterated Seemingly Unrelated Regression (ITSUR), two-stage methods such as the Heien and Wessells (1990) and the Shonkwiler and Yen (1999) approaches, the generalized maximum entropy method and the Amemiya-Tobin framework of Dong, Gould and Kaiser (2004). Our results based on various specifications and estimation techniques are quantitatively similar and indicate that price elasticity estimates have a greater variability in more highly censored non-alcoholic beverage items such as tea, coffee and bottled water as opposed to less censored non-alcoholic beverage items such as carbonated softdrinks, milk and fruit juices.Censored demand systems, AIDS, QUAIDS, Two-Step Methods, Generalized Maximum Entropy, Amemiya-Tobin Framework, Non-Alcoholic Beverages, Agribusiness, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, C34, D12,

SAMUELSON'S FULL DUALITY AND THE USE OF DIRECTED ACYCLICAL GRAPHS: THE BIRTH OF CAUSALLY IDENTIFIED DEMAND SYSTEMS

To date, mixed demand systems have been all but ignored in empirical work. A possible reason for the scarcity of such applications is that one needs to know a priori which prices and quantities are endogenous in the mixed demand system. By using a directed acyclical graph (DAG), causal relationships among price and quantity variables are identified giving rise to a causally identified demand system (CIDS). A statistical comparison is made of the traditional Rotterdam model with a Rotterdam mixed demand system identified through the use of a DAG. In this analysis, the respective Rotterdam demand systems consist of five products: steak, ground beef, roast beef, pork, and chicken.Demand and Price Analysis,

Is the Soybean Checkoff Program Working?

The primary objective of this study is to answer two key questions regarding the U.S. soybean checkoff program over time: (1) What have been the effects of the soybean checkoff program on U.S. and world soybean and soybean product markets? (2) Has the soybean checkoff program benefited soybean producers? To answer the first key question, the effects of the soybean checkoff program on U.S. and foreign soybean, soybean meal, and soybean oil supplies, demands, prices, and trade over the 1980/81 through 2006/07 time period are measured. Those results are then used to answer the second question in a benefit-cost analysis of the soybean checkoff program to measure the overall return to producers from soybean checkoff and related expenditures over the years. In general, the study concludes that the expenditure of soybean checkoff funds to invest in production research and to promote the demand for soybeans and soybean products at home and abroad has been highly effective in enhancing the profitability, competiveness, and size of the U.S. soybean industry since at least 1980/81.Soybean, Soybean Checkoff, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Marketing, Productivity Analysis,

Analytical and experimental investigation of mistuning in propfan flutter

An analytical and experimental investigation of the effects of mistuning on propfan subsonic flutter was performed. The analytical model is based on the normal modes of a rotating composite blade and a three-dimensinal subsonic unsteady lifting surface aerodynamic theory. Theoretical and experimental results are compared for selected cases at different blade pitch angles, rotational speeds, and free-stream Mach numbers. The comparison shows a reasonably good agreement between theory and experiment. Both theory and experiment showed that combined mode shape, frequency, and aerodynamic mistuning can have a beneficial or adverse effect on blade damping depending on Mach number. Additional parametric results showed that alternative blade frequency mistuning does not have enough potential for it to be used as a passive flutter control in propfans similar to the one studied. It can be inferred from the results that a laminated composite propfan blade can be tailored to optimize its flutter speed by selecting the proper ply angles

Bubbly cavitating flow generation and investigation of its erosional nature for biomedical applications

This paper was presented at the 2nd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2009), which was held at Brunel University, West London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, IPEM, the Italian Union of Thermofluid dynamics, the Process Intensification Network, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group and the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications.The paper presents a study of the generation of hydrodynamic bubbly cavitation in microchannels to investigate the destructive energy output resulting from this phenomenon and its potential use in biomedical applications. The research performed in this study includes the experimental results from bubbly cavitation experiments and the findings showing the destructive effects of bubbly cavitating flow on selected specimens and cells. The bubbles caused by hydrodynamic cavitation are highly destructive at the surfaces of the target medium on which they are carefully focused. The resulting destructive energy output could be effectively used for good means such as destroying kidney stones or killing infected cancer cells. Motivated by this potential, the cavitation damage (material removal) to cancerous cells and chalk pieces having similar material properties as calcium phosphate in human bones was investigated. Also the potential of hydrodynamic bubbly cavitation generated at the microscale for biomedical treatments was revealed using the microchannel configuration of a microorifice (with an inner diameter of 0.147 mm and a length of 1.52cm).This work was supported by Sabancı University Internal Grant for Research Program under Grant FRG-C47004

Nano and micro Hall-effect sensors for room-temperature scanning hall probe microscopy

Cataloged from PDF version of article.GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas (GaAs-2DEG) Hall probes are impractical for sub-micron room-temperature scanning Hall microscopy (RT-SHPM), due to surface depletion effects that limit the Hall driving current and magnetic sensitivity (B in). Nano and micro Hall-effect sensors were fabricated using Bi and InSb thin films and shown to be practical alternatives to GaAs-2DEG probes for high resolution RT-SHPM. The GaAs-2DEG and InSb probes were fabricated using photolithography and the Bi probes by optical and focused ion beam lithography. Surface depletion effects limited the minimum feature size of GaAs-2DEG probes to similar to1.5 mum(2) with a maximum drive current I-max of similar to3 muA and B-min similar to 0.2 G/rootHz. The B-min of 1.5 mum(2) InSb Hall probes was 6 x 10(-1) G/rootHz at I-max of 100 muA. Further, 200 nm x 200 nm Bi probes yielded good RT-SHPM images of garnet films, with I-max and sensitivity of 40 muA and similar to0.80 G/rootHz, respectively. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Ortaokul öğrencilerinin umut düzeylerinin, kaygı, depresyon ve mükemmeliyetçilik açısından i̇ncelenmesi

The aim of this study is to examine hope levels of secondary-school students in terms of perfectionism, depression and anxious. In line with this purpose, the research was designed in the relational-screening model. The sample of study consisted of 508 secondary-school students (287 female/ 221 male) choosen ramdomly from Lütfi Ege Secondary-School and Basma Sanayi Secondary-School in Denizli/Pamukkale. In research, Personal Information Sheet, Children's Hope Scale, Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Children's Depression Inventory were used to gather data. All data were analyzed by correlation and multiple regression. The results showed that depression, anxiety and positive perfectionism variables are significant predictors of hope. Implications of these findings are discussed within the context of literature. © 2018 Turkish Education Association. All rights reserved